JAVA发送邮件最全示例

朱雀 2022-05-28 04:15 151阅读 0赞

发送邮件是我们在程序开发中很常见的功能，比如注册通知、找回密码等，在网上也有很多关于JAVA发送邮件的示例，但多数都是只介绍了其中的一部分，今天为大家提供一些JAVA发送各种形式邮件的示例，供大家学习参考。

**JAVA Mail**

JAVA Mail是很常用的用于发送邮件的包，我们可以从这里获取，或者在maven中添加如下配置：

<dependency>
       <groupId>com.sun.mail</groupId>
       <artifactId>javax.mail</artifactId>
       <version>1.5.5</version>
    </dependency>

如果使用junit测试还需要添加：

<dependency>
       <groupId>junit</groupId>
       <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
       <version>4.8.2</version>
    </dependency>

示例代码如下：

package com.gujin.mail;
    
    import java.io.File;
    import java.util.Date;
    import java.util.Properties;
    
    import javax.activation.DataHandler;
    import javax.activation.DataSource;
    import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
    import javax.mail.Authenticator;
    import javax.mail.BodyPart;
    import javax.mail.Message;
    import javax.mail.Multipart;
    import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
    import javax.mail.Session;
    import javax.mail.Transport;
    import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
    import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
    import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
    import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
    import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;
    
    public class MailSenderTest { 
       private String host = "smtp.126.com";
       private String port = "25";
       private String userName = "";
       private String password = "";
       private String to = "";
    
       /** * 发送文本邮件 * * @throws Exception */
       public void sendTextMail() throws Exception
       {
          Properties pro = System.getProperties();
          pro.put("mail.smtp.host", host);
          pro.put("mail.smtp.port", port);
          pro.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
    
          // 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session
          Session sendMailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(pro,
                new Authenticator()
                {
                   @Override
                   protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication()
                   {
                      return new PasswordAuthentication(userName, password);
                   }
                });
          // 根据session创建一个邮件消息
          Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);
          // 设置邮件消息的发送者
          mailMessage.setFrom(new InternetAddress(userName));
          // 创建邮件的接收者地址，并设置到邮件消息中
          mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,
                new InternetAddress(to));
          // 设置邮件消息的主题
          mailMessage.setSubject("Test Email");
          // 设置邮件消息发送的时间
          mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());
          // 设置邮件消息的主要内容
          mailMessage.setText("this is a test Text mail");
          // 发送邮件
          Transport.send(mailMessage);
       }
    
       /** * 发送Html邮件 * * @throws Exception */
       public void sendHtmlMail() throws Exception
       {
          Properties pro = System.getProperties();
          pro.put("mail.smtp.host", host);
          pro.put("mail.smtp.port", port);
          pro.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
    
          // 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session
          Session sendMailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(pro,
                new Authenticator()
                {
                   @Override
                   protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication()
                   {
                      return new PasswordAuthentication(userName, password);
                   }
                });
          // 根据session创建一个邮件消息
          Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);
          // 设置邮件消息的发送者
          mailMessage.setFrom(new InternetAddress(userName));
          // 创建邮件的接收者地址，并设置到邮件消息中
          mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,
                new InternetAddress(to));
          // 设置邮件消息的主题
          mailMessage.setSubject("Test Email");
          // 设置邮件消息发送的时间
          mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());
    
          // MiniMultipart类是一个容器类，包含MimeBodyPart类型的对象
          Multipart mainPart = new MimeMultipart();
          // 创建一个包含HTML内容的MimeBodyPart
          BodyPart html = new MimeBodyPart();
          // 设置HTML内容
          html.setContent(
                "<html><body><img src='http://avatar.csdn.net/A/C/A/1_jianggujin.jpg'/><div>this is a HTML email.</div></body></html>",
                "text/html; charset=utf-8");
          mainPart.addBodyPart(html);
          // 将MiniMultipart对象设置为邮件内容
          mailMessage.setContent(mainPart);
          // 发送邮件
          Transport.send(mailMessage);
       }
    
       /** * 发送内嵌图片邮件 * * @throws Exception */
       public void sendImageMail() throws Exception
       {
          Properties pro = System.getProperties();
          pro.put("mail.smtp.host", host);
          pro.put("mail.smtp.port", port);
          pro.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
    
          // 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session
          Session sendMailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(pro,
                new Authenticator()
                {
                   @Override
                   protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication()
                   {
                      return new PasswordAuthentication(userName, password);
                   }
                });
          // 根据session创建一个邮件消息
          Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);
          // 设置邮件消息的发送者
          mailMessage.setFrom(new InternetAddress(userName));
          // 创建邮件的接收者地址，并设置到邮件消息中
          mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,
                new InternetAddress(to));
          // 设置邮件消息的主题
          mailMessage.setSubject("Test Email");
          // 设置邮件消息发送的时间
          mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());
    
          MimeMultipart multipart = new MimeMultipart("related");
    
