使用Docker安装Mysql

你的名字 2022-05-23 04:40 177阅读 0赞

最近使用阿里云服务器，学习一下Docker，今天学着使用Docker安装MySQL。

首先，从阿里云的Docker Hub 上pull一个MySQL的image.

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[centos@loovelj~]$ docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/acs-sample/mysql:5.7
    5.7: Pulling from acs-sample/mysql
    d4bce7fd68df: Pull complete 
    a3ed95caeb02: Pull complete 
    01588229585e: Pull complete 
    ada32b818a1a: Pull complete 
    ac7528e308ac: Pull complete 
    44e3fb8779c7: Pull complete 
    bfcca86efc6a: Pull complete 
    32da415dff2e: Pull complete 
    aae6d9712a36: Pull complete 
    3148136ce9cc: Pull complete 
    Digest: sha256:32ff2f404c3bd199aaec2e6d19d91d59673e40d7394732124f91dd72a2e1ed97
    Status: Downloaded newer image for registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/acs-sample/mysql:5.7

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查看下载镜像，就会看到已经有了

[centos@loovelj~]$ docker images
    REPOSITORY                                           TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
    test/ubuntu                                          v1.0                523e7db0e264        11 minutes ago      98.3MB
    ubuntu                                               latest              dd6f76d9cc90        7 days ago          122MB
    hello-world                                          latest              725dcfab7d63        8 days ago          1.84kB
    registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/acs-sample/mysql   5.7                 ec7e75e5260c        23 months ago       360MB

名字太长，修改为短的tag

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[centos@loovelj~]$ docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/acs-sample/mysql:5.7 mysql:5.7 [centos@loovelj~]$ docker images
    REPOSITORY                                           TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
    test/ubuntu                                          v1.0                523e7db0e264        12 minutes ago      98.3MB
    ubuntu                                               latest              dd6f76d9cc90        7 days ago          122MB
    hello-world                                          latest              725dcfab7d63        8 days ago          1.84kB
    mysql                                                5.7                 ec7e75e5260c        23 months ago       360MB
    registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/acs-sample/mysql   5.7                 ec7e75e5260c        23 months ago       360MB

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根据镜像创建容器

[centos@loovelj~]$ docker create -it mysql:5.7
    62c975b37ad25b03914eb61e05088019f37ff9cb049a682ac02f20fac1761a4d

启动MySQL容器

[centos@loovelj~]$ docker run --name mysqlserver -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=sgcc -d -i -p 3306:3306  mysql:5.7
    2a7a85124400be6fd47e0d97cf5d602456b1db1a11c6331747fe662481eea537
    [centos@loovelj~]$ docker ps
    CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                    NAMES
    2a7a85124400        mysql:5.7           "/entrypoint.sh my..."   9 seconds ago       Up 8 seconds        0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp   mysqlserver
    188099665d1e        ubuntu:latest       "/bin/bash"              23 hours ago        Up 23 hours                                  angry_spence

进入MySQL终端

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[centos@liujun ~]$ docker exec -it  2a7a85124400  /bin/bash
    root@2a7a85124400:/# mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -u root -p 
    Enter password: 
    Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
    Your MySQL connection id is 2
    Server version: 5.7.9 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
    
    Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
    
    Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    owners.
    
    Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
    
    mysql>

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3.访问Mysql数据库  
由于我们在上面使用了-p参数映射了容器的3306端口到宿主机的3306端口，此时我们可以直接访问宿主机的3306端口来访问Docker中的mysql服务  
mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -u root -p

其中，mysql 报错，我就在本机重新安装mysql，参照阿里云教程。

但是启动mysql时报错

[root@loovelj support-files]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
    Starting MySQL...The server quit without updating PID file [FAILED]cal/mysql/data/liujun.pid).

经过查询，发现已经有一个运行的mysql。关闭后再重启

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[root@liujun support-files]# ps -ef|grep mysqld
    root     10803  9758  0 13:26 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysqld
    [root@liujun support-files]# kill -9 10803
    bash: kill: (10803) - No such process
    [root@liujun support-files]# kill -9 9758
    Killed
    [root@liujun mysql]#  /etc/init.d/mysqld start
    Starting MySQL.

