Quartz+Spring Boot实现动态管理定时任务

迷南。 2022-05-23 13:17 276阅读 0赞

在实践中遇到动态管理定时任务的需求，场景通常是动态添加、更新、删除任务，借助Quartz，可方便实现功能。  
以下使用Quartz结合Spring Boot方式使用。

#### POM依赖 ####

<parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.2.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> 
    </parent>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
            <artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.0</version>
        </dependency>
    
    </dependencies>

#### 代码 ####

**QuartzManager类管理任务的增删改查。**

/**
     * @author wzx
     * @time 2018/6/9
     */
    @Component
    @Scope("singleton")
    public class QuartzManager implements ApplicationContextAware { 
    
        private static SchedulerFactory schedulerFactory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
    
        private static final String JOB_DEFAULT_GROUP_NAME = "JOB_DEFAULT_GROUP_NAME";
    
        private static final String TRIGGER_DEFAULT_GROUP_NAME = "TRIGGER_DEFAULT_GROUP_NAME";
    
        private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(QuartzManager.class);
    
        private ApplicationContext applicationContext;
    
        private Scheduler scheduler;
    
         @Autowired
        private AutowiringSpringBeanJobFactory autowiringSpringBeanJobFactory;
    
        public void start() {
            //启动所有任务
            try {
                this.scheduler = schedulerFactory.getScheduler();
                scheduler.setJobFactory(autowiringSpringBeanJobFactory);
                //启动所有任务,这里获取AbstractTask的所有子类
                Map<String, AbstractTask> tasks = applicationContext.getBeansOfType(AbstractTask.class);
                tasks.forEach((k, v) -> { String cronExpression = v.getCronExpression(); if (cronExpression != null) { addJob(k, v.getClass().getName(), cronExpression); } }); logger.info("start jobs finished."); } catch (SchedulerException e) { logger.error(e.getMessage(), e); throw new RuntimeException("init Scheduler failed"); } } public boolean addJob(String jobName, String jobClass, String cronExp) { boolean result = false; if (!CronExpression.isValidExpression(cronExp)) { logger.error("Illegal cron expression format({})", cronExp); return result; } try { JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob().withIdentity(new JobKey(jobName, JOB_DEFAULT_GROUP_NAME)) .ofType((Class<Job>) Class.forName(jobClass)) .build(); Trigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger() .forJob(jobDetail) .withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(cronExp)) .withIdentity(new TriggerKey(jobName, TRIGGER_DEFAULT_GROUP_NAME)) .build(); scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger); scheduler.start(); } catch (Exception e) { logger.error(e.getMessage(), e); logger.error("QuartzManager add job failed"); } return result; } public boolean updateJob(String jobName, String cronExp) { boolean result = false; if (!CronExpression.isValidExpression(cronExp)) { logger.error("Illegal cron expression format({})", cronExp); return result; } JobKey jobKey = new JobKey(jobName, JOB_DEFAULT_GROUP_NAME); TriggerKey triggerKey = new TriggerKey(jobName, TRIGGER_DEFAULT_GROUP_NAME); try { if (scheduler.checkExists(jobKey) && scheduler.checkExists(triggerKey)) { JobDetail jobDetail = scheduler.getJobDetail(jobKey); Trigger newTrigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger() .forJob(jobDetail) .withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(cronExp)) .withIdentity(new TriggerKey(jobName, TRIGGER_DEFAULT_GROUP_NAME)) .build(); scheduler.rescheduleJob(triggerKey, newTrigger); result = true; } else { logger.error("update job name:{},group name:{} or trigger name:{},group name:{} not exists..", jobKey.getName(), jobKey.getGroup(), triggerKey.getName(), triggerKey.getGroup()); } } catch (SchedulerException e) { logger.error(e.getMessage(), e); logger.error("update job name:{},group name:{} failed!", jobKey.getName(), jobKey.getGroup()); } return result; } public boolean deleteJob(String jobName) { boolean result = false; JobKey jobKey = new JobKey(jobName, JOB_DEFAULT_GROUP_NAME); try { if (scheduler.checkExists(jobKey)) { result = scheduler.deleteJob(jobKey); } else { logger.error("delete job name:{},group name:{} not exists.", jobKey.getName(), jobKey.getGroup()); } } catch (SchedulerException e) { logger.error(e.getMessage(), e); logger.error("delete job name:{},group name:{} failed!", jobKey.getName(), jobKey.getGroup()); } return result; } @Override public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException { this.applicationContext = applicationContext; } }

