配置keepalived实现Nginx高可用（单主、双主模式）

向右看齐 2022-05-26 02:54 219阅读 0赞

**配置keepalived实现Nginx高可用（单主、双主模式）**

**一、前置条件：**

**(1).Http作为后端web服务器：192.168.88.130:80 test.field.com**

\[root@testconf.d\]\# cat /var/www/html/index.html

<h1>Welcometo Http on test.field.com!!</h1>

<p>If yousee this page,test ok. </p>

<p><em>Thankyou!</em></p>

**(2).Http作为后端web服务器：192.168.88.129:80 web2.field.com**

\[root@web2 ~\]\#cat /var/www/html/index.html

<h1>Welcometo Http on web2.field.com!!</h1>

<p>If yousee this page,test ok. </p>

<p><em>Thankyou!</em></p>

**(3).nginx作为负载均衡服务器：192.168.88.130:8080  test.field.com**

**Nginx配置：实现简单负载均衡**

**Fascgi配置部分可直接删除**

\[root@testnginx\]\# vi nginx.conf

user  nginx;

worker\_processes  1;

error\_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;

pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;

events \{

worker\_connections  1024;

http \{

include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;

default\_type application/octet-stream;

log\_format main  '$remote\_addr - $remote\_user\[$time\_local\] "$request" $http\_host '

'$status $body\_bytes\_sent"$http\_referer" '

'"$http\_user\_agent" "$http\_x\_forwarded\_for"';

access\_log /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

\#    proxy\_cache\_path  /cache/nginx/ levels=1:2keys\_zone=mycache:32m;

fastcgi\_cache\_path /cache/fastcgi/levels=1:1 keys\_zone=fcgicache:10m inactive=3m max\_size=1g;

upstream upservers \{

server 192.168.88.129 weight=1;

server 192.168.88.130 weight=1;

sendfile        on;

\#tcp\_nopush     on;

keepalive\_timeout  65;

\#gzip on;

include /etc/nginx/conf.d/\*.conf;

\[root@test conf.d\]\#vi default.conf

server \{

listen      8080;

server\_name localhost;

add\_header X-Via $server\_addr;

add\_header X-Cache$upstream\_cache\_status;

\#charset koi8-r;

\#access\_log /var/log/nginx/log/host.access.log main;

location / \{

proxy\_pass http://upservers/;

location /field/ \{

\# proxy\_cache mycache;

\# proxy\_cache\_valid 200 1d;

\# proxy\_cache\_valid 301 302 10m;

\# proxy\_cache\_valid any 1m;

\# proxy\_cache\_use\_stale error http\_500http\_502 http\_503 http\_504;

proxy\_pass http://upservers/;

proxy\_set\_header Host      $host;

proxy\_set\_header X-Real-IP $remote\_addr;

proxy\_set\_header        X-Forwarded-For$proxy\_add\_x\_forwarded\_for;

location ~\* \\.(jpg|png|gif)$ \{

\# proxy\_cache mycache;

\# proxy\_cache\_valid 200 1d;

\# proxy\_cache\_valid 301 302 10m;

\# proxy\_cache\_valid any 1m;

\# proxy\_cache\_use\_stale error http\_500 http\_502 http\_503 http\_504;

proxy\_pass http://upservers;

proxy\_set\_header X-Real-IP $remote\_addr;

\#error\_page 404              /404.html;

\# redirect server error pages to the staticpage /50x.html

error\_page  500 502 503 504  /50x.html;

location = /50x.html \{

root   /usr/share/nginx/html;

\# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listeningon 127.0.0.1:80

\#location ~ \\.php$ \{

\#   proxy\_pass   http://127.0.0.1;

\#\}

\# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI serverlistening on 127.0.0.1:9000

location ~ \\.php$ \{

\#       fastcgi\_cache off;

\#开关fastcgi\_cache

fastcgi\_cache fcgicache;

\#fastcgi\_cache：定义使用哪个缓存空间

fastcgi\_cache\_key $host$request\_uri;

\#fastcgi\_cache\_key：定义fastcgi\_cache的key，该例中以请求的URI作为缓存的key，Nginx会取这个key的md5作为缓存文件，如果设置了缓存哈希目录，Nginx会从后往前取相应的位数做为目录

fastcgi\_cache\_min\_uses  1;

\#fastcgi\_cache\_min\_uses：URL经过多少次请求将被缓存

fastcgi\_cache\_use\_stale error  timeout invalid\_header http\_500;

\#fastcgi\_cache\_use\_stale：定义哪些情况下可以使用过期缓存

fastcgi\_cache\_valid 200 10m;

\#fastcgi\_cache\_valid：定义哪些http头要使用缓存

fastcgi\_cache\_valid 302 3m;

fastcgi\_cache\_valid any 1m;

root  /usr/share/nginx/html;

fastcgi\_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;

fastcgi\_index  index.php;

fastcgi\_param  SCRIPT\_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi\_script\_name;

include        fastcgi\_params;

\# deny access to .htaccess files, ifApache's document root

\# concurs with nginx's one

\#location ~ /\\.ht \{

\#   deny  all;

\#\}

**(4).nginx作为负载均衡服务器：192.168.88.131:8080  www.field.com**

**Nginx配置：实现简单负载均衡**

\[root@wwwnginx\]\# vi nginx.conf

upstream upservers \{

server 192.168.88.129 weight=1;

server 192.168.88.130 weight=1;

\[root@wwwnginx\]\#

\[root@wwwconf.d\]\# vi default.conf

location / \{

proxy\_pass http://upservers/;

**二、配置keepalived实现Nginx高可用**

**案例1、配置keepalived实现Nginx高可用**

\[root@testkeepalived\]\# service keepalived stop;ssh www 'service keepalived stop'

