springmvc进阶（4）：mvc:annotation-driven详解

我会带着你远行 2022-05-23 01:23 173阅读 0赞

在spring中所有的自定义命名空间（像mvc，context等）下的标签解析都是由BeanDefinitionParser接口的子类来完成的。那么就找到`<context:component-scan/>`标签的解析类，看看是如何解析的。

BeanDefinitionParser接口的实现类:  
![这里写图片描述][70]

我们看到有多个AnnotationDrivenBeanDefinitionParser，他们是用来处理不同命名空间下的标签的，我们今天研究的是`<mvc:annotation-driven/>`标签，所以我们找到对应的实现类是**org.springframework.web.servlet.config.AnnotationDrivenBeanDefinitionParser**

对于一个陌生的类，首先要先去看它的Javadoc:

* A {@link BeanDefinitionParser} that provides the configuration for the
 * {@code <annotation-driven/>} MVC namespace element.
 * * This class registers the following {@link HandlerMapping}s:
 * <ul>
 * <li>{@link RequestMappingHandlerMapping}
 * ordered at 0 for mapping requests to annotated controller methods.
 * <li>{@link BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping}
 * ordered at 2 to map URL paths to controller bean names.
 * </ul>
 * * Note: Additional HandlerMappings may be registered
 * as a result of using the {@code <view-controller>} or the
 * {@code <resources>} MVC namespace elements.
 * * This class registers the following {@link HandlerAdapter}s:
 * <ul>
 * <li>{@link RequestMappingHandlerAdapter}
 * for processing requests with annotated controller methods.
 * <li>{@link HttpRequestHandlerAdapter}
 * for processing requests with {@link HttpRequestHandler}s.
 * <li>{@link SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter}
 * for processing requests with interface-based {@link Controller}s.
 * </ul>
 * * This class registers the following {@link HandlerExceptionResolver}s:
 * <ul>
 * <li>{@link ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver} for handling exceptions
 * through @{@link ExceptionHandler} methods.
 * <li>{@link ResponseStatusExceptionResolver} for exceptions annotated
 * with @{@link ResponseStatus}.
 * <li>{@link DefaultHandlerExceptionResolver} for resolving known Spring
 * exception types
 * </ul>
 * * This class registers an {@link org.springframework.util.AntPathMatcher}
 * and a {@link org.springframework.web.util.UrlPathHelper} to be used by:
 * <ul>
 * <li>the {@link RequestMappingHandlerMapping},
 * <li>the {@link HandlerMapping} for ViewControllers
 * <li>and the {@link HandlerMapping} for serving resources
 * </ul>
 * Note that those beans can be configured by using the {@code path-matching} MVC namespace element.
 * * Both the {@link RequestMappingHandlerAdapter} and the
 * {@link ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver} are configured with instances of
 * the following by default:
 * <ul>
 * <li>A {@link ContentNegotiationManager}
 * <li>A {@link DefaultFormattingConversionService}
 * <li>A {@link org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.LocalValidatorFactoryBean}
 * if a JSR-303 implementation is available on the classpath
 * <li>A range of {@link HttpMessageConverter}s depending on what 3rd party
 * libraries are available on the classpath.
 * </ul>

该注释文档说明该解析器向容器中注入了如下组件：

*  **HandlerMapping** ：请求映射  
    **1、RequestMappingHandlerMapping**  
         支持@RequestMapping注解
    
    **2、BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping**  
         将controller类的名字映射为请求url
 *  **HandlerAdapter** : 请求处理  
    **1、RequestMappingHandlerAdapter**  
         处理@Controller和@RequestMapping注解的处理器  
    **2、HttpRequestHandlerAdapter**  
          处理继承了HttpRequestHandler创建的处理器  
    **3、SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter**  
         处理继承自Controller接口的处理器
 *  **ExceptionResolver**：处理异常的解析器  
    **1、ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver**  
    **2、ResponseStatusExceptionResolver**  
    **3、DefaultHandlerExceptionResolver**

代码如下：

@Override
    public BeanDefinition parse(Element element, ParserContext parserContext) {
        ...
        parserContext.registerComponent(new BeanComponentDefinition(handlerMappingDef, methodMappingName));
        parserContext.registerComponent(new BeanComponentDefinition(handlerAdapterDef, handlerAdapterName));
        parserContext.registerComponent(new BeanComponentDefinition(uriCompContribDef, uriCompContribName));
        parserContext.registerComponent(new BeanComponentDefinition(exceptionHandlerExceptionResolver, methodExceptionResolverName));
        parserContext.registerComponent(new BeanComponentDefinition(responseStatusExceptionResolver, responseStatusExceptionResolverName));
        parserContext.registerComponent(new BeanComponentDefinition(defaultExceptionResolver, defaultExceptionResolverName));
        parserContext.registerComponent(new BeanComponentDefinition(mappedCsInterceptorDef, mappedInterceptorName));
    
        // Ensure BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping (SPR-8289) and default HandlerAdapters are not "turned off"
        MvcNamespaceUtils.registerDefaultComponents(parserContext, source);
    
        parserContext.popAndRegisterContainingComponent();
    
        ...
    }

上面省略大量代码,这里只贴出部分注册组件的代码部分。  
其中

// Ensure BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping (SPR-8289) and default HandlerAdapters are not "turned off"
    MvcNamespaceUtils.registerDefaultComponents(parserContext, source);

这个将容器默认mapping和adapter加进来：

public static void registerDefaultComponents(ParserContext parserContext, Object source) {
        registerBeanNameUrlHandlerMapping(parserContext, source);
        registerHttpRequestHandlerAdapter(parserContext, source);
        registerSimpleControllerHandlerAdapter(parserContext, source);
    }

**总结**  
这里来说说配置开启的两个常用的组件，RequestMappingHandlerMapping和RequestMappingHandlerAdapter。

*  **RequestMappingHandlerMapping**是HandlerMapping的实现类，它会在容器启动的时候，扫描容器内的bean,解析带有@RequestMapping  
    注解的方法，并将其解析为url和handlerMethod键值对方式注册到请求映射表中。
 *  **RequestMappingHandlerAdapter**是HandlerAdapter的实现类，它是处理请求的适配器，说白了，就是确定调用哪个类的哪个方法，并且构造方法参数，返回值。

像其实`<context:component-scan/>`标签是告诉Spring容器来扫描指定包下的类，并注册被@Component，@Controller，@Service，@Repository等注解标记的组件相似。 
`<mvc:annotation-driven/>`是告知Spring容器，我们启用注解驱动，支持@RequestMapping注解,这样我们就可以使用@RequestMapping来配置处理器。

[70]: /images/20220523/c9e257b4055c433ba0a04d037f1d60e7.png