kubernetes学习:4.安装kubectl命令

ゝ一纸荒年。 2022-05-26 22:20 595阅读 0赞

# kubernetes学习:安装kubectl命令 #

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kubectl是k8s的集群命令的管理工具，通过kubectl可以完成对k8s各种资源的操作（查看、添加、修改等）。在管理工具界面使用kubectl语法运行如下命令：

kubectl [command] [TYPE] [NAME] [flags]

kubectl作为一个管理工具，需要安装在master节点上，在我们的本次实验中，需要安装在192.168.99.183上。  
下面介绍kubectl的二进制安装方式。

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## kubectl二进制安装 ##

关于k8s的二进制版本可以在git的下载地址进行查询：  
[https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG-1.8.md\#client-binaries][https_github.com_kubernetes_kubernetes_blob_master_CHANGELOG-1.8.md_client-binaries]

本次实验下载的是1.8.10版本：

[root@wecloud-test-k8s-1 ~]# wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.6.0/kubernetes-client-linux-amd64.tar.gz
    [root@wecloud-test-k8s-1 ~]# tar xvf kubernetes-client-linux-amd64.tar.gz
    [root@wecloud-test-k8s-1 ~]# cp kubernetes/client/bin/kube* /usr/bin/
    [root@wecloud-test-k8s-1 ~]# chmod a+x /usr/bin/kube*

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## 创建 kubectl kubeconfig 文件 ##

# 设置apiserver的地址
    [root@wecloud-test-k8s-1 ~]# export KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.99.183:6443"
    # 设置集群参数
    [root@wecloud-test-k8s-1 ~]# kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=${KUBE_APISERVER}
    # 设置客户端认证参数
    [root@wecloud-test-k8s-1 ~]# kubectl config set-credentials admin --client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/admin.pem --embed-certs=true --client-key=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/admin-key.pem
    # 设置上下文参数
    [root@wecloud-test-k8s-1 ~]# kubectl config set-context kubernetes --cluster=kubernetes --user=admin
    # 设置默认上下文
    [root@wecloud-test-k8s-1 ~]# kubectl config use-context kubernetes

最终生成的kubeconfig文件存在于~/.kube/config中，上述的操作就是为了生成这个配置文件，具体的内容如下：

apiVersion: v1
    clusters:
    - cluster:
        certificate-authority-data: LS0tLS1CRUdJTiBDRVJUSUZJQ0FURS0tLS0tCk1JSUR3akNDQXFxZ0F3SUJBZ0lVSzZrQ204cG9VK0Z5YnMxU2IxNDhYS0RJZ0Ywd0RRWUpLb1pJaHZjTkFRRUwKQlFBd1p6RUxNQWtHQTFVRUJoTUNRMDR4RVRBUEJnTlZCQWdUQ0Zwb1pVcHBZVzVuTVJFd0R3WURWUVFIRXdoSQpZVzVuV21odmRURU1NQW9HQTFVRUNoTURhemh6TVE4d0RRWURWUVFMRXdaVGVYTjBaVzB4RXpBUkJnTlZCQU1UCkNtdDFZbVZ5Ym1WMFpYTXdIaGNOTVRnd05EQXhNRGt4TWpBd1doY05Nak13TXpNeE1Ea3hNakF3V2pCbk1Rc3cKQ1FZRFZRUUdFd0pEVGpFUk1BOEdBMVVFQ0JNSVdtaGxTbWxoYm1jeEVUQVBCZ05WQkFjVENFaGhibWRhYUc5MQpNUXd3Q2dZRFZRUUtFd05yT0hNeER6QU5CZ05WQkFzVEJsTjVjM1JsYlRFVE1CRUdBMVVFQXhNS2EzVmlaWEp1ClpYUmxjekNDQVNJd0RRWUpLb1pJaHZjTkFRRUJCUUFEZ2dFUEFEQ0NBUW9DZ2dFQkFMbjdZU1dBYzByMTB2RHIKMExtais4R01UdllhUTdNWmlQZk9LNjhuTXdUSXFwd1NUcmh5WklVRmd4bjlDUmZDMWZRSFRSV24rTElLOStWVgpJN0NZdDBNSzYwL1FTbGZjbTBjN0xkZFpybEIwQW0xWDUyTldmbElJT0Jjd0pPdlRhZ05QQzBvUUJ2elJqOFJvCkt0cWVBcnRnYlFPOVYxYjVoU21hR1FpcS9weXV3ZzkvdnRpT2Y3dmtPR29LcEpFZnlhRmdLVjhpTFFMdG56YmwKZUlFS2Evdk9xb2tBdUFTRGZjQzhSQ0dPZnNTOXNnZkJHT0IxS1QyaUVUaUZqSGJ4YkhvZmhFRkFncitkRXZpNgpFc052ZHJRU0MrZ3dITzFBenFBMDlNdmdpNVZ4eWFwL1dLOGV2cllDZ3FyalFGYldmQzVJSmswNGFsZGdlZWxDCnN5NkxRWVVDQXdFQUFhTm1NR1F3RGdZRFZSMFBBUUgvQkFRREFnRUdNQklHQTFVZEV3RUIvd1FJTUFZQkFmOEMKQVFJd0hRWURWUjBPQkJZRUZMazd3QzIwVkdpdGFYSlpVVVpCVkdzVUl2b3pNQjhHQTFVZEl3UVlNQmFBRkxrNwp3QzIwVkdpdGFYSlpVVVpCVkdzVUl2b3pNQTBHQ1NxR1NJYjNEUUVCQ3dVQUE0SUJBUUE2M3ZtSFdGZzE4S0xNClRGazNIdE81MFhuZXNhTzlnOUJYWjF6SlkvN1h1K3JHWEt2Sk8vVk4zaXM5WUZsQXR6Y2dOdmlMQXBBR2dvWjEKZlZPS3d2bHk2aURldUNNd1JmMEVxQ0lXdTFacDVWdmFHUDRSOHpHVmlNbWFIL1B6L3hxWXI5ZEdyZVcrUEhzbgo5OElsaUU0OGJHeE1ZZTRaZ2szTFd1aHpKYmZMU0ZiUDRVV1NyaW1JRHp5amNTWnNEMUM2RHRuM2JTM0ZhOTlWCmJYNUFhcmE3S2NPd2ptdmhzc0RBTUg3UklENXJDUTh4Rm1tcjNFeDFidmxWTGZjYWtxc05XRExwMXVjZGYzbU8KUktlUUZDTVlRSG5zejY1STlYWEd5UzF3REdmcmhUSTV4MXZKMXNwM1RsUCsvVFV4TkIzdkZsZnFBUDFMNDRJWgpNUlRPRmZhVwotLS0tLUVORCBDRVJUSUZJQ0FURS0tLS0tCg==
        server: https://192.168.99.183:6443
      name: kubernetes
    contexts:
    - context:
        cluster: kubernetes
        user: admin
      name: kubernetes
    current-context: kubernetes
    kind: Config
    preferences: {}
    users:
    - name: admin
      user:
        as-user-extra: {}
        client-certificate-data: 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
        client-key-data: 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## 小结 ##

kubectl是非常关键的命令，安装好可以满足对k8s的各种操作。

[https_github.com_kubernetes_kubernetes_blob_master_CHANGELOG-1.8.md_client-binaries]: https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG-1.8.md#client-binaries