**定义抽象任务类AbstractTask，实现Job接口，子类Job实例需实现executeInternal方法。**

/** * @author wzx * @time 2018/6/9 */
    public abstract class AbstractTask implements Job { 
    
        private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AbstractTask.class);
    
        protected abstract void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext context);
    
        protected String cronExpression;
    
        @Override
        public void execute(JobExecutionContext context) {
            try {
                executeInternal(context);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                logger.error(e.getMessage(), e);
                logger.error("job execute failed!");
            }
        }
    
        public String getCronExpression() {
            return cronExpression;
        }
    }

**测试TestTask类，继承AbstractTask类，实现executeInternal方法。**

/** * @author wzx * @time 2018/6/9 */
    @Component("testTask")
    public class TestTask extends AbstractTask { 
    
        private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TestTask.class);
    
        @PostConstruct
        public void init() {
            this.cronExpression = "0/2 * * * * ? ";
        }
    
        @Override
        protected void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext context) {
            logger.info("test task start execute.");
            try {
                TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(3);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                logger.info("test task execute interrupted.");
            }
            logger.info("test task execute end.");
        }
    }

**测试用例，测试增加、更新、删除功能。**

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
    @SpringBootTest
    public class SpringbootdemoApplicationTests {
    
        private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SpringbootdemoApplicationTests.class);
    
        @Autowired
        private QuartzManager quartzManager;
    
        @Autowired
        private TestTask testTask;
    
        @Test
        public void testCronTest() throws InterruptedException {
            quartzManager.start();
            TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(10);
            logger.info("start update job");
            //修改任务
            quartzManager.updateJob("testTask", "0/3 * * * * ? ");
            logger.info("end update job");
            TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(10);
            logger.info("start delete job");
            //删除任务
            quartzManager.deleteJob("testTask");
            logger.info("end delete job");
            TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(10);
            //添加任务
            logger.info("start add job");
            quartzManager.addJob("testTask", testTask.getClass().getName(), "0/3 * * * * ?");
            logger.info("end add job");
            TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(10);
            //修改任务
            logger.info("start update job");
            quartzManager.updateJob("testTask", "0/3 * * * * ?");
            logger.info("end update job");
            TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(10);
            //删除任务
            logger.info("start delete job");
            quartzManager.deleteJob("testTask");
            logger.info("end delete job");
            logger.info("end.");
        }
    
    }

**结果输出，符合预期。**

2018-06-09 16:43:58.052  INFO 2884 --- [           main] org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory      : Using default implementation for ThreadExecutor
    2018-06-09 16:43:58.054  INFO 2884 --- [           main] org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool        : Job execution threads will use class loader of thread: main
    2018-06-09 16:43:58.066  INFO 2884 --- [           main] org.quartz.core.SchedulerSignalerImpl    : Initialized Scheduler Signaller of type: class org.quartz.core.SchedulerSignalerImpl
    2018-06-09 16:43:58.066  INFO 2884 --- [           main] org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler          : Quartz Scheduler v.2.3.0 created.
    2018-06-09 16:43:58.066  INFO 2884 --- [           main] org.quartz.simpl.RAMJobStore             : RAMJobStore initialized.
    2018-06-09 16:43:58.067  INFO 2884 --- [           main] org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler          : Scheduler meta-data: Quartz Scheduler (v2.3.0) 'DefaultQuartzScheduler' with instanceId 'NON_CLUSTERED'
      Scheduler class: 'org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler' - running locally.
      NOT STARTED.
      Currently in standby mode.
      Number of jobs executed: 0
      Using thread pool 'org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool' - with 10 threads.
      Using job-store 'org.quartz.simpl.RAMJobStore' - which does not support persistence. and is not clustered.
    
