Eclipse使用Maven搭建Java Web项目并直接部署Tomcat

你的名字 2022-05-26 10:43 199阅读 0赞

#  #

*  [准备][Link 1]
    
     *  [环境][Link 2]
     *  [安装][Link 3]
     *  [整合Eclipse Maven][Eclipse Maven]
 *  [创建并配置Maven 项目][Maven]
    
     *  [创建项目][Link 4]
     *  [配置][Link 5]
        
         *  [配置Project Facets][Project Facets]
         *  [配置webxml][webxml]
         *  [配置pomxml][pomxml]
 *  [部署][Link 6]
    
     *  [tomcat配置][tomcat]
     *  [Maven配置][Maven 1]
     *  [项目中的pom配置][pom]
     *  [部署运行项目][Link 7]

# 准备 #

## 环境 ##

windows server 2008   
tomcat 8.5.16   
maven 3.5.0   
jdk 1.8   
Eclipse Jee Neon

## 安装 ##

下面主要说到Maven安装，其他的安装可以在网上找文章：

先下载Maven，地址：[http://maven.apache.org/download.cgi][http_maven.apache.org_download.cgi]

直接点apache-maven-3.5.0-bin.zip下载，然后解压到随便什么目录   
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast]

下载之后，需要配置环境变量，在系统变量里新建：

变量名：MAVEN   
变量值：E:\\Program Files\\apache-maven-3.5.0 （你的Maven目录）

然后在Path变量最后插入:   
;%MAVEN%\\bin

注意：和前面应该是有;分号间隔的   
完成后在命令行李测试：mvn -v   
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 1]

## 整合Eclipse ,Maven ##

现在打开eclipse–Window–preferences–Maven–Installations

点Add…–>>Directory…选择你的Maven目录后Finish

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 2]

然后继续左边选择Maven–User Settings，将两个配置文件目录都设置成Maven目录\\conf\\settings.xml

再点击Update Settings更新配置，点击OK后Maven和Eclipse的整合就完成了

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 3]

# 创建并配置Maven 项目 #

## 创建项目 ##

File–New–Other…   
选择Maven下的Maven Project，Next   
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 4]

保持默认，Next   
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 5]

这里选择webapp，Next   
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 6]

输入包名，工程名，Package可以不填，Finish

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 7]

## 配置 ##

### 配置Project Facets ###

建好之后右击工程–Properties–Project Facets

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 8]

在这里先将Dynamic Web Services的勾去掉，将Java版本改为1.8，点击Apply

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 9]

现在再将Dynamic Web Services勾上，版本改为3.1，同时下面会出现一行字，单击他！   
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 10]

修改里面Content directory为src/main/webapp，并将Generate…勾选，单击OK   
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 11]

可以看的右边有Runtimes选项，单击，选中其中你的Tomcat后单击OK结束设置

### 配置web.xml ###

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 12]

将里面的代码全部改为下面的，保存退出

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
      <display-name>Demo</display-name>
    </web-app>

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### 配置pom.xml ###

先将junit的版本改为4.12，然后在中加入以下代码，用以支持Servlet

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>junit</groupId>
          <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
          <version>4.12</version>
          <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
          <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
          <version>3.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
      </dependencies>

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# 部署 #

## tomcat配置 ##

tomcat中tomcat-user.xml的配置，这里尤其要注意，必须按照官方的来，否则容易出错。我的配置如下：   
在标签中加入以下代码后，保存退出

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## Maven配置 ##

Maven安装目录下的settings.xml的server配置，这里的server就是我们tomcat中tomcat-user.xml文件中的用户名和密码。

<server>
    <id>tomcat8</id>
    <username>tomcat</username>
    <password>t123456</password>
    </server>

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## 项目中的pom配置 ##

这里finalName就是最终部署到tomcat中的项目名称，

<build>
        <finalName>websample</finalName>
        <defaultGoal>package</defaultGoal>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
                <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.2</version>
                <configuration>
                <url>http://127.0.0.1:8080/manager/text</url>
                <username>tomcat</username>
                <password>t123456</password>
                <path>/websample</path>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
      </build>

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注：这里面的path是我们访问的路径(项目名)，里面的username和密码就是tomcat-user.xml中配置的。   
这里的用户名和密码也可以去掉。但是maven中必须配置正确。并且需要指向server中的id(tomcat8)，例如

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
    <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>2.2</version>
    <configuration>
    <url>http://127.0.0.1:8080/manager/text</url>
    <server>tomcat8</server>
    <path>/websample</path>
    </configuration>
    </plugin>

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## 部署运行项目 ##

先运行Tomcat目录下/bin/startup.bat   
然后右击项目Run As–Maven build，在Goals中输入：clean install tomcat7:redeploy

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 13]

单击Run即可运行项目，之后只需单击Maven build即可自动运行。

这时候在[http://localhost:8080/][http_localhost_8080]项目名 即可看到

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 14]

版权

[Link 1]: https://blog.csdn.net/ai_lian_shuo/article/details/77096071#%E5%87%86%E5%A4%87
[Link 2]: https://blog.csdn.net/ai_lian_shuo/article/details/77096071#%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83
[Link 3]: https://blog.csdn.net/ai_lian_shuo/article/details/77096071#%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85
[Eclipse Maven]: https://blog.csdn.net/ai_lian_shuo/article/details/77096071#%E6%95%B4%E5%90%88eclipse-maven
[Maven]: https://blog.csdn.net/ai_lian_shuo/article/details/77096071#%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E5%B9%B6%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AEmaven-%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE
[Link 4]: https://blog.csdn.net/ai_lian_shuo/article/details/77096071#%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE
[Link 5]: https://blog.csdn.net/ai_lian_shuo/article/details/77096071#%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE
[Project Facets]: https://blog.csdn.net/ai_lian_shuo/article/details/77096071#%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AEproject-facets
[webxml]: https://blog.csdn.net/ai_lian_shuo/article/details/77096071#%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AEwebxml
[pomxml]: https://blog.csdn.net/ai_lian_shuo/article/details/77096071#%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AEpomxml
[Link 6]: https://blog.csdn.net/ai_lian_shuo/article/details/77096071#%E9%83%A8%E7%BD%B2
[tomcat]: https://blog.csdn.net/ai_lian_shuo/article/details/77096071#tomcat%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE
[Maven 1]: https://blog.csdn.net/ai_lian_shuo/article/details/77096071#maven%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE
[pom]: https://blog.csdn.net/ai_lian_shuo/article/details/77096071#%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84pom%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE
[Link 7]: https://blog.csdn.net/ai_lian_shuo/article/details/77096071#%E9%83%A8%E7%BD%B2%E8%BF%90%E8%A1%8C%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE
[http_maven.apache.org_download.cgi]: http://maven.apache.org/download.cgi
[SouthEast]: /images/20220526/f7cd2206c0244a87b7e93b3848ab5749.png
[SouthEast 1]: /images/20220526/f352d3c7db3a4f7e83f2e611b15e8735.png
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[SouthEast 13]: /images/20220526/25071e0b0c5a4a95bff53498cd2dbc2f.png
[http_localhost_8080]: http://localhost:8080/
[SouthEast 14]: /images/20220526/58f8df80fd07482ca0d14f8f85255bd7.png