          BodyPart messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
          String htmlText = "<html><body><img src='cid:image'/><div>this is a HTML email.</div></body></html>";
          messageBodyPart.setContent(htmlText, "text/html; charset=utf-8");
          multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);
    
          MimeBodyPart imageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
          DataSource fds = new FileDataSource("1_jianggujin.jpg");
          imageBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(fds));
          imageBodyPart.setContentID("image");
          multipart.addBodyPart(imageBodyPart);
    
          mailMessage.setContent(multipart);
          // 发送邮件
          Transport.send(mailMessage);
       }
    
       /** * 发送附件邮件 * * @throws Exception */
       public void sendAttachmentMail() throws Exception
       {
          Properties pro = System.getProperties();
          pro.put("mail.smtp.host", host);
          pro.put("mail.smtp.port", port);
          pro.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
    
          // 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session
          Session sendMailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(pro,
                new Authenticator()
                {
                   @Override
                   protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication()
                   {
                      return new PasswordAuthentication(userName, password);
                   }
                });
          // 根据session创建一个邮件消息
          Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);
          // 设置邮件消息的发送者
          mailMessage.setFrom(new InternetAddress(userName));
          // 创建邮件的接收者地址，并设置到邮件消息中
          mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,
                new InternetAddress(to));
          // 设置邮件消息的主题
          mailMessage.setSubject("Test Email");
          // 设置邮件消息发送的时间
          mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());
    
          MimeMultipart multipart = new MimeMultipart("mixed");
    
          BodyPart messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
          String htmlText = "<html><body><div>this is a Attachment email.this email has a attachment!</div></body></html>";
          messageBodyPart.setContent(htmlText, "text/html; charset=utf-8");
          multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);
    
          MimeBodyPart imageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
          File imageFile = new File("1_jianggujin.jpg");
          DataSource fds = new FileDataSource(imageFile);
          imageBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(fds));
          imageBodyPart.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeWord(imageFile.getName()));
          multipart.addBodyPart(imageBodyPart);
    
          mailMessage.setContent(multipart);
          // 发送邮件
          Transport.send(mailMessage);
       }
    
       /** * 发送内嵌图片和附件邮件 * * @throws Exception */
       public void sendImageAndAttachmentMail() throws Exception
       {
          Properties pro = System.getProperties();
          pro.put("mail.smtp.host", host);
          pro.put("mail.smtp.port", port);
          pro.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
    
          // 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session
          Session sendMailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(pro,
                new Authenticator()
                {
                   @Override
                   protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication()
                   {
                      return new PasswordAuthentication(userName, password);
                   }
                });
          // 根据session创建一个邮件消息
          Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);
          // 设置邮件消息的发送者
          mailMessage.setFrom(new InternetAddress(userName));
          // 创建邮件的接收者地址，并设置到邮件消息中
          mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,
                new InternetAddress(to));
          // 设置邮件消息的主题
          mailMessage.setSubject("Test Email");
          // 设置邮件消息发送的时间
          mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());
    
          // 正文
          MimeBodyPart text = new MimeBodyPart();
          text.setContent("我的头像：<img src='cid:headImg'>",
                "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
    
          // 正文图片
          MimeBodyPart image = new MimeBodyPart();
          image.setDataHandler(
                new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("1_jianggujin.jpg")));
          image.setContentID("headImg");
    
          // 附件
          MimeBodyPart attach = new MimeBodyPart();
          DataHandler dh = new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("1_jianggujin.jpg"));
          attach.setDataHandler(dh);
          attach.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeWord(dh.getName()));
    
          // 描述关系:正文和图片
          MimeMultipart mp1 = new MimeMultipart();
          mp1.addBodyPart(text);
          mp1.addBodyPart(image);
          mp1.setSubType("related");
    
          // 正文
          MimeBodyPart content = new MimeBodyPart();
          content.setContent(mp1);
    
          MimeMultipart multipart = new MimeMultipart("mixed");
          multipart.addBodyPart(content);
          multipart.addBodyPart(attach);
    
          mailMessage.setContent(multipart);
          // 发送邮件
          Transport.send(mailMessage);
       }
    }

**commons-email**

使用JAVA Mail我们可以完成邮件的发送，但是我们可以发现实现过程略显复杂，比较繁琐，所以我们可以借助commons-email简化发送邮件的过程，commons-email可以从这里下载，或在maven中添加如下配置：

<dependency>
       <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
       <artifactId>commons-email</artifactId>
       <version>1.4</version>
    </dependency>

示例代码：

package com.gujin.mail;
    
    import java.io.File;
    import java.util.Date;
    
    import org.apache.commons.mail.EmailAttachment;
    import org.apache.commons.mail.HtmlEmail;
    import org.apache.commons.mail.MultiPartEmail;
    import org.apache.commons.mail.SimpleEmail;
    
    public class CommonsEmailTest { 
       private String host = "smtp.126.com";
       private int port = 25;
       private String userName = "";
       private String password = "";
       private String to = "";
    