停止 keepalived：\[确定\]

\[root@testkeepalived\]\# service keepalived status;ssh www 'service keepalived status'

keepalived 已停

**scp到129web服务器，实现免密ssh**

\[root@test ~\]\#scp -p .ssh/id\_rsa .ssh/authorized\_keys web2:/root/.ssh

root@web2'spassword:

id\_rsa                                                                                                                              100% 1675     1.6KB/s   00:00

authorized\_keys                                                                                                                      100%  401    0.4KB/s   00:00

\[root@test ~\]\#ssh web2

Last login: SunApr 22 23:45:43 2018 from test.field.com

**编辑简单通知脚本**

\[root@testkeepalived\]\# vi notify.sh

\#!/bin/bash

\# Author:MageEdu <linuxedu@foxmail.com>

\# description:An example of notify script

vip=192.168.88.80

contact='root@localhost'

notify() \{

mailsubject="\`hostname\` to be $1: $vipfloating"

mailbody="\`date '+%F %H:%M:%S'\`: vrrptransition, \`hostname\` changed to be $1"

echo $mailbody | mail -s"$mailsubject" $contact

case"$1" in

master)

notify master

exit 0

;;

backup)

notify backup

exit 0

;;

fault)

notify fault

exit 0

;;

\*)

echo 'Usage: \`basename $0\`\{master|backup|fault\}'

exit 1

;;

esac

\[root@testkeepalived\]\# ll

总用量 24

\-rw-r--r-- 1root root 4564 4月  23 00:05 keepalived.conf

\-rw-r--r-- 1root root 3562 4月  22 16:23 keepalived.conf.backup

\-rw-r--r-- 1root root 4212 4月  22 23:59 keepalived.conf.backup01

\-rw-r--r-- 1root root  619 4月  2300:08 notify.sh

注意修改脚本权限，否则无法下发邮件

\[root@test keepalived\]\# chmod +xnotify.sh

\[root@test keepalived\]\#vi keepalived.conf

! ConfigurationFile for keepalived

global\_defs \{

notification\_email \{

root@localhost

notification\_email\_from kaadmin@localhost

smtp\_server 127.0.0.1

smtp\_connect\_timeout 30

router\_id test.field.com

vrrp\_mcast\_group4 224.18.0.200

vrrp\_scriptchk\_maintanance \{

script "\[\[ -f /etc/keepalived/down\]\] && exit 1 || exit 0"

interval 1

\#interval多长时间检查一次

\#如果失败返回1权重-2

weight -2

vrrp\_script chk\_nginx \{

script "killall -0 nginx &>/dev/null"

interval 1

\#interval多长时间检查一次

\#如果失败返回1权重-2

weight -5

vrrp\_instance VI\_1 \{

state MASTER

interface eth0

virtual\_router\_id 51

priority 100

advert\_int 1

authentication \{

auth\_type PASS

auth\_pass 4e78bb3a

virtual\_ipaddress \{

192.168.88.80/16 dev eth0 label eth0:0

track\_script \{

\#track\_script 调用脚本

chk\_nginx

notify\_master"/etc/keepalived/notify.sh master"

notify\_backup "/etc/keepalived/notify.shbackup"

notify\_fault"/etc/keepalived/notify.sh fault"

\[root@test keepalived\]\# scpnotify.sh www:/etc/keepalived/

notify.sh                                                                                                                           100%  619    0.6KB/s   00:00

\[root@test keepalived\]\# scpkeepalived.conf www:/etc/keepalived/

keepalived.conf

**修改备机配置文件**                                                                                                                    100% 4564     4.5KB/s   00:00

\[root@wwwkeepalived\]\# vi keepalived.conf

! ConfigurationFile for keepalived

global\_defs \{

notification\_email \{

root@localhost

notification\_email\_from root@localhost

smtp\_server 127.0.0.1

smtp\_connect\_timeout 30

router\_id www.field.com

vrrp\_mcast\_group4 224.18.0.200

vrrp\_scriptchk\_maintanance \{

script "\[\[ -f /etc/keepalived/down\]\] && exit 1 || exit 0"

interval 1

\#interval多长时间检查一次

\#如果失败返回1权重-2

weight -2

vrrp\_scriptchk\_nginx \{

script "killall -0 nginx &>/dev/null"

interval 1

\#interval多长时间检查一次

\#如果失败返回1权重-2

weight -5

vrrp\_instance VI\_1 \{

state BACKUP

interface eth1

virtual\_router\_id 51

priority 99

advert\_int 1

authentication \{

auth\_type PASS

auth\_pass 4e78bb3a

virtual\_ipaddress \{

192.168.88.80/16 dev eth1label eth1:0

track\_script \{

\#track\_script 调用脚本

chk\_nginx

notify\_master "/etc/keepalived/notify.shmaster"

notify\_backup"/etc/keepalived/notify.sh backup"

notify\_fault"/etc/keepalived/notify.sh fault"

\[root@testkeepalived\]\# service keepalived start;ssh www 'service keepalived start'

正在启动 keepalived：\[确定\]

\[root@testkeepalived\]\# service keepalived start;ssh www 'service keepalived start'

正在启动 keepalived：\[确定\]

\[root@testkeepalived\]\# mail

Heirloom Mailversion 12.4 7/29/08.  Type ? for help.

"/var/spool/mail/root":20 messages 1 new 14 unread

......

>N 20root                  Mon Apr 2323:08  18/687   "test.field.com to be master:192.168.88.80 floating"

& 20

Message 20:

From root@test.field.com Mon Apr 23 23:08:19 2018

Return-Path: <root@test.field.com>

X-Original-To: root@localhost

Delivered-To: root@localhost.field.com

Date: Mon, 23 Apr 2018 23:08:14 +0800

To: root@localhost.field.com

Subject: test.field.com to be master: 192.168.88.80 floating

User-Agent: Heirloom mailx 12.4 7/29/08

Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii

From: root@test.field.com (root)

