Elasticsearch热词(新词/自定义词)更新配置

ゞ浴缸里的玫瑰 2022-05-27 12:57 360阅读 0赞

网络词语日新月异，如何让新出的网络热词（或特定的词语）实时的更新到我们的搜索当中呢

先用 ik 测试一下 ：

curl -XGET 'http://localhost:9200/_analyze?pretty&analyzer=ik_max_word' -d '
    成龙原名陈港生
    '
    #返回
    {
      "tokens" : [ {
        "token" : "成龙",
        "start_offset" : 1,
        "end_offset" : 3,
        "type" : "CN_WORD",
        "position" : 0
      }, {
        "token" : "原名",
        "start_offset" : 3,
        "end_offset" : 5,
        "type" : "CN_WORD",
        "position" : 1
      }, {
        "token" : "陈",
        "start_offset" : 5,
        "end_offset" : 6,
        "type" : "CN_CHAR",
        "position" : 2
      }, {
        "token" : "港",
        "start_offset" : 6,
        "end_offset" : 7,
        "type" : "CN_WORD",
        "position" : 3
      }, {
        "token" : "生",
        "start_offset" : 7,
        "end_offset" : 8,
        "type" : "CN_CHAR",
        "position" : 4
      } ]
    }

ik 的主词典中没有”陈港生” 这个词，所以被拆分了。   
现在我们来配置一下   
修改 IK 的配置文件 ：ES 目录/plugins/ik/config/ik/IKAnalyzer.cfg.xml

修改如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
    <!DOCTYPE properties SYSTEM "http://java.sun.com/dtd/properties.dtd">    
    <properties>    
        <comment>IK Analyzer 扩展配置</comment>  
              
        <entry key="ext_dict">custom/mydict.dic;custom/single_word_low_freq.dic</entry>       
           
        <entry key="ext_stopwords">custom/ext_stopword.dic</entry>  
           
        <entry key="remote_ext_dict">http://192.168.1.136/hotWords.php</entry>  
          
          
    </properties>

这里我是用的是远程扩展字典，因为可以使用其他程序调用更新，且不用重启 ES，很方便； 使用本地的文件进行词库扩展，需要重启ES 。当然使用自定义的 mydict.dic 字典也是很方便的，一行一个词，自己加就可以了   
既然是远程词典，那么就要是一个可访问的链接，可以是一个页面，也可以是一个txt的文档，但要保证输出的内容是 utf-8 的格式

hotWords.php 的内容

$s = <<<'EOF'  
    陈港生  
    元楼  
    蓝瘦  
    EOF;  
    header('Last-Modified: '.gmdate('D, d M Y H:i:s', time()).' GMT', true, 200);  
    header('ETag: "5816f349-19"');  
    echo $s;

ik 接收两个返回的头部属性 Last-Modified 和 ETag，只要其中一个有变化，就会触发更新，ik 会每分钟获取一次

重启 Elasticsearch ，查看启动记录，看到了三个词已被加载进来

[2016-10-31 15:08:57,749][INFO ][ik-analyzer              ] 陈港生  
    [2016-10-31 15:08:57,749][INFO ][ik-analyzer              ] 元楼  
    [2016-10-31 15:08:57,749][INFO ][ik-analyzer              ] 蓝瘦

现在我们来测试一下，再次执行上面的请求，返回

...  
      }, {  
        "token" : "陈港生",  
        "start_offset" : 5,  
        "end_offset" : 8,  
        "type" : "CN_WORD",  
        "position" : 2  
      }, {  
    ...

可以看到 ik 分词器已经匹配到了 “陈港生” 这个词。

Java服务器端实现：实现加载扩展词、添加扩展词、扩展词刷新接口

<entry key="remote_ext_dict">http://ip:port/es/dic/loadExtDict</entry>

@RestController
    @RequestMapping("/es/dic")
    public class DicController {
    	
    	private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DicController.class);
    	
    	@Autowired
    	private DictRedis dictRedis;
    	
    	private static final String EXT_DICT_PATH = "E:\\ext_dict.txt";
    	