       /** * 发送文本邮件 * * @throws Exception */
       public void sendTextMail() throws Exception
       {
          SimpleEmail mail = new SimpleEmail();
          // 设置邮箱服务器信息
          mail.setSmtpPort(port);
          mail.setHostName(host);
          // 设置密码验证器
          mail.setAuthentication(userName, password);
          // 设置邮件发送者
          mail.setFrom(userName);
          // 设置邮件接收者
          mail.addTo(to);
          // 设置邮件编码
          mail.setCharset("UTF-8");
          // 设置邮件主题
          mail.setSubject("Test Email");
          // 设置邮件内容
          mail.setMsg("this is a test Text mail");
          // 设置邮件发送时间
          mail.setSentDate(new Date());
          // 发送邮件
          mail.send();
       }
    
       /** * 发送Html邮件 * * @throws Exception */
       public void sendHtmlMail() throws Exception
       {
          HtmlEmail mail = new HtmlEmail();
          // 设置邮箱服务器信息
          mail.setSmtpPort(port);
          mail.setHostName(host);
          // 设置密码验证器
          mail.setAuthentication(userName, password);
          // 设置邮件发送者
          mail.setFrom(userName);
          // 设置邮件接收者
          mail.addTo(to);
          // 设置邮件编码
          mail.setCharset("UTF-8");
          // 设置邮件主题
          mail.setSubject("Test Email");
          // 设置邮件内容
          mail.setHtmlMsg(
                "<html><body><img src='http://avatar.csdn.net/A/C/A/1_jianggujin.jpg'/><div>this is a HTML email.</div></body></html>");
          // 设置邮件发送时间
          mail.setSentDate(new Date());
          // 发送邮件
          mail.send();
       }
    
       /** * 发送内嵌图片邮件 * * @throws Exception */
       public void sendImageMail() throws Exception
       {
          HtmlEmail mail = new HtmlEmail();
          // 设置邮箱服务器信息
          mail.setSmtpPort(port);
          mail.setHostName(host);
          // 设置密码验证器
          mail.setAuthentication(userName, password);
          // 设置邮件发送者
          mail.setFrom(userName);
          // 设置邮件接收者
          mail.addTo(to);
          // 设置邮件编码
          mail.setCharset("UTF-8");
          // 设置邮件主题
          mail.setSubject("Test Email");
          mail.embed(new File("1_jianggujin.jpg"), "image");
          // 设置邮件内容
          String htmlText = "<html><body><img src='cid:image'/><div>this is a HTML email.</div></body></html>";
          mail.setHtmlMsg(htmlText);
          // 设置邮件发送时间
          mail.setSentDate(new Date());
          // 发送邮件
          mail.send();
       }
    
       /** * 发送附件邮件 * * @throws Exception */
       public void sendAttachmentMail() throws Exception
       {
          MultiPartEmail mail = new MultiPartEmail();
          // 设置邮箱服务器信息
          mail.setSmtpPort(port);
          mail.setHostName(host);
          // 设置密码验证器
          mail.setAuthentication(userName, password);
          // 设置邮件发送者
          mail.setFrom(userName);
          // 设置邮件接收者
          mail.addTo(to);
          // 设置邮件编码
          mail.setCharset("UTF-8");
          // 设置邮件主题
          mail.setSubject("Test Email");
    
          mail.setMsg("this is a Attachment email.this email has a attachment!");
          // 创建附件
          EmailAttachment attachment = new EmailAttachment();
          attachment.setPath("1_jianggujin.jpg");
          attachment.setDisposition(EmailAttachment.ATTACHMENT);
          attachment.setName("1_jianggujin.jpg");
          mail.attach(attachment);
    
          // 设置邮件发送时间
          mail.setSentDate(new Date());
          // 发送邮件
          mail.send();
       }
    
       /** * 发送内嵌图片和附件邮件 * * @throws Exception */
       public void sendImageAndAttachmentMail() throws Exception
       {
          HtmlEmail mail = new HtmlEmail();
          // 设置邮箱服务器信息
          mail.setSmtpPort(port);
          mail.setHostName(host);
          // 设置密码验证器
          mail.setAuthentication(userName, password);
          // 设置邮件发送者
          mail.setFrom(userName);
          // 设置邮件接收者
          mail.addTo(to);
          // 设置邮件编码
          mail.setCharset("UTF-8");
          // 设置邮件主题
          mail.setSubject("Test Email");
          mail.embed(new File("1_jianggujin.jpg"), "image");
          // 设置邮件内容
          String htmlText = "<html><body><img src='cid:image'/><div>this is a HTML email.</div></body></html>";
          mail.setHtmlMsg(htmlText);
          // 创建附件
          EmailAttachment attachment = new EmailAttachment();
          attachment.setPath("1_jianggujin.jpg");
          attachment.setDisposition(EmailAttachment.ATTACHMENT);
          attachment.setName("1_jianggujin.jpg");
          mail.attach(attachment);
          // 设置邮件发送时间
          mail.setSentDate(new Date());
          // 发送邮件
          mail.send();
       }
    }