Status: R

2018-04-2323:08:13: vrrp transition, test.field.com changed to be master

& q

Held 20 messagesin /var/spool/mail/root

You have mail in/var/spool/mail/root

\[root@testkeepalived\]\# ip addr list

1: lo:<LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER\_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

inet6 ::1/128 scope host

valid\_lft forever preferred\_lft forever

2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER\_UP>mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo\_fast state UP qlen 1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:4c:04:cc brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 192.168.88.130/24 brd 192.168.88.255scope global eth0

inet 192.168.88.80/16 scope global eth0:0

inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe4c:4cc/64 scope link

valid\_lft forever preferred\_lft forever

\[root@test ~\]\#tail -f /var/log/keepalived.log

Apr 23 23:08:11test Keepalived\[3853\]: Starting Keepalived v1.2.13 (03/19,2015)

Apr 23 23:08:11test Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[3855\]: Initializing ipvs 2.6

Apr 23 23:08:11test Keepalived\[3854\]: Starting Healthcheck child process, pid=3855

Apr 23 23:08:11test Keepalived\[3854\]: Starting VRRP child process, pid=3856

Apr 23 23:08:11test Keepalived\_vrrp\[3856\]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.88.130 added

Apr 23 23:08:11test Keepalived\_vrrp\[3856\]: Netlink reflector reports IPfe80::20c:29ff:fe4c:4cc added

Apr 23 23:08:11test Keepalived\_vrrp\[3856\]: Registering Kernel netlink reflector

Apr 23 23:08:11test Keepalived\_vrrp\[3856\]: Registering Kernel netlink command channel

Apr 23 23:08:11test Keepalived\_vrrp\[3856\]: Registering gratuitous ARP shared channel

Apr 23 23:08:11test Keepalived\_vrrp\[3856\]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.

Apr 23 23:08:11test Keepalived\_vrrp\[3856\]: Configuration is using : 66502 Bytes

Apr 23 23:08:11test Keepalived\_vrrp\[3856\]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...

Apr 23 23:08:11test Keepalived\_vrrp\[3856\]: VRRP sockpool: \[ifindex(2), proto(112), unicast(0),fd(10,11)\]

Apr 23 23:08:11test Keepalived\_vrrp\[3856\]: VRRP\_Script(chk\_nginx) succeeded

Apr 23 23:08:12test Keepalived\_vrrp\[3856\]: VRRP\_Instance(VI\_1) Transition to MASTER STATE

Apr 23 23:08:12test Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[3855\]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.88.130added

Apr 23 23:08:12test Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[3855\]: Netlink reflector reports IPfe80::20c:29ff:fe4c:4cc added

Apr 23 23:08:12test Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[3855\]: Registering Kernel netlink reflector

Apr 23 23:08:12test Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[3855\]: Registering Kernel netlink commandchannel

Apr 23 23:08:12test Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[3855\]: Opening file'/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.

Apr 23 23:08:12test Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[3855\]: Configuration is using : 7610 Bytes

Apr 23 23:08:13test Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[3855\]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlinkreflector...

Apr 23 23:08:13test Keepalived\_vrrp\[3856\]: VRRP\_Instance(VI\_1) Entering MASTER STATE

Apr 23 23:08:13test Keepalived\_vrrp\[3856\]: VRRP\_Instance(VI\_1) setting protocol VIPs.

Apr 23 23:08:13test Keepalived\_vrrp\[3856\]: VRRP\_Instance(VI\_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0for 192.168.88.80

Apr 23 23:08:13test Keepalived\_vrrp\[3856\]: Opening script file /etc/keepalived/notify.sh

Apr 23 23:08:13test Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[3855\]: Netlink reflector reports IP192.168.88.80 added

Apr 23 23:08:18test Keepalived\_vrrp\[3856\]: VRRP\_Instance(VI\_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0for 192.168.88.80

**www节点：作为backup节点，不分配VIP**

\[root@wwwkeepalived\]\# ip addr list

1: lo:<LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER\_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

inet6 ::1/128 scope host

valid\_lft forever preferred\_lft forever

2: eth1:<BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER\_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo\_fast state UP qlen1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:e3:90:19 brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 192.168.88.131/24 brd 192.168.88.255scope global eth1

inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fee3:9019/64 scopelink

valid\_lft forever preferred\_lft forever

\[root@www ~\]\#tail -f /var/log/keepalived.log

Apr 23 23:08:16www Keepalived\[3638\]: Starting Keepalived v1.2.13 (03/19,2015)

Apr 23 23:08:16www Keepalived\[3640\]: Starting Healthcheck child process, pid=3641

Apr 23 23:08:16www Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[3641\]: Initializing ipvs 2.6

Apr 23 23:08:16www Keepalived\[3640\]: Starting VRRP child process, pid=3642

Apr 23 23:08:16www Keepalived\_vrrp\[3642\]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.88.131 added

Apr 23 23:08:16www Keepalived\_vrrp\[3642\]: Netlink reflector reports IPfe80::20c:29ff:fee3:9019 added

Apr 23 23:08:16www Keepalived\_vrrp\[3642\]: Registering Kernel netlink reflector

Apr 23 23:08:16www Keepalived\_vrrp\[3642\]: Registering Kernel netlink command channel

Apr 23 23:08:16www Keepalived\_vrrp\[3642\]: Registering gratuitous ARP shared channel

Apr 23 23:08:16www Keepalived\_vrrp\[3642\]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.

Apr 23 23:08:16www Keepalived\_vrrp\[3642\]: Configuration is using : 66486 Bytes

Apr 23 23:08:16www Keepalived\_vrrp\[3642\]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...

Apr 23 23:08:16www Keepalived\_vrrp\[3642\]: VRRP\_Instance(VI\_1) Entering BACKUP STATE

Apr 23 23:08:16www Keepalived\_vrrp\[3642\]: Opening script file /etc/keepalived/notify.sh

Apr 23 23:08:16www Keepalived\_vrrp\[3642\]: VRRP sockpool: \[ifindex(2), proto(112), unicast(0),fd(10,11)\]

Apr 23 23:08:17www Keepalived\_vrrp\[3642\]: VRRP\_Script(chk\_nginx) succeeded

Apr 23 23:08:18www Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[3641\]: Netlink reflector reports IP192.168.88.131 added

Apr 23 23:08:18www Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[3641\]: Netlink reflector reports IPfe80::20c:29ff:fee3:9019 added

Apr 23 23:08:18www Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[3641\]: Registering Kernel netlink reflector

Apr 23 23:08:18www Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[3641\]: Registering Kernel netlink command channel

Apr 23 23:08:18www Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[3641\]: Opening file'/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.

