CentOS 7 服务器基本环境搭建-蒲公英云

JDK

前往 Oracle 官方网下载 JDK 8
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html

使用 scp 或 ftp 将安装包上传服务器

scp -P 22 /{userDir}/jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz root@{serverIp}:/opt-P 22 /{userDir}/jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz root@{serverIp}:/opt

SSH 登录服务器

cd /usr
mkdir java
cp /opt/jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz /usr/java/
tar -zxvf jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz
#创建短链接
ln -s /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_161/ /usr/jdkcd /usr
mkdir java
cp /opt/jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz /usr/java/
tar -zxvf jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz
#创建短链接
ln -s /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_161/ /usr/jdk

配置环境变量

vi /etc/profile
#添加以下内容
JAVA_HOME=/usr/jdk
CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib/
PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
export PATH JAVA_HOME CLASSPATH
#立即重启服务器
sudo shutdown -r now
#重新登录服务器
java -version
#看到如下内容配置成功
java version "1.8.0_161"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_161-b12)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.161-b12, mixed mode) /etc/profile
#添加以下内容
JAVA_HOME=/usr/jdk
CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib/
PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
export PATH JAVA_HOME CLASSPATH
#立即重启服务器
sudo shutdown -r now
#重新登录服务器
java -version
#看到如下内容配置成功
java version "1.8.0_161"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_161-b12)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.161-b12, mixed mode)

NGINX

yum 安装

YUM直接安装
yum install nginx

若出现以下提示需添加 repo 源
没有可用软件包 nginx。

添加 nginx 源
rpm -ivh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm

再执行安装
yum install nginx#YUM直接安装
yum install nginx

若出现以下提示需添加 repo 源
没有可用软件包 nginx。

添加 nginx 源
rpm -ivh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm

再执行安装
yum install nginx
以下是Nginx的默认路径：

(1) Nginx配置路径：/etc/nginx/

(2) PID目录：/var/run/nginx.pid

(3) 错误日志：/var/log/nginx/error.log

(4) 访问日志：/var/log/nginx/access.log

(5) 默认站点目录：/usr/share/nginx/html

MYSQL

下载mysql源安装包

wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpmwget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm

安装mysql源

yum localinstall mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpmyum localinstall mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm

检查mysql源是否安装成功yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"

#如下则安装源成功
!mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community                 51
!mysql-tools-community/x86_64      MySQL Tools Community                      63
!mysql57-community/x86_64          MySQL 5.7 Community Server                267#如下则安装源成功
!mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community                 51
!mysql-tools-community/x86_64      MySQL Tools Community                      63
!mysql57-community/x86_64          MySQL 5.7 Community Server                267

可以修改vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo源，改变默认安装的mysql版本。比如要安装5.6版本，将5.7源的enabled=1改成enabled=0。然后再将5.6源的enabled=0改成enabled=1即可
安装mysqlyum install mysql-community-server
启动systemctl start mysqld

查看启动状态systemctl status mysqld显示如下启动成功

● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 五 2018-04-20 09:27:29 CST; 35min ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
 Main PID: 1057 (mysqld)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─1057 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
4月 20 09:27:28 izwz958mrrj1x9plas7b11z systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
4月 20 09:27:29 izwz958mrrj1x9plas7b11z systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 五 2018-04-20 09:27:29 CST; 35min ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
 Main PID: 1057 (mysqld)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─1057 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
4月 20 09:27:28 izwz958mrrj1x9plas7b11z systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
4月 20 09:27:29 izwz958mrrj1x9plas7b11z systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

开机启动

systemctl enable mysqld
systemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl enable mysqld
systemctl daemon-reload

修改root本地登录密码
- mysql安装完成之后，在/var/log/mysqld.log文件中给root生成了一个默认密码。通过下面的方式找到root默认密码，然后登录mysql进行修改
  
  grep ‘temporary password’ /var/log/mysqld.log
  
  2018-04-19T12:17:44.562577Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: fI;#Gle/N7Ey
  
  mysql -uroot -p
  
  ALTER USER ‘root’@’localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘{newPassword}’;
  
  或者
  set password for ‘root’@’localhost’=password(‘{newPassword}’); grep ‘temporary password’ /var/log/mysqld.log
  
  2018-04-19T12:17:44.562577Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: fI;#Gle/N7Ey
  
  mysql -uroot -p
  
  ALTER USER ‘root’@’localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘{newPassword}’;
  
  或者
  set password for ‘root’@’localhost’=password(‘{newPassword}’);
- 注意：mysql5.7默认安装了密码安全检查插件（validate_password），默认密码检查策略要求密码必须包含：大小写字母、数字和特殊符号，并且长度不能少于8位。

添加远程登录用户

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO '{userName}'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '{userPassword}' WITH GRANT OPTION;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO '{userName}'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '{userPassword}' WITH GRANT OPTION;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

配置默认编码 utf-8

vi /etc/my.cnf
#在[mysqld]下添加编码配置，如下所示:
[mysqld]
character_set_server=utf8
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'vi /etc/my.cnf
#在[mysqld]下添加编码配置，如下所示:
[mysqld]
character_set_server=utf8
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'