Linux系统下MySQL 安装

逃离我推掉我的手 2022-05-26 13:06 153阅读 0赞

## MySQL 安装 ##

本教程的系统平台：CentOS release 6.6 (Final) 64位。

### 一、安装编译工具及库文件 ###

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make autoconf libtool-ltdl-devel gd-devel freetype-devel libxml2-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel openssl-devel curl-devel bison patch unzip libmcrypt-devel libmhash-devel ncurses-devel sudo bzip2 flex libaio-devel

### 二、 安装cmake 编译器 ###

cmake 版本：cmake-3.1.1。

1、下载地址：[http://www.cmake.org/files/v3.1/cmake-3.1.1.tar.gz][http_www.cmake.org_files_v3.1_cmake-3.1.1.tar.gz]

$ wget http://www.cmake.org/files/v3.1/cmake-3.1.1.tar.gz

![mysql1][]

2、解压安装包

$ tar zxvf cmake-3.1.1.tar.gz

3、进入安装包目录

$ cd cmake-3.1.1

4、编译安装

$ ./bootstrap
    $ make && make install

--------------------

### 三、安装 MySQL ###

MySQL版本：mysql-5.6.15。

1、下载地址： [http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.15.tar.gz][http_dev.mysql.com_get_Downloads_MySQL-5.6_mysql-5.6.15.tar.gz]

$ wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.15.tar.gz

![mysql2][]

2、解压安装包

$ tar zxvf mysql-5.6.15.tar.gz

3、进入安装包目录

$ cd mysql-5.6.15

4、编译安装

$ cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/ -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DWITH_INNODB_MEMCACHED=1 -DWITH_DEBUG=OFF -DWITH_ZLIB=bundled -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DENABLED_PROFILING=ON -DMYSQL_MAINTAINER_MODE=OFF -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/data -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306
    $ make && make install

5、查看mysql版本:

$ /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql --version

![mysql3][]

到此，mysql安装完成。

--------------------

## MySQL 配置 ##

1、创建mysql运行使用的用户mysql：

$ /usr/sbin/groupadd mysql
    $ /usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql

2、创建binlog和库的存储路径并赋予mysql用户权限

$ mkdir -p /usr/local/webserver/mysql/binlog /www/data_mysql
    $ chown mysql.mysql /usr/local/webserver/mysql/binlog/ /www/data_mysql/

3、创建my.cnf配置文件

将/etc/my.cnf替换为下面内容

$ cat /etc/my.cnf
    
    [client]
    port = 3306
    socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
    [mysqld]
    replicate-ignore-db = mysql
    replicate-ignore-db = test
    replicate-ignore-db = information_schema
    user = mysql
    port = 3306
    socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
    basedir = /usr/local/webserver/mysql
    datadir = /www/data_mysql
    log-error = /usr/local/webserver/mysql/mysql_error.log
    pid-file = /usr/local/webserver/mysql/mysql.pid
    open_files_limit = 65535
    back_log = 600
    max_connections = 5000
    max_connect_errors = 1000
    table_open_cache = 1024
    external-locking = FALSE
    max_allowed_packet = 32M
    sort_buffer_size = 1M
    join_buffer_size = 1M
    thread_cache_size = 600
    #thread_concurrency = 8
    query_cache_size = 128M
    query_cache_limit = 2M
    query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k
    default-storage-engine = MyISAM
    default-tmp-storage-engine=MYISAM
    thread_stack = 192K
    transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
    tmp_table_size = 128M
    max_heap_table_size = 128M
    log-slave-updates
    log-bin = /usr/local/webserver/mysql/binlog/binlog
    binlog-do-db=oa_fb
    binlog-ignore-db=mysql
    binlog_cache_size = 4M
    binlog_format = MIXED
    max_binlog_cache_size = 8M
    max_binlog_size = 1G
    relay-log-index = /usr/local/webserver/mysql/relaylog/relaylog
    relay-log-info-file = /usr/local/webserver/mysql/relaylog/relaylog
    relay-log = /usr/local/webserver/mysql/relaylog/relaylog
    expire_logs_days = 10
    key_buffer_size = 256M
    read_buffer_size = 1M
    read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
    bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
    myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
    myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
    myisam_repair_threads = 1
    myisam_recover
    interactive_timeout = 120
    wait_timeout = 120
    skip-name-resolve
    #master-connect-retry = 10
    slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062,126,1114,1146,1048,1396
    #master-host = 192.168.1.2
    #master-user = username
    #master-password = password
    #master-port = 3306
    server-id = 1
    loose-innodb-trx=0 
    loose-innodb-locks=0 
    loose-innodb-lock-waits=0 
    loose-innodb-cmp=0 
    loose-innodb-cmp-per-index=0
    loose-innodb-cmp-per-index-reset=0
    loose-innodb-cmp-reset=0 
    loose-innodb-cmpmem=0 
    loose-innodb-cmpmem-reset=0 
    loose-innodb-buffer-page=0 
    loose-innodb-buffer-page-lru=0 
    loose-innodb-buffer-pool-stats=0 
    loose-innodb-metrics=0 
    loose-innodb-ft-default-stopword=0 
    loose-innodb-ft-inserted=0 
    loose-innodb-ft-deleted=0 
    loose-innodb-ft-being-deleted=0 
    loose-innodb-ft-config=0 
    loose-innodb-ft-index-cache=0 
    loose-innodb-ft-index-table=0 
    loose-innodb-sys-tables=0 
    loose-innodb-sys-tablestats=0 
    loose-innodb-sys-indexes=0 
    loose-innodb-sys-columns=0 
    loose-innodb-sys-fields=0 
    loose-innodb-sys-foreign=0 
    loose-innodb-sys-foreign-cols=0
    
