Spring5源码分析（三） IOC容器的依赖注入— 基于XML的依赖注入（三）

川长思鸟来 2022-05-23 06:15 151阅读 0赞

### 七、BeanDefinitionValueResolver解析属性值 ###

当容器在对属性进行依赖注入时，如果发现属性值需要进行类型转换，如属性值是容器中另一个Bean实例对象的引用，则容器首先需要根据属性值解析出所引用的对象，然后才能将该引用对象注入到目标实例对象的属性上去，对属性进行解析的由 resolveValueIfNecessary 方法实现，其源码如下：

//解析属性值，对注入类型进行转换
    @Nullable
    public Object resolveValueIfNecessary(Object argName, @Nullable Object value) {
        // We must check each value to see whether it requires a runtime reference
        // to another bean to be resolved.
        //对引用类型的属性进行解析
        if (value instanceof RuntimeBeanReference) {
            RuntimeBeanReference ref = (RuntimeBeanReference) value;
            //调用引用类型属性的解析方法
            return resolveReference(argName, ref);
        }
        //对属性值是引用容器中另一个Bean名称的解析
        else if (value instanceof RuntimeBeanNameReference) {
            String refName = ((RuntimeBeanNameReference) value).getBeanName();
            refName = String.valueOf(doEvaluate(refName));
            //从容器中获取指定名称的Bean
            if (!this.beanFactory.containsBean(refName)) {
                throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
                        "Invalid bean name '" + refName + "' in bean reference for " + argName);
            }
            return refName;
        }
        //对Bean类型属性的解析，主要是Bean中的内部类
        else if (value instanceof BeanDefinitionHolder) {
            // Resolve BeanDefinitionHolder: contains BeanDefinition with name and aliases.
            BeanDefinitionHolder bdHolder = (BeanDefinitionHolder) value;
            return resolveInnerBean(argName, bdHolder.getBeanName(), bdHolder.getBeanDefinition());
        }
        else if (value instanceof BeanDefinition) {
            // Resolve plain BeanDefinition, without contained name: use dummy name.
            BeanDefinition bd = (BeanDefinition) value;
            String innerBeanName = "(inner bean)" + BeanFactoryUtils.GENERATED_BEAN_NAME_SEPARATOR +
                    ObjectUtils.getIdentityHexString(bd);
            return resolveInnerBean(argName, innerBeanName, bd);
        }
        //对集合数组类型的属性解析
        else if (value instanceof ManagedArray) {
            // May need to resolve contained runtime references.
            ManagedArray array = (ManagedArray) value;
            //获取数组的类型
            Class<?> elementType = array.resolvedElementType;
            if (elementType == null) {
                //获取数组元素的类型
                String elementTypeName = array.getElementTypeName();
                if (StringUtils.hasText(elementTypeName)) {
                    try {
                        //使用反射机制创建指定类型的对象
                        elementType = ClassUtils.forName(elementTypeName, this.beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader());
                        array.resolvedElementType = elementType;
                    }
                    catch (Throwable ex) {
                        // Improve the message by showing the context.
                        throw new BeanCreationException(
                                this.beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), this.beanName,
                                "Error resolving array type for " + argName, ex);
                    }
                }
                //没有获取到数组的类型，也没有获取到数组元素的类型
                //则直接设置数组的类型为Object
                else {
                    elementType = Object.class;
                }
            }
            //创建指定类型的数组
            return resolveManagedArray(argName, (List<?>) value, elementType);
        }
        //解析list类型的属性值
        else if (value instanceof ManagedList) {
            // May need to resolve contained runtime references.
            return resolveManagedList(argName, (List<?>) value);
        }
        //解析set类型的属性值
        else if (value instanceof ManagedSet) {
            // May need to resolve contained runtime references.
            return resolveManagedSet(argName, (Set<?>) value);
        }
        //解析map类型的属性值
        else if (value instanceof ManagedMap) {
            // May need to resolve contained runtime references.
            return resolveManagedMap(argName, (Map<?, ?>) value);
        }
        //解析props类型的属性值，props其实就是key和value均为字符串的map
        else if (value instanceof ManagedProperties) {
            Properties original = (Properties) value;
            //创建一个拷贝，用于作为解析后的返回值
            Properties copy = new Properties();
            original.forEach((propKey, propValue) -> {
                if (propKey instanceof TypedStringValue) {
                    propKey = evaluate((TypedStringValue) propKey);
                }
                if (propValue instanceof TypedStringValue) {
                    propValue = evaluate((TypedStringValue) propValue);
                }
                if (propKey == null || propValue == null) {
                    throw new BeanCreationException(
                            this.beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), this.beanName,
                            "Error converting Properties key/value pair for " + argName + ": resolved to null");
                }
                copy.put(propKey, propValue);
            });
            return copy;
        }
        //解析字符串类型的属性值
        else if (value instanceof TypedStringValue) {
            // Convert value to target type here.
            TypedStringValue typedStringValue = (TypedStringValue) value;
            Object valueObject = evaluate(typedStringValue);
            try {
                //获取属性的目标类型
                Class<?> resolvedTargetType = resolveTargetType(typedStringValue);
                if (resolvedTargetType != null) {
                    //对目标类型的属性进行解析，递归调用
                    return this.typeConverter.convertIfNecessary(valueObject, resolvedTargetType);
                }
                //没有获取到属性的目标对象，则按Object类型返回
                else {
                    return valueObject;
                }
            }
            catch (Throwable ex) {
                // Improve the message by showing the context.
                throw new BeanCreationException(
                        this.beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), this.beanName,
                        "Error converting typed String value for " + argName, ex);
            }
        }
        else if (value instanceof NullBean) {
            return null;
        }
        else {
            return evaluate(value);
        }
    }
    