    2018-06-09 16:43:58.067  INFO 2884 --- [           main] org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory      : Quartz scheduler 'DefaultQuartzScheduler' initialized from default resource file in Quartz package: 'quartz.properties'
    2018-06-09 16:43:58.067  INFO 2884 --- [           main] org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory      : Quartz scheduler version: 2.3.0
    2018-06-09 16:43:58.077  INFO 2884 --- [           main] org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler          : Scheduler DefaultQuartzScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED started.
    2018-06-09 16:43:58.077  INFO 2884 --- [           main] c.e.s.service.task.QuartzManager         : start jobs finished.
    2018-06-09 16:43:58.081  INFO 2884 --- [eduler_Worker-1] c.e.s.service.task.TestTask              : test task start execute.
    2018-06-09 16:44:01.082  INFO 2884 --- [eduler_Worker-1] c.e.s.service.task.TestTask              : test task execute end.
    ...
    2018-06-09 16:44:08.077  INFO 2884 --- [           main] c.e.s.SpringbootdemoApplicationTests     : start update job
    2018-06-09 16:44:08.078  INFO 2884 --- [           main] c.e.s.SpringbootdemoApplicationTests     : end update job
    2018-06-09 16:44:09.001  INFO 2884 --- [eduler_Worker-7] c.e.s.service.task.TestTask              : test task start execute.
    2018-06-09 16:44:12.002  INFO 2884 --- [eduler_Worker-7] c.e.s.service.task.TestTask              : test task execute end.
    ...
    2018-06-09 16:44:18.078  INFO 2884 --- [           main] c.e.s.SpringbootdemoApplicationTests     : start delete job
    2018-06-09 16:44:18.078  INFO 2884 --- [           main] c.e.s.SpringbootdemoApplicationTests     : end delete job
    2018-06-09 16:44:28.079  INFO 2884 --- [           main] c.e.s.SpringbootdemoApplicationTests     : start add job
    2018-06-09 16:44:28.079  INFO 2884 --- [           main] org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler          : Scheduler DefaultQuartzScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED started.
    2018-06-09 16:44:28.079  INFO 2884 --- [           main] c.e.s.SpringbootdemoApplicationTests     : end add job
    2018-06-09 16:44:30.001  INFO 2884 --- [eduler_Worker-1] c.e.s.service.task.TestTask              : test task start execute.
    2018-06-09 16:44:33.001  INFO 2884 --- [eduler_Worker-1] c.e.s.service.task.TestTask              : test task execute end.
    ...
    2018-06-09 16:44:38.080  INFO 2884 --- [           main] c.e.s.SpringbootdemoApplicationTests     : start update job
    2018-06-09 16:44:38.080  INFO 2884 --- [           main] c.e.s.SpringbootdemoApplicationTests     : end update job
    2018-06-09 16:44:39.001  INFO 2884 --- [eduler_Worker-4] c.e.s.service.task.TestTask              : test task start execute.
    2018-06-09 16:44:42.003  INFO 2884 --- [eduler_Worker-4] c.e.s.service.task.TestTask              : test task execute end.
    ...
    2018-06-09 16:44:48.080  INFO 2884 --- [           main] c.e.s.SpringbootdemoApplicationTests     : start delete job
    2018-06-09 16:44:48.080  INFO 2884 --- [           main] c.e.s.SpringbootdemoApplicationTests     : end delete job
    2018-06-09 16:44:48.080  INFO 2884 --- [           main] c.e.s.SpringbootdemoApplicationTests     : end.
    2018-06-09 16:44:48.083  INFO 2884 --- [       Thread-2] s.c.a.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext : Closing org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext@1da2cb77: startup date [Sat Jun 09 16:43:57 CST 2018]; root of context hierarchy

> **Job默认由Quartz管理，如果需要使用Spring容器管理bean，也就是依赖注入，需要指定JobFactory，也就是指定将Job由Spring容器管理。**

/** * @author wzx * @time 2018/6/9 */
    @Component
    public class AutowiringSpringBeanJobFactory extends SpringBeanJobFactory implements ApplicationContextAware { 
        private transient AutowireCapableBeanFactory beanFactory;
    
        @Override
        protected Object createJobInstance(TriggerFiredBundle bundle) throws Exception {
            final Object jobInstance = super.createJobInstance(bundle);
            beanFactory.autowireBean(jobInstance);
            return jobInstance;
        }
    
        @Override
        public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
            this.beanFactory = applicationContext.getAutowireCapableBeanFactory();
        }
    }