    slow_query_log_file=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/mysql_slow.log
    long_query_time = 1
    [mysqldump]
    quick
    max_allowed_packet = 32M

4、初始化数据库

$/usr/local/webserver/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf  --user=mysql

显示如下信息：

Installing MySQL system tables...2015-01-26 20:18:51 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
    OK
    
    Filling help tables...2015-01-26 20:18:57 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
    OK
    ...

5、创建开机启动脚本

$ cd /usr/local/webserver/mysql/
    $ cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld 
    $ chkconfig --add mysqld 
    $ chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on

6、启动mysql服务器

$ service mysqld start

![mysql4][]

7、连接 MySQL

$ /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p

![mysql5][]

## 修改MySQL用户密码 ##

mysqladmin -u用户名 -p旧密码 password 新密码

或进入mysql命令行

SET PASSWORD FOR '用户名'@'主机' = PASSWORD(‘密码');

创建新用户并授权:

grant all privileges on *.* to 用户名@'%' identified by '密码' with grant option;

### 其他命令 ###

*  启动：service mysqld start
 *  停止：service mysqld stop
 *  重启：service mysqld restart
 *  重载配置：service mysqld reload

[Nginx 安装配置][Nginx]

##  ##

1 篇笔记

1.     li1121567428
    
      li1\*\*\*567428@live.com
    
    启动MySQL服务器程序，确认状态
    
    1）启动MySQL服务程序
    
    启动服务并查看状态：
    
        [root@dbsvr1 pub]# service mysql start
        Starting MySQL...                                     [确定]
        [root@dbsvr1 pub]# service mysql status
        MySQL running (31724)                                 [确定]
    
    服务器进程为mysqld，监听的默认端口为TCP 3306：
    
        [root@dbsvr1 pub]# netstat -anpt | grep mysql
        tcp        0      0 :::3306        :::*       LISTEN      31724/mysqld
    
    2）查看MySQL服务器进程、运行用户
    
    提供连接服务的进程为mysqld，由其父进程mysqld\_safe启动。
    
        [root@dbsvr1 pub]# ps -elf | grep mysqld
        
        4 S root     31619     1  0  80   0 -  2834 wait   15:14 pts/0    00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --pid file=/var/lib/mysql/dbsvr1.tarena.com.pid
        
        4 S mysql    31724 31619  0  80   0 - 252496 poll_s 15:14 pts/0   00:00:01 /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/var/lib/mysql/dbsvr1.tarena.com.err --pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/dbsvr1.tarena.com.pid
    
    数据库的默认存放位置为 /var/lib/mysql：
    
        [root@dbsvr1 pub]# ls /var/lib/mysql/
        auto.cnf               ibdata1      mysql               RPM_UPGRADE_HISTORY
        dbsvr1.tarena.com.err  ib_logfile0  mysql.sock          RPM_UPGRADE_MARKER-LAST
        dbsvr1.tarena.com.pid  ib_logfile1  performance_schema  test
    
    li1121567428
    
       li1121567428
    
      li1\*\*\*567428@live.com
    
    10个月前 (07-01)

[http_www.cmake.org_files_v3.1_cmake-3.1.1.tar.gz]: http://www.cmake.org/files/v3.1/cmake-3.1.1.tar.gz
[mysql1]: /images/20220526/48827209af6940cdb9d9d80335b5a4ec.png
[http_dev.mysql.com_get_Downloads_MySQL-5.6_mysql-5.6.15.tar.gz]: http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.15.tar.gz
[mysql2]: /images/20220526/9d639349e65a4368907f0a8750ef84f8.png
[mysql3]: /images/20220526/4258fa5e570641188a5d946b10547e9a.png
[mysql4]: /images/20220526/e9febef42f5940f08ac96ee1305327a0.png
[mysql5]: /images/20220526/767b7b6c752a47c39b6d55670b2a422a.png
[Nginx]: http://www.runoob.com/linux/nginx-install-setup.html