Apr 23 23:08:18www Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[3641\]: Configuration is using : 7594 Bytes

Apr 23 23:08:19www Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[3641\]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlinkreflector...

**测试1：主备机Nginx均正常**

**.Windows7访问http://192.168.88.80:8080/**

页面在【Welcome to Http on web2.field.com!!】和【Welcome to Http on test2.field.com!!】之间跳转

**.test机用curl访问http://192.168.88.80:8080/，会依次连接192.168.88.129:80和192.168.88.130:80**

\[root@testkeepalived\]\# curl http://192.168.88.80:8080/

<h1>Welcome to Http on web2.field.com!!</h1>

<p><em>Thank you!</em></p>

\[root@testkeepalived\]\# curl http://192.168.88.80:8080/

<h1>Welcome to Http on test.field.com!!</h1>

<p><em>Thank you!</em></p>

\[root@testkeepalived\]\#

**测试2、关闭test机nginx服务**

\[root@testkeepalived\]\# service nginx stop

停止 nginx：\[确定\]

\[root@test keepalived\]\#ip addr list

1: lo:<LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER\_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

inet6 ::1/128 scope host

valid\_lft forever preferred\_lft forever

2: eth0:<BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER\_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo\_fast state UP qlen1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:4c:04:cc brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 192.168.88.130/24 brd 192.168.88.255scope global eth0

inet6fe80::20c:29ff:fe4c:4cc/64 scope link

valid\_lft forever preferred\_lft forever

You have newmail in /var/spool/mail/root

观察主节点IP可以发现，master节点： Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.88.80removed

\[root@test ~\]\#tail -f /var/log/keepalived.log

Apr 23 23:32:53 test Keepalived\_vrrp\[3856\]:VRRP\_Script(chk\_nginx) failed

Apr 23 23:32:55 test Keepalived\_vrrp\[3856\]:VRRP\_Instance(VI\_1) Received higher prio advert

Apr 23 23:32:55 test Keepalived\_vrrp\[3856\]:VRRP\_Instance(VI\_1) Entering BACKUP STATE

Apr 23 23:32:55 test Keepalived\_vrrp\[3856\]:VRRP\_Instance(VI\_1) removing protocol VIPs.

Apr 23 23:32:55 test Keepalived\_vrrp\[3856\]: Opening scriptfile /etc/keepalived/notify.sh

Apr 23 23:32:55 test Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[3855\]: Netlinkreflector reports IP 192.168.88.80 removed

**www节点，主节点关闭Nginx，VIP流转到backup节点**

\[root@wwwkeepalived\]\# ip addr list

1: lo:<LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER\_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

inet6 ::1/128 scope host

valid\_lft forever preferred\_lft forever

2: eth1:<BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER\_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo\_fast state UP qlen1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:e3:90:19 brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 192.168.88.131/24 brd 192.168.88.255scope global eth1

inet192.168.88.80/16 scope global eth1:0

inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fee3:9019/64 scopelink

valid\_lft forever preferred\_lft forever

观察备节点IP可以发现，VIP流转到backup节点：Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.88.80added

\[root@www ~\]\#tail -f /var/log/keepalived.log

Apr 23 23:32:55 www Keepalived\_vrrp\[3642\]:VRRP\_Instance(VI\_1) forcing a new MASTER election

Apr 23 23:32:56 www Keepalived\_vrrp\[3642\]:VRRP\_Instance(VI\_1) Transition to MASTER STATE

Apr 23 23:32:57 www Keepalived\_vrrp\[3642\]:VRRP\_Instance(VI\_1) Entering MASTER STATE

Apr 23 23:32:57 www Keepalived\_vrrp\[3642\]:VRRP\_Instance(VI\_1) setting protocol VIPs.

Apr 23 23:32:57 www Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[3641\]: Netlinkreflector reports IP 192.168.88.80 added

Apr 23 23:32:57 www Keepalived\_vrrp\[3642\]:VRRP\_Instance(VI\_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth1 for 192.168.88.80

Apr 23 23:32:57 www Keepalived\_vrrp\[3642\]: Opening script file/etc/keepalived/notify.sh

Apr 23 23:33:02 www Keepalived\_vrrp\[3642\]:VRRP\_Instance(VI\_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth1 for 192.168.88.80

**测试网页访问：**

**.Windows7访问http://192.168.88.80:8080/**

页面在【Welcome to Http on web2.field.com!!】和【Welcome to Http on test2.field.com!!】之间跳转

**.test机用curl访问http://192.168.88.80:8080/，会依次连接192.168.88.129:80和192.168.88.130:80**

\[root@testkeepalived\]\# curl http://192.168.88.80:8080/

<h1>Welcome to Http on test.field.com!!</h1>

<p><em>Thank you!</em></p>

\[root@testkeepalived\]\# curl http://192.168.88.80:8080/

<h1>Welcome to Http on web2.field.com!!</h1>

<p><em>Thank you!</em></p>

\[root@testkeepalived\]\#

**测试3、重启nginx，主节点抢占回vip**

\[root@testkeepalived\]\# service nginx start

正在启动 nginx：\[确定\]

\[root@testkeepalived\]\# ip addr list

1: lo:<LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER\_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

inet6 ::1/128 scope host

valid\_lft forever preferred\_lft forever

2: eth0:<BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER\_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo\_fast state UP qlen1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:4c:04:cc brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 192.168.88.130/24 brd 192.168.88.255scope global eth0

inet 192.168.88.80/16 scope global eth0:0

inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe4c:4cc/64 scope link

valid\_lft forever preferred\_lft forever

You have newmail in /var/spool/mail/root

\[root@test keepalived\]\# mail

Heirloom Mailversion 12.4 7/29/08.  Type ? for help.

