Linux 7下MySQL自启动配置(glibc)

落日映苍穹つ 2022-05-22 07:24 256阅读 0赞

使用glibc编译后的mysql二进制安装方法被广泛使用，因为它和Windows下的zip方式一下，简单几个步骤，配置一下环境即可。而在Linux 7版本中，MySQL的自启动，不再建议将启动脚本存放到/etc/init.d目录中，因此，我们需要手动配置一下基于systemd方式的自启动文件。下文供大家参考。

### 一、当前环境 ###

# more /etc/redhat-release 
    CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core) 
    
    安装位置(glibc解压)
    # cd /usr/local/mysql/
    # ls
    bin COPYING data docs include lib man my.cnf README share support-files

### 二、配置mysql systemd服务 ###

Systemd是一个系统管理守护进程、工具和库的集合，用于取代System V初始进程。
    Systemd的功能是用于集中管理和配置类UNIX系统。
    在Linux 7版本中，依旧兼容将启动脚本放到/etc/init.d，但不建议这么做。
    
    由于系统存在基于yum方式安装的mysql，因此可以直接复制重命名后修改mysqld.service
    # cp /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld_glibc.service
    # vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld_glibc.service
    
    修改后的对比
    # diff /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld_glibc.service
    35c35
    < PIDFile=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
    ---
    > PIDFile=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld_glibc.pid
    47c47
    < ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS
    ---
    > ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld_glibc.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS
    
    my.cnf的配置
    # more /etc/my.cnf
    [mysqld]
    basedir=/usr/local/mysql
    datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
    socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
    port=3306
    pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld_glibc.pid
    
    启动mysqld_glibc服务
    # systemctl start mysqld_glibc.service 
    # ps -ef|grep mysql
    mysql 7590 1 23 11:12 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld \
      --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld_glibc.pid
    
    开启自启动
    # systemctl enable mysqld_glibc.service
    
    # mysql -uroot -p -S /tmp/mysql.sock
    Enter password: 
    Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
    Your MySQL connection id is 2
    Server version: 5.7.22 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
    
    Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
    
    Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    owners.
    
    Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
    
    mysql>

### 三、完整的mysqld.service ###

[root@centos7 ~]# grep -Ev "^$|^[#;]" /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld_glibc.service
    [Unit]
    Description=MySQL Server
    Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
    Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
    After=network.target
    After=syslog.target
    [Install]
    WantedBy=multi-user.target
    [Service]
    User=mysql
    Group=mysql
    Type=forking
    PIDFile=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld_glibc.pid
    TimeoutSec=0
    PermissionsStartOnly=true
    ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd
    ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld_glibc.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS
    EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/mysql
    LimitNOFILE = 5000
    Restart=on-failure
    RestartPreventExitStatus=1
    PrivateTmp=false