    //解析引用类型的属性值
    @Nullable
    private Object resolveReference(Object argName, RuntimeBeanReference ref) {
        try {
            Object bean;
            //获取引用的Bean名称
            String refName = ref.getBeanName();
            refName = String.valueOf(doEvaluate(refName));
            //如果引用的对象在父类容器中，则从父类容器中获取指定的引用对象
            if (ref.isToParent()) {
                if (this.beanFactory.getParentBeanFactory() == null) {
                    throw new BeanCreationException(
                            this.beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), this.beanName,
                            "Can't resolve reference to bean '" + refName +
                            "' in parent factory: no parent factory available");
                }
                bean = this.beanFactory.getParentBeanFactory().getBean(refName);
            }
            //从当前的容器中获取指定的引用Bean对象，如果指定的Bean没有被实例化
            //则会递归触发引用Bean的初始化和依赖注入
            else {
                bean = this.beanFactory.getBean(refName);
                //将当前实例化对象的依赖引用对象
                this.beanFactory.registerDependentBean(refName, this.beanName);
            }
            if (bean instanceof NullBean) {
                bean = null;
            }
            return bean;
        }
        catch (BeansException ex) {
            throw new BeanCreationException(
                    this.beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), this.beanName,
                    "Cannot resolve reference to bean '" + ref.getBeanName() + "' while setting " + argName, ex);
        }
    }

通过上面的代码分析，我们明白了Spring是如何将引用类型，内部类以及集合类型等属性进行解析的，属性值解析完成后就可以进行依赖注入了，依赖注入的过程就是Bean对象实例设置到它所依赖的Bean对象属性上去，在第 6 步中我们已经说过，依赖注入是通过 bw.setPropertyValues 方法实现的，该方法也使用了委托模式，在BeanWrapper接口中至少定义了方法声明，依赖注入的具体实现交由其实现类 BeanWrapperImpl 来完成，下面我们就分析依 BeanWrapperImpl 中赖注入相关的源码。

### 八、BeanWrapperImpl 对Bean属性的依赖注入 ###

BeanWrapperImpl类主要是对容器中完成初始化的Bean实例对象进行属性的依赖注入，即把Bean对象设置到它所依赖的另一个Bean的属性中去。然而，BeanWrapperImpl中的注入方法实际上由AbstractNestablePropertyAccessor 来实现的，其相关源码如下：