N 22 root                  Mon Apr 23 23:37  18/687  "test.field.com to be master: 192.168.88.80 floating"

& 22

Message 22:

From root@test.field.com Mon Apr 23 23:37:31 2018

Return-Path: <root@test.field.com>

X-Original-To: root@localhost

Delivered-To: root@localhost.field.com

Date: Mon, 23 Apr 2018 23:37:31 +0800

To: root@localhost.field.com

Subject: test.field.com to be master: 192.168.88.80 floating

User-Agent: Heirloom mailx 12.4 7/29/08

Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii

From: root@test.field.com (root)

Status: R

2018-04-2323:37:31: vrrp transition, test.field.com changed to be master

& q

Held 22 messagesin /var/spool/mail/root

观察主节点IP可以发现，master抢回VIP：Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.88.80 added

\[root@test ~\]\#tail -f /var/log/keepalived.log

Apr 23 23:37:28 test Keepalived\_vrrp\[3856\]:VRRP\_Script(chk\_nginx) succeeded

Apr 23 23:37:29 test Keepalived\_vrrp\[3856\]:VRRP\_Instance(VI\_1) forcing a new MASTER election

Apr 23 23:37:30 test Keepalived\_vrrp\[3856\]:VRRP\_Instance(VI\_1) Transition to MASTER STATE

Apr 23 23:37:31 test Keepalived\_vrrp\[3856\]:VRRP\_Instance(VI\_1) Entering MASTER STATE

Apr 23 23:37:31 test Keepalived\_vrrp\[3856\]:VRRP\_Instance(VI\_1) setting protocol VIPs.

Apr 23 23:37:31 test Keepalived\_vrrp\[3856\]:VRRP\_Instance(VI\_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 192.168.88.80

Apr 23 23:37:31 test Keepalived\_vrrp\[3856\]: Opening scriptfile /etc/keepalived/notify.sh

Apr 23 23:37:31 test Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[3855\]: Netlinkreflector reports IP 192.168.88.80 added

Apr 23 23:37:36 test Keepalived\_vrrp\[3856\]:VRRP\_Instance(VI\_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 192.168.88.80

**www节点：master节点启动Nginx，backup节点VIP移除**

\[root@wwwkeepalived\]\# ip addr list

1: lo:<LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER\_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

inet6 ::1/128 scope host

valid\_lft forever preferred\_lft forever

2: eth1:<BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER\_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo\_fast state UP qlen1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:e3:90:19 brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 192.168.88.131/24 brd 192.168.88.255scope global eth1

inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fee3:9019/64 scopelink

valid\_lft forever preferred\_lft forever

You have newmail in /var/spool/mail/root

观察backup节点可以发现，VIP移除：Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.88.80 removed

\[root@www ~\]\#tail -f /var/log/keepalived.log

Apr 23 23:37:29 www Keepalived\_vrrp\[3642\]:VRRP\_Instance(VI\_1) Received higher prio advert

Apr 23 23:37:29 www Keepalived\_vrrp\[3642\]:VRRP\_Instance(VI\_1) Entering BACKUP STATE

Apr 23 23:37:29 www Keepalived\_vrrp\[3642\]:VRRP\_Instance(VI\_1) removing protocol VIPs.

Apr 23 23:37:29 www Keepalived\_vrrp\[3642\]: Opening scriptfile /etc/keepalived/notify.sh

Apr 23 23:37:29 www Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[3641\]: Netlinkreflector reports IP 192.168.88.80 removed

**三、keepalived实现nginx高可用的双主模型**

**案例2、配置keepalived实现nginx高可用的双主模型**

说明：其基本实现思想为创建两个虚拟路由器，并以两个节点互为主从。

**（1）、www节点，编辑keepalived.conf，添加虚拟路由实例VI\_2**

\[root@wwwkeepalived\]\# vi keepalived.conf

vrrp\_instance VI\_2 \{

state MASTER

interface eth1

virtual\_router\_id 61

priority 100

advert\_int 1

authentication \{

auth\_type PASS

auth\_pass Te7UYb3a

virtual\_ipaddress \{

192.168.88.90/16 dev eth1 label eth1:1

track\_script \{

\#track\_script 调用脚本

chk\_nginx

notify\_master"/etc/keepalived/notify.sh master"

notify\_backup"/etc/keepalived/notify.sh backup"

notify\_fault"/etc/keepalived/notify.sh fault"

**（2）、test节点，编辑keepalived.conf，添加虚拟路由实例VI\_2**

\[root@testkeepalived\]\# vi keepalived.conf

vrrp\_instance VI\_2 \{

state BACKUP

interface eth0

virtual\_router\_id 61

priority 99

advert\_int 1

authentication \{

auth\_type PASS

auth\_pass Te7UYb3a

virtual\_ipaddress \{

192.168.88.90/16 dev eth0 label eth0:1

track\_script \{

\#track\_script 调用脚本

chk\_nginx

notify\_master"/etc/keepalived/notify.sh master"

notify\_backup"/etc/keepalived/notify.sh backup"

notify\_fault"/etc/keepalived/notify.sh fault"

\[root@testkeepalived\]\# service keepalived restart;ssh www 'service keepalived restart'

停止 keepalived：\[确定\]

正在启动 keepalived：\[确定\]

停止 keepalived：\[确定\]

正在启动 keepalived：\[确定\]

**test节点：在虚拟路由实例VI\_1中作为master，占有VI\_1的VIP：192.168.88.80**

\[root@testkeepalived\]\# ip addr list

1: lo:<LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER\_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

inet6 ::1/128 scope host

valid\_lft forever preferred\_lft forever

2: eth0:<BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER\_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo\_fast state UP qlen1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:4c:04:cc brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 192.168.88.130/24 brd 192.168.88.255scope global eth0

inet192.168.88.80/16 scope global eth0:0

inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe4c:4cc/64 scope link

valid\_lft forever preferred\_lft forever

\[root@testkeepalived\]\# mail

Heirloom Mailversion 12.4 7/29/08.  Type ? for help.

