python 一篇搞定所有的异常处理

短命女 2022-05-21 10:16 192阅读 0赞

转载：https://www.cnblogs.com/wj-1314/p/8707804.html

## 一：什么是异常？ ##

异常即是一个事件，该事件会在程序执行过程中发生，影响了程序的正常执行。

一般情况下，在python无法正常处理程序时就会发生一个异常（异常是python对象，表示一个错误）

异常就是程序运行时候发生错误的信号（在程序出现错误的时候，则会产生一个异常，若程序没有处理他，则会抛出该异常，程序的运行也随之终止），在python中，错误触发的异常如下：

![1226410-20180403143553433-74321044.png][]

而错误分为两种（语法错误和逻辑错误）：

### 1，语法错误（这种错误，根本过不了python解释器的语法检测，必须在程序执行前就改正） ###

### 2，逻辑错误 ###

<table style="border-spacing:0px;border:1px solid #C0C0C0;width:617px;background:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;font-size:12px;min-height:auto;"> 
 <tbody style="background:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
  <tr style="background:none;border-top:0px;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;background:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;font-size:12px;min-height:auto;color:rgb(175,175,175);"> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      1 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      2 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      3 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      4 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      5 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      6 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      7 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      8 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      9 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      10 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      11 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      12 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      13 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      14 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      15 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      16 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      17 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      18 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      19 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      20 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      21 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      22 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      23 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      24 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      25 
    </div></td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;background:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;font-size:12px;min-height:auto;"> 
    <div style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,130,0);">#TypeError:int类型不可迭代</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,255);">for</code>&nbsp; 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">i&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,255);">in</code>&nbsp; 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,153,0);">3</code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">:</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,255);">pass</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,130,0);">#ValueError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">num</code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,255);">=</code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(255,20,147);">input</code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">(</code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">"&gt;&gt;: "</code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">)&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,130,0);">#输入hello</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(255,20,147);">int</code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">(num)</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
       &nbsp; 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,130,0);">#NameError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">aaa</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
       &nbsp; 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,130,0);">#IndexError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">l</code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,255);">=</code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">[</code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">'egon'</code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">,</code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">'aa'</code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">]</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">l[</code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,153,0);">3</code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">]</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
       &nbsp; 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,130,0);">#KeyError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">dic</code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,255);">=</code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">{ </code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">'name'</code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">:</code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">'egon'</code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">}</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">dic[</code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">'age'</code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">]</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
       &nbsp; 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,130,0);">#AttributeError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,255);">class</code>&nbsp; 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">Foo:</code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,255);">pass</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">Foo.x</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
       &nbsp; 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,130,0);">#ZeroDivisionError:无法完成计算</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">res1</code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,255);">=</code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,153,0);">1</code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,255);">/</code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,153,0);">0</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">res2</code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,255);">=</code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,153,0);">1</code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,255);">+</code> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;">'str'</code> 
     </div> 
    </div></td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