//实现属性依赖注入功能
    protected void setPropertyValue(PropertyTokenHolder tokens, PropertyValue pv) throws BeansException {
        if (tokens.keys != null) {
            processKeyedProperty(tokens, pv);
        }
        else {
            processLocalProperty(tokens, pv);
        }
    }
    
    //实现属性依赖注入功能
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    private void processKeyedProperty(PropertyTokenHolder tokens, PropertyValue pv) {
        //调用属性的getter(readerMethod)方法，获取属性的值
        Object propValue = getPropertyHoldingValue(tokens);
        PropertyHandler ph = getLocalPropertyHandler(tokens.actualName);
        if (ph == null) {
            throw new InvalidPropertyException(
                    getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + tokens.actualName, "No property handler found");
        }
        Assert.state(tokens.keys != null, "No token keys");
        String lastKey = tokens.keys[tokens.keys.length - 1];
    
        //注入array类型的属性值
        if (propValue.getClass().isArray()) {
            Class<?> requiredType = propValue.getClass().getComponentType();
            int arrayIndex = Integer.parseInt(lastKey);
            Object oldValue = null;
            try {
                if (isExtractOldValueForEditor() && arrayIndex < Array.getLength(propValue)) {
                    oldValue = Array.get(propValue, arrayIndex);
                }
                Object convertedValue = convertIfNecessary(tokens.canonicalName, oldValue, pv.getValue(),
                        requiredType, ph.nested(tokens.keys.length));
                //获取集合类型属性的长度
                int length = Array.getLength(propValue);
                if (arrayIndex >= length && arrayIndex < this.autoGrowCollectionLimit) {
                    Class<?> componentType = propValue.getClass().getComponentType();
                    Object newArray = Array.newInstance(componentType, arrayIndex + 1);
                    System.arraycopy(propValue, 0, newArray, 0, length);
                    setPropertyValue(tokens.actualName, newArray);
                    //调用属性的getter(readerMethod)方法，获取属性的值
                    propValue = getPropertyValue(tokens.actualName);
                }
                //将属性的值赋值给数组中的元素
                Array.set(propValue, arrayIndex, convertedValue);
            }
            catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
                throw new InvalidPropertyException(getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + tokens.canonicalName,
                        "Invalid array index in property path '" + tokens.canonicalName + "'", ex);
            }
        }
    
        //注入list类型的属性值
        else if (propValue instanceof List) {
            //获取list集合的类型
            Class<?> requiredType = ph.getCollectionType(tokens.keys.length);
            List<Object> list = (List<Object>) propValue;
            //获取list集合的size
            int index = Integer.parseInt(lastKey);
            Object oldValue = null;
            if (isExtractOldValueForEditor() && index < list.size()) {
                oldValue = list.get(index);
            }
            //获取list解析后的属性值
            Object convertedValue = convertIfNecessary(tokens.canonicalName, oldValue, pv.getValue(),
                    requiredType, ph.nested(tokens.keys.length));
            int size = list.size();
            //如果list的长度大于属性值的长度，则多余的元素赋值为null
            if (index >= size && index < this.autoGrowCollectionLimit) {
                for (int i = size; i < index; i++) {
                    try {
                        list.add(null);
                    }
                    catch (NullPointerException ex) {
                        throw new InvalidPropertyException(getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + tokens.canonicalName,
                                "Cannot set element with index " + index + " in List of size " +
                                size + ", accessed using property path '" + tokens.canonicalName +
                                "': List does not support filling up gaps with null elements");
                    }
                }
                list.add(convertedValue);
            }
            else {
                try {
                    //将值添加到list中
                    list.set(index, convertedValue);
                }
                catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
                    throw new InvalidPropertyException(getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + tokens.canonicalName,
                            "Invalid list index in property path '" + tokens.canonicalName + "'", ex);
                }
            }
        }
    
