剑指offer-题28：字符串的排列

朴灿烈づ我的快乐病毒、 2022-05-28 06:14 130阅读 0赞

## **题目描述** ##

输入一个字符串,按字典序打印出该字符串中字符的所有排列。例如输入字符串abc,则打印出由字符a,b,c所能排列出来的所有字符串abc,acb,bac,bca,cab和cba。

实验平台：[牛客网][Link 1]

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## **解决思路：** ##

![这里写图片描述][70]  
![这里写图片描述][70 1]

java:

import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.Collections;
    
    public class Solution { 
        public ArrayList<String> Permutation(String str) {
            ArrayList<String> strList = new ArrayList<String>();
            if (str != null && str.trim().length() != 0) {
                char[] strArray = str.toCharArray();
                Permutation(0, strArray, strList);
                Collections.sort(strList);
            }
            return strList;
        }
    
        public void Permutation(int begin, char[] strArray, ArrayList<String> strList) {
            if (begin == strArray.length) {
                String str = String.valueOf(strArray);
                // System.out.println(str);
                if (!strList.contains(str)) {
                    strList.add(str);
                }
            } else {
                for (int i = begin; i < strArray.length; i++) {
                    char temp = strArray[i];
                    strArray[i] = strArray[begin];
                    strArray[begin] = temp;
    
                    Permutation(begin + 1, strArray, strList);
    
                    temp = strArray[i];
                    strArray[i] = strArray[begin];
                    strArray[begin] = temp;
                }
            }
        }
    }

python:

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
    class Solution:
        def Permutation(self, ss):
            # write code here
            str_list = []
            if ss is not None and len(ss) != 0:
                self.get_list(0, list(ss), str_list)
                str_list.sort()  # 这里用sort()而不用sorted()可以避免不必要的内存开销
            return str_list
    
        def get_list(self, begin, str_array, str_list):
            if begin == len(str_array):
                str = "".join(str_array)
                if str not in str_list:
                    str_list.append(str)
            for i in range(begin, len(str_array)):
                temp = str_array[i]
                str_array[i] = str_array[begin]
                str_array[begin] = temp
    
                self.get_list(begin+1, str_array, str_list)
    
                temp = str_array[i]
                str_array[i] = str_array[begin]
                str_array[begin] = temp

[Link 1]: https://www.nowcoder.com/ta/coding-interviews?page=1
[70]: /images/20220528/313c640ef9e844d49006c76a1c4751d0.png
[70 1]: /images/20220528/1c433ca2da334aa8a0da8dc25682d4fe.png