## 二：异常的种类有哪些？ ##

在python中不同的异常可以用不同的类型（python中统一了类与类别，类型即类）取标识，一个异常标识一种错误。

### 1，常见语法错误 ###

### 2，更多错误 ###

<table style="border-spacing:0px;border:1px solid #C0C0C0;width:617px;background:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;font-size:12px;min-height:auto;"> 
 <tbody style="background:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
  <tr style="background:none;border-top:0px;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;background:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;font-size:12px;min-height:auto;color:rgb(175,175,175);"> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      1 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      2 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      3 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      4 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      5 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      6 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      7 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      8 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      9 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      10 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      11 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      12 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      13 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      14 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      15 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      16 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      17 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      18 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      19 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      20 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      21 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      22 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      23 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      24 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      25 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      26 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      27 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      28 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      29 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      30 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      31 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      32 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      33 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      34 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      35 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      36 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      37 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      38 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      39 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      40 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      41 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      42 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      43 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      44 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      45 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      46 
    </div> 
    <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      47 
    </div> 
    <div style="background-image:none;border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px;border-right-style:solid;border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108);line-height:1.8em;text-align:right;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;">
      48 
    </div></td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;background:none;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;font-size:12px;min-height:auto;"> 
    <div style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.1em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">ArithmeticError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">AssertionError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">AttributeError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">BaseException</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">BufferError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">BytesWarning</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">DeprecationWarning</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">EnvironmentError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">EOFError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">Exception</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">FloatingPointError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">FutureWarning</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">GeneratorExit</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">ImportError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">ImportWarning</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">IndentationError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">IndexError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">IOError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">KeyboardInterrupt</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">KeyError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">LookupError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">MemoryError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">NameError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">NotImplementedError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">OSError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">OverflowError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">PendingDeprecationWarning</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">ReferenceError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">RuntimeError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">RuntimeWarning</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">StandardError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">StopIteration</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">SyntaxError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">SyntaxWarning</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">SystemError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">SystemExit</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">TabError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">TypeError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">UnboundLocalError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">UnicodeDecodeError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">UnicodeEncodeError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">UnicodeError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">UnicodeTranslateError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">UnicodeWarning</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">UserWarning</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">ValueError</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background:rgb(244,244,244) none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">Warning</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-image:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;"> 
      <code style="background:none;border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,0);">ZeroDivisionError</code> 
     </div> 
    </div></td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

### 3，python所有标准异常类 ###

<table style="border-spacing:0px;border:1px solid #C0C0C0;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:verdana, 'ms song', '宋体', Arial, '微软雅黑', Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:14px;background-color:rgb(255,254,247);"> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <th style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">异常名称</th> 
   <th style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">描述</th> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">BaseException</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">所有异常的基类</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">SystemExit</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">解释器请求退出</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">KeyboardInterrupt</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">用户中断执行(通常是输入^C)</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">Exception</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">常规错误的基类</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">StopIteration</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">迭代器没有更多的值</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">GeneratorExit</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">生成器(generator)发生异常来通知退出</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">SystemExit</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">Python 解释器请求退出</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">StandardError</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">所有的内建标准异常的基类</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">ArithmeticError</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">所有数值计算错误的基类</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">FloatingPointError</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">浮点计算错误</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">OverflowError</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">数值运算超出最大限制</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">ZeroDivisionError</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">除(或取模)零 (所有数据类型)</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">AssertionError</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">断言语句失败</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">AttributeError</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">对象没有这个属性</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">EOFError</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">没有内建输入,到达EOF 标记</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">EnvironmentError</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">操作系统错误的基类</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">IOError</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">输入/输出操作失败</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">OSError</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">操作系统错误</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">WindowsError</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">系统调用失败</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">ImportError</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">导入模块/对象失败</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">KeyboardInterrupt</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">用户中断执行(通常是输入^C)</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">LookupError</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">无效数据查询的基类</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">IndexError</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">序列中没有没有此索引(index)</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">KeyError</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">映射中没有这个键</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">MemoryError</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">内存溢出错误(对于Python 解释器不是致命的)</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">NameError</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">未声明/初始化对象 (没有属性)</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">UnboundLocalError</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">访问未初始化的本地变量</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">ReferenceError</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">弱引用(Weak reference)试图访问已经垃圾回收了的对象</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">RuntimeError</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">一般的运行时错误</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">NotImplementedError</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">尚未实现的方法</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">SyntaxError</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">Python 语法错误</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">IndentationError</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">缩进错误</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">TabError</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">Tab 和空格混用</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">SystemError</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">一般的解释器系统错误</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">TypeError</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">对类型无效的操作</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">ValueError</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">传入无效的参数</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">UnicodeError</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">Unicode 相关的错误</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">UnicodeDecodeError</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">Unicode 解码时的错误</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">UnicodeEncodeError</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">Unicode 编码时错误</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">UnicodeTranslateError</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">Unicode 转换时错误</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">Warning</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">警告的基类</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">DeprecationWarning</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">关于被弃用的特征的警告</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">FutureWarning</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">关于构造将来语