        //注入map类型的属性值
        else if (propValue instanceof Map) {
            //获取map集合key的类型
            Class<?> mapKeyType = ph.getMapKeyType(tokens.keys.length);
            //获取map集合value的类型
            Class<?> mapValueType = ph.getMapValueType(tokens.keys.length);
            Map<Object, Object> map = (Map<Object, Object>) propValue;
            // IMPORTANT: Do not pass full property name in here - property editors
            // must not kick in for map keys but rather only for map values.
            TypeDescriptor typeDescriptor = TypeDescriptor.valueOf(mapKeyType);
            //解析map类型属性key值
            Object convertedMapKey = convertIfNecessary(null, null, lastKey, mapKeyType, typeDescriptor);
            Object oldValue = null;
            if (isExtractOldValueForEditor()) {
                oldValue = map.get(convertedMapKey);
            }
            // Pass full property name and old value in here, since we want full
            // conversion ability for map values.
            //解析map类型属性value值
            Object convertedMapValue = convertIfNecessary(tokens.canonicalName, oldValue, pv.getValue(),
                    mapValueType, ph.nested(tokens.keys.length));
            //将解析后的key和value值赋值给map集合属性
            map.put(convertedMapKey, convertedMapValue);
        }
    
        else {
            throw new InvalidPropertyException(getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + tokens.canonicalName,
                    "Property referenced in indexed property path '" + tokens.canonicalName +
                    "' is neither an array nor a List nor a Map; returned value was [" + propValue + "]");
        }
    }
    
    private Object getPropertyHoldingValue(PropertyTokenHolder tokens) {
        // Apply indexes and map keys: fetch value for all keys but the last one.
        Assert.state(tokens.keys != null, "No token keys");
        PropertyTokenHolder getterTokens = new PropertyTokenHolder(tokens.actualName);
        getterTokens.canonicalName = tokens.canonicalName;
        getterTokens.keys = new String[tokens.keys.length - 1];
        System.arraycopy(tokens.keys, 0, getterTokens.keys, 0, tokens.keys.length - 1);
    
        Object propValue;
        try {
            //获取属性值
            propValue = getPropertyValue(getterTokens);
        }
        catch (NotReadablePropertyException ex) {
            throw new NotWritablePropertyException(getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + tokens.canonicalName,
                    "Cannot access indexed value in property referenced " +
                    "in indexed property path '" + tokens.canonicalName + "'", ex);
        }
    
        if (propValue == null) {
            // null map value case
            if (isAutoGrowNestedPaths()) {
                int lastKeyIndex = tokens.canonicalName.lastIndexOf('[');
                getterTokens.canonicalName = tokens.canonicalName.substring(0, lastKeyIndex);
                propValue = setDefaultValue(getterTokens);
            }
            else {
                throw new NullValueInNestedPathException(getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + tokens.canonicalName,
                        "Cannot access indexed value in property referenced " +
                        "in indexed property path '" + tokens.canonicalName + "': returned null");
            }
        }
        return propValue;
    }

通过对上面注入依赖代码的分析，我们已经明白了Spring IOC容器是如何将属性的值注入到 Bean 实例对象中去的：  
(1).对于集合类型的属性，将其属性值解析为目标类型的集合后直接赋值给属性。  
(2).对于非集合类型的属性，大量使用了JDK的反射和内省机制，通过属性的 getter 方法(readerMethod)获取指定属性注入以前的值，同时调用属性的 setter 方法(writerMethod)为属性设置注入后的值。看到这里相信很多人都明白了 Spring 的setter注入原理。

下面基于XML依赖注入的时序图：

![这里写图片描述][70]

至此 Spring IOC 容器对Bean定义资源文件的定位，载入、解析和依赖注入已经全部分析完毕，现在Spring IOC容器中管理了一系列靠依赖关系联系起来的Bean，程序不需要应用自己手动创建所需的对象，Spring IOC容器会在我们使用的时候自动为我们创建，并且为我们注入好相关的依赖，这就是Spring 核心功能的控制反转和依赖注入的相关功能。

Spring5源码分析（三） IOC容器的依赖注入—基于XML的依赖注入 文章比较长所以分几篇来写，此篇为第三篇！也是最后一篇！

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[70]: /images/20220523/ee4d1797b26947a4bdae8dc7f66746a1.png