"/var/spool/mail/root":27 messages 3 new 19 unread

N 27 root                  Mon Apr 23 23:51  18/687  "test.field.com to be master: 192.168.88.80 floating"

& 27

Message 27:

From root@test.field.com Mon Apr 23 23:51:18 2018

Return-Path: <root@test.field.com>

X-Original-To: root@localhost

Delivered-To: root@localhost.field.com

Date: Mon, 23 Apr 2018 23:51:18 +0800

To: root@localhost.field.com

Subject: test.field.com to be master: 192.168.88.80 floating

User-Agent: Heirloom mailx 12.4 7/29/08

Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii

From: root@test.field.com (root)

Status: R

2018-04-2323:51:18: vrrp transition, test.field.com changed to be master

& q

Held 27 messagesin /var/spool/mail/root

You have mail in/var/spool/mail/root

\[root@test ~\]\#tail -f /var/log/keepalived.log

Apr 23 23:51:16test Keepalived\[11946\]: Stopping Keepalived v1.2.13 (03/19,2015)

Apr 23 23:51:16test Keepalived\_vrrp\[11948\]: VRRP\_Instance(VI\_1) sending 0 priority

Apr 23 23:51:16test Keepalived\_vrrp\[11948\]: VRRP\_Instance(VI\_1) removing protocol VIPs.

Apr 23 23:51:16test Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[11947\]: Netlink reflector reports IP192.168.88.80 removed

Apr 23 23:51:16test Keepalived\[12478\]: Starting Keepalived v1.2.13 (03/19,2015)

Apr 23 23:51:16test Keepalived\[12479\]: Starting Healthcheck child process, pid=12480

Apr 23 23:51:16test Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[12480\]: Initializing ipvs 2.6

Apr 23 23:51:16test Keepalived\[12479\]: Starting VRRP child process, pid=12481

Apr 23 23:51:16test Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[12480\]: Netlink reflector reports IP192.168.88.130 added

Apr 23 23:51:16test Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[12480\]: Netlink reflector reports IPfe80::20c:29ff:fe4c:4cc added

Apr 23 23:51:16test Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[12480\]: Registering Kernel netlink reflector

Apr 23 23:51:16test Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[12480\]: Registering Kernel netlink commandchannel

Apr 23 23:51:16test Keepalived\_vrrp\[12481\]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.88.130 added

Apr 23 23:51:16test Keepalived\_vrrp\[12481\]: Netlink reflector reports IPfe80::20c:29ff:fe4c:4cc added

Apr 23 23:51:16test Keepalived\_vrrp\[12481\]: Registering Kernel netlink reflector

Apr 23 23:51:16test Keepalived\_vrrp\[12481\]: Registering Kernel netlink command channel

Apr 23 23:51:16test Keepalived\_vrrp\[12481\]: Registering gratuitous ARP shared channel

Apr 23 23:51:16test Keepalived\_vrrp\[12481\]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.

Apr 23 23:51:16test Keepalived\_vrrp\[12481\]: Configuration is using : 71723 Bytes

Apr 23 23:51:16test Keepalived\_vrrp\[12481\]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...

Apr 23 23:51:16test Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[12480\]: Opening file'/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.

Apr 23 23:51:16test Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[12480\]: Configuration is using : 7940 Bytes

Apr 23 23:51:16test Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[12480\]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlinkreflector...

Apr 23 23:51:16test Keepalived\_vrrp\[12481\]: VRRP\_Instance(VI\_2) Entering BACKUP STATE

Apr 23 23:51:16test Keepalived\_vrrp\[12481\]: Opening script file /etc/keepalived/notify.sh

Apr 23 23:51:16test Keepalived\_vrrp\[12481\]: VRRP sockpool: \[ifindex(2), proto(112),unicast(0), fd(10,11)\]

Apr 23 23:51:16test Keepalived\_vrrp\[12481\]: VRRP\_Script(chk\_nginx) succeeded

Apr 23 23:51:17test Keepalived\_vrrp\[12481\]: VRRP\_Instance(VI\_2) Transition to MASTER STATE

Apr 23 23:51:17test Keepalived\_vrrp\[12481\]: VRRP\_Instance(VI\_2) Received higher prio advert

Apr 23 23:51:17test Keepalived\_vrrp\[12481\]: VRRP\_Instance(VI\_2) Entering BACKUP STATE

Apr 23 23:51:17test Keepalived\_vrrp\[12481\]: Opening script file /etc/keepalived/notify.sh

Apr 23 23:51:17test Keepalived\_vrrp\[12481\]: VRRP\_Instance(VI\_1) Transition to MASTER STATE

Apr 23 23:51:18test Keepalived\_vrrp\[12481\]: VRRP\_Instance(VI\_1) Entering MASTER STATE

Apr 23 23:51:18test Keepalived\_vrrp\[12481\]: VRRP\_Instance(VI\_1) setting protocol VIPs.

Apr 23 23:51:18test Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[12480\]: Netlink reflector reports IP192.168.88.80 added

Apr 23 23:51:18test Keepalived\_vrrp\[12481\]: VRRP\_Instance(VI\_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs oneth0 for 192.168.88.80

Apr 23 23:51:18test Keepalived\_vrrp\[12481\]: Opening script file /etc/keepalived/notify.sh

Apr 23 23:51:23test Keepalived\_vrrp\[12481\]: VRRP\_Instance(VI\_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs oneth0 for 192.168.88.80

**www节点：在虚拟路由实例VI\_2中作为master，占有VI\_2的VIP：192.168.88.90**

\[root@wwwkeepalived\]\# ip addr list

1: lo:<LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER\_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

inet6 ::1/128 scope host

valid\_lft forever preferred\_lft forever

2: eth1:<BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER\_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo\_fast state UP qlen1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:e3:90:19 brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 192.168.88.131/24 brd 192.168.88.255scope global eth1

inet192.168.88.90/16 scope global eth1:1

inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fee3:9019/64 scopelink

valid\_lft forever preferred\_lft forever

You have newmail in /var/spool/mail/root

\[root@wwwkeepalived\]\# mail

Heirloom Mailversion 12.4 7/29/08.  Type ? for help.