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再执行mysql时，发现还是报错，查询原因是启动项不在/usr/bin下面。

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin　做个链接即可

后来发现环境变量修改了，但是好像没有保存好，mysqladmin 命令还是不能用，所以又重新保存环境变量

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[centos@liujun ~]$ vim ~/.bash_profile
    
    #PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/apache/bin
    #添加以下列
    PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib
    #:wq 保存退出
    [centos@liujun ~]$ source ~/.bash_profile

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再次运行（第二天再次尝试的，上次的容器已经退出了）docker run

[centos@liujun ~]$ docker run --name mysqlserver -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=sgcc -d -i -p 3306:3306  mysql:5.7
    0cc2009d1d367903a0d4e47a6e69af1bc41e409e194a231b6dd1193cc27bf716
    docker: Error response from daemon: driver failed programming external connectivity on endpoint mysqlserver (4e7ecdbc87918be626ac8920214ed76386784c83b572f5cd5d3ff0d46d453bb6): Error starting userland proxy: listen tcp 0.0.0.0:3306: bind: address already in use.

发现已经存在这个容器，只好删除了重新建立容器

[centos@liujun ~]$ docker rm mysqlserver
    mysqlserver
    [centos@liujun ~]$ docker run --name mysqlserver -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=sgcc -d -i -p 3306:3306  mysql:5.7
    9455dbd9c9128e51eee84c29d356fb5dff8d31762179ec2585c563ead08ad413

按照教程，通过mysql 远程连接就好了，但是说端口已经占有，估计是自己的mysql打开了，关闭本机的mysql

[centos@liujun ~]$ docker run --name mysqlserver -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=sgcc -d -i -p 3306:3306  mysql:5.7
    0cc2009d1d367903a0d4e47a6e69af1bc41e409e194a231b6dd1193cc27bf716
    docker: Error response from daemon: driver failed programming external connectivity on endpoint mysqlserver 
    (4e7ecdbc87918be626ac8920214ed76386784c83b572f5cd5d3ff0d46d453bb6): Error starting userland proxy: listen tcp 0.0.0.0:3306: bind: address already in use.

[centos@liujun ~]$ sudo /etc/init.d/mysql stop
    [sudo] password for centos: 
    sudo: /etc/init.d/mysql: command not found
    [centos@liujun ~]$ sudo /etc/init.d/mysqld stop
    Shutting down MySQL..                                      [  OK  ]

最后再执行连接

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[centos@liujun ~]$ mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -u root -p 
    Enter password: 
    Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
    Your MySQL connection id is 3
    Server version: 5.7.9 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
    
    Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
    
    Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    owners.
    
    Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
    
    mysql>

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

成功！

参考：[  
][Link 1]

[http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog\_7f2ac7b70102vpyl.html][http_blog.sina.com.cn_s_blog_7f2ac7b70102vpyl.html]

[http://www.cnblogs.com/xiohao/p/5377609.html][http_www.cnblogs.com_xiohao_p_5377609.html]

[https://help.aliyun.com/document\_detail/50774.html][https_help.aliyun.com_document_detail_50774.html]

关于IP的设置

[https://severalnines.com/blog/mysql-docker-containers-understanding-basics][https_severalnines.com_blog_mysql-docker-containers-understanding-basics]

[copycode.gif]: /images/20220523/649f2d83c31e4955ad288ddb2b7513b2.png
[Link 1]: http://www.cnblogs.com/aomi/p/7590887.html
[http_blog.sina.com.cn_s_blog_7f2ac7b70102vpyl.html]: http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_7f2ac7b70102vpyl.html
[http_www.cnblogs.com_xiohao_p_5377609.html]: http://www.cnblogs.com/xiohao/p/5377609.html
[https_help.aliyun.com_document_detail_50774.html]: https://help.aliyun.com/document_detail/50774.html
[https_severalnines.com_blog_mysql-docker-containers-understanding-basics]: https://severalnines.com/blog/mysql-docker-containers-understanding-basics