    	/**
    	  * Description:加载扩展词
    	  * @param response
    	 */
    	@RequestMapping(value = "/loadExtDict")
    	public void loadExtDict(HttpServletResponse response) {
    		logger.error("extDict get start");
    		long count = dictRedis.incr(RedisKeyConstants.ES_EXT_DICT_FLUSH);
    		//要保证每个节点都能获取到扩展词
    		if(count > getEsClusterNodesNum()) {
    			return;
    		}
    		
    		String result = FileUtil.read(EXT_DICT_PATH);
    		if(StringUtils.isEmpty(result)) {
    			return;
    		}
    		
    //		String result = "黄焖鸡米饭\n腾冲大救驾\n陈港生\n大西瓜\n大南瓜";
    		try {
    			response.setHeader("Last-Modified", TimeUtil.currentTimeHllDT().toString());
    			response.setHeader("ETag",TimeUtil.currentTimeHllDT().toString());
    			response.setContentType("text/plain; charset=UTF-8");
                PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
                out.write(result);
                out.flush();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                logger.error("DicController loadExtDict exception" , e);
            }
    		
    		logger.error("extDict get end,result:{}", result);
    	}
    	
    	/**
    	  * Description:扩展词刷新
    	  * @param response
    	  * @return
    	 */
    	@RequestMapping(value = "/extDictFlush")
    	public String extDictFlush() {
    		String result = "ok";
    		try {
    			dictRedis.del(RedisKeyConstants.ES_EXT_DICT_FLUSH);
            } catch (Exception e) {
            	result = e.getMessage();
            }
    		return result;
    	}
    	
    	/**
    	  * Description:添加扩展词典,多个词以逗号隔开“,”
    	  * @param dict
    	  * @return
    	 */
    	@RequestMapping(value = "/addExtDict")
    	public String addExtDict(String dict) {
    		String result = "ok";
    		if(StringUtils.isEmpty(dict)) {
    			return "添加词不能为空";
    		}
    		
    		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    		String[] dicts = dict.split(",");
    		for (String str : dicts) {
    			sb.append("\n").append(str);
    		}
    		
    		boolean flag = FileUtil.write(EXT_DICT_PATH, sb.toString());
    		if(flag) {
    			extDictFlush();
    		} else {
    			result = "fail";
    		}
    		
    		return result;
    	}
    	
    	/**
    	  * Description:获取集群节点个数,若未获取到，默认10个
    	  * @return
    	 */
    	private int getEsClusterNodesNum() {
    		int num = 10;
    		String esAddress = PropertyConfigurer.getString("es.address","http://172.16.32.69:9300,http://172.16.32.48:9300");
    		List<String> clusterNodes = Arrays.asList(esAddress.split(","));
    		if(clusterNodes != null && clusterNodes.size() != 0) {
    			num = clusterNodes.size();
    		}
    		return num;
    	}
    }

文件读写工具类：

public class FileUtil {
    
    	private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(FileUtil.class);
    
    	/**
    	  * Description:文件读取
    	  *
    	  * @param path
    	  * @return
    	  * @throws Exception
    	 */
    	public static String read(String path) {
    		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    		BufferedReader reader = null;
    		try {
    			BufferedInputStream fis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(new File(path)));
    			reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(fis, "utf-8"), 512);// 用512的缓冲读取文本文件
    
    			String line = "";
    			while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
    				sb.append(line).append("\n");
    			}
    		} catch (Exception e) {
    			logger.error("FileUtil read exception", e);
    		} finally {
    			if(reader != null) {
    				try {
    					reader.close();
    				} catch (IOException e) {
    					e.printStackTrace();
    				}
    			}
    		}
    		return sb.toString();
    	}
    
    	/**
    	  * Description:追加写入文件
    	  *
    	 */
    	public static boolean write(String path, String content) {
    		boolean flag = true;
    		BufferedWriter out = null;
    		try {
    			out = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(new File(path), true))); // 追加的方法
    			out.write(content);
    		} catch (IOException e) {
    			flag = false;
    			logger.error("FileUtil write exception", e);
    		} finally {
    			try {
    				if(out != null) {
    					out.close();
    				}
    			} catch (IOException e) {
    				e.printStackTrace();
    			}
    		}
    		return flag;
    	}
    
    }