"/var/spool/mail/root":50 messages 4 new 42 unread

N 50 root                  Mon Apr 23 23:51  18/680  "www.field.com to be master: 192.168.88.90 floating"

& 50

Message 50:

From root@www.field.com Mon Apr 23 23:51:18 2018

Return-Path: <root@www.field.com>

X-Original-To: root@localhost

Delivered-To: root@localhost.field.com

Date: Mon, 23 Apr 2018 23:51:18 +0800

To: root@localhost.field.com

Subject: www.field.com to be master: 192.168.88.90 floating

User-Agent: Heirloom mailx 12.4 7/29/08

Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii

From: root@www.field.com (root)

Status: R

2018-04-2323:51:18: vrrp transition, www.field.com changed to be master

& q

Held 50 messagesin /var/spool/mail/root

\[root@www ~\]\# tail -f /var/log/keepalived.log

Apr 23 23:51:16www Keepalived\_vrrp\[11512\]: VRRP\_Instance(VI\_2) sending 0 priority

Apr 23 23:51:16www Keepalived\[11510\]: Stopping Keepalived v1.2.13 (03/19,2015)

Apr 23 23:51:16www Keepalived\_vrrp\[11512\]: VRRP\_Instance(VI\_2) removing protocol VIPs.

Apr 23 23:51:16www Keepalived\[12042\]: Starting Keepalived v1.2.13 (03/19,2015)

Apr 23 23:51:16www Keepalived\[12043\]: Starting Healthcheck child process, pid=12044

Apr 23 23:51:16www Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[12044\]: Initializing ipvs 2.6

Apr 23 23:51:16www Keepalived\[12043\]: Starting VRRP child process, pid=12045

Apr 23 23:51:16www Keepalived\_vrrp\[12045\]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.88.131 added

Apr 23 23:51:16www Keepalived\_vrrp\[12045\]: Netlink reflector reports IPfe80::20c:29ff:fee3:9019 added

Apr 23 23:51:16www Keepalived\_vrrp\[12045\]: Registering Kernel netlink reflector

Apr 23 23:51:16www Keepalived\_vrrp\[12045\]: Registering Kernel netlink command channel

Apr 23 23:51:16www Keepalived\_vrrp\[12045\]: Registering gratuitous ARP shared channel

Apr 23 23:51:16www Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[12044\]: Netlink reflector reports IP192.168.88.131 added

Apr 23 23:51:16www Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[12044\]: Netlink reflector reports IPfe80::20c:29ff:fee3:9019 added

Apr 23 23:51:16www Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[12044\]: Registering Kernel netlink reflector

Apr 23 23:51:16www Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[12044\]: Registering Kernel netlink commandchannel

Apr 23 23:51:16www Keepalived\_vrrp\[12045\]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.

Apr 23 23:51:16www Keepalived\_vrrp\[12045\]: Configuration is using : 71709 Bytes

Apr 23 23:51:16www Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[12044\]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.

Apr 23 23:51:16www Keepalived\_vrrp\[12045\]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...

Apr 23 23:51:16www Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[12044\]: Configuration is using : 7926 Bytes

Apr 23 23:51:16www Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[12044\]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlinkreflector...

Apr 23 23:51:16www Keepalived\_vrrp\[12045\]: VRRP\_Instance(VI\_1) Entering BACKUP STATE

Apr 23 23:51:16www Keepalived\_vrrp\[12045\]: Opening script file /etc/keepalived/notify.sh

Apr 23 23:51:16www Keepalived\_vrrp\[12045\]: VRRP sockpool: \[ifindex(2), proto(112), unicast(0),fd(10,11)\]

Apr 23 23:51:17www Keepalived\_vrrp\[12045\]: VRRP\_Script(chk\_nginx) succeeded

Apr 23 23:51:17www Keepalived\_vrrp\[12045\]: VRRP\_Instance(VI\_2) Transition to MASTER STATE

Apr 23 23:51:17www Keepalived\_vrrp\[12045\]: VRRP\_Instance(VI\_2) Received lower prio advert,forcing new election

Apr 23 23:51:18www Keepalived\_vrrp\[12045\]: VRRP\_Instance(VI\_2) Entering MASTER STATE

Apr 23 23:51:18www Keepalived\_vrrp\[12045\]: VRRP\_Instance(VI\_2) setting protocol VIPs.

Apr 23 23:51:18www Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[12044\]: Netlink reflector reports IP192.168.88.90 added

Apr 23 23:51:18www Keepalived\_vrrp\[12045\]: VRRP\_Instance(VI\_2) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth1for 192.168.88.90

Apr 23 23:51:18www Keepalived\_vrrp\[12045\]: Opening script file /etc/keepalived/notify.sh

Apr 23 23:51:23www Keepalived\_vrrp\[12045\]: VRRP\_Instance(VI\_2) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth1for 192.168.88.90

**测试1：主备机nginx均正常**

**.Windows7访问http://192.168.88.80:8080/和 http://192.168.88.90:8080/**

页面在【Welcome to Http on web2.field.com!!】和【Welcome to Http on test2.field.com!!】之间跳转

**.www机用curl访问http://192.168.88.80:8080/，会依次连接192.168.88.129:80和192.168.88.130:80**

\[root@testkeepalived\]\# curl http://192.168.88.80:8080/

<h1>Welcome to Http on web2.field.com!!</h1>

<p><em>Thank you!</em></p>

\[root@testkeepalived\]\# curl http://192.168.88.80:8080/

<h1>Welcome to Http on test.field.com!!</h1>

<p><em>Thank you!</em></p>

\[root@test keepalived\]\#curl http://192.168.88.90:8080/

<h1>Welcome to Http on web2.field.com!!</h1>

<p><em>Thank you!</em></p>

\[root@testkeepalived\]\# curl http://192.168.88.90:8080/

<h1>Welcome to Http on test.field.com!!</h1>

<p><em>Thank you!</em></p>

\[root@testkeepalived\]\#

**测试2、一台机关闭nginx，访问两个虚拟IP地址，仍能正常访问。**

\[root@wwwkeepalived\]\# service nginx stop

停止 nginx：\[确定\]

\[root@wwwkeepalived\]\# mail

>N 51root                  Mon Apr 2323:55  18/680   "www.field.com to be backup:192.168.88.90 floating"

& 51

Message 51:

From root@www.field.com Mon Apr 23 23:55:47 2018

Return-Path: <root@www.field.com>

X-Original-To: root@localhost

Delivered-To: root@localhost.field.com

Date: Mon, 23 Apr 2018 23:55:47 +0800

To: root@localhost.field.com

Subject: www.field.com to be backup: 192.168.88.90 floating

User-Agent: Heirloom mailx 12.4 7/29/08

Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii

From: root@www.field.com (root)

Status: R

2018-04-2323:55:47: vrrp transition, www.field.com changed to be backup

& q

Held 51 messagesin /var/spool/mail/root

\[root@www keepalived\]\# ip addr list

1: lo:<LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER\_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

inet6 ::1/128 scope host

valid\_lft forever preferred\_lft forever

2: eth1:<BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER\_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo\_fast state UP qlen1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:e3:90:19 brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 192.168.88.131/24 brd 192.168.88.255scope global eth1

inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fee3:9019/64 scopelink

valid\_lft forever preferred\_lft forever

\[root@www ~\]\# tail -f /var/log/keepalived.log

Apr 23 23:55:46 www Keepalived\_vrrp\[12045\]:VRRP\_Script(chk\_nginx) failed

Apr 23 23:55:47 www Keepalived\_vrrp\[12045\]:VRRP\_Instance(VI\_2) Received higher prio advert

Apr 23 23:55:47 www Keepalived\_vrrp\[12045\]:VRRP\_Instance(VI\_2) Entering BACKUP STATE

Apr 23 23:55:47 www Keepalived\_vrrp\[12045\]:VRRP\_Instance(VI\_2) removing protocol VIPs.

Apr 23 23:55:47 www Keepalived\_vrrp\[12045\]: Opening scriptfile /etc/keepalived/notify.sh

Apr 23 23:55:47 www Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[12044\]: Netlinkreflector reports IP 192.168.88.90 removed

**test节点：www节点关闭Nginx，VIP192.168.88.80会流转到该主机backup节点**

\[root@testkeepalived\]\# ip addr list

1: lo:<LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER\_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

inet6 ::1/128 scope host

valid\_lft forever preferred\_lft forever

2: eth0:<BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER\_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo\_fast state UP qlen1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:4c:04:cc brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 192.168.88.130/24 brd 192.168.88.255scope global eth0

inet192.168.88.80/16 scope global eth0:0

inet192.168.88.90/16 scope global secondary eth0:1

inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe4c:4cc/64 scope link

valid\_lft forever preferred\_lft forever

\[root@testkeepalived\]\# mail

>N 28root                  Mon Apr 2323:55  18/687   "test.field.com to be master:192.168.88.80 floating"

& 28

Message 28:

From root@test.field.com Mon Apr 23 23:55:49 2018

Return-Path: <root@test.field.com>

X-Original-To: root@localhost

Delivered-To: root@localhost.field.com

Date: Mon, 23 Apr 2018 23:55:49 +0800

To: root@localhost.field.com

Subject: test.field.com to be master: 192.168.88.90 floating

User-Agent: Heirloom mailx 12.4 7/29/08

Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii

From: root@test.field.com (root)

Status: R

2018-04-2323:55:49: vrrp transition, test.field.com changed to be master

& q

Held 28 messagesin /var/spool/mail/root

\[root@test ~\]\#tail -f /var/log/keepalived.log

Apr 23 23:55:47 test Keepalived\_vrrp\[12481\]:VRRP\_Instance(VI\_2) forcing a new MASTER election

Apr 23 23:55:48 test Keepalived\_vrrp\[12481\]:VRRP\_Instance(VI\_2) Transition to MASTER STATE

Apr 23 23:55:49 test Keepalived\_vrrp\[12481\]:VRRP\_Instance(VI\_2) Entering MASTER STATE

Apr 23 23:55:49 test Keepalived\_vrrp\[12481\]:VRRP\_Instance(VI\_2) setting protocol VIPs.

Apr 23 23:55:49 test Keepalived\_vrrp\[12481\]:VRRP\_Instance(VI\_2) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 192.168.88.90

Apr 23 23:55:49 test Keepalived\_healthcheckers\[12480\]:Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.88.90 added

Apr 23 23:55:49 test Keepalived\_vrrp\[12481\]: Opening scriptfile /etc/keepalived/notify.sh

Apr 23 23:55:54 test Keepalived\_vrrp\[12481\]:VRRP\_Instance(VI\_2) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 192.168.88.90

**.Windows7访问http://192.168.88.80:8080/和 http://192.168.88.90:8080/**

页面在【Welcome to Http on web2.field.com!!】和【Welcome to Http on test2.field.com!!】之间跳转

**.www机用curl访问http://192.168.88.80:8080/，和http://192.168.88.90:8080/**

会依次连接192.168.88.129:80和192.168.88.130:80

\[root@wwwkeepalived\]\# curl http://192.168.88.80:8080/

<h1>Welcome to Http on test.field.com!!</h1>

<p><em>Thank you!</em></p>

\[root@wwwkeepalived\]\# curl http://192.168.88.80:8080/

<h1>Welcome to Http on web2.field.com!!</h1>

<p><em>Thank you!</em></p>

\[root@wwwkeepalived\]\# curl http://192.168.88.90:8080/

<h1>Welcome to Http on test.field.com!!</h1>

<p><em>Thank you!</em></p>

\[root@wwwkeepalived\]\# curl http://192.168.88.90:8080/

<h1>Welcome to Http on web2.field.com!!</h1>

<p><em>Thank you!</em></p>

配置keepalived实现Nginx高可用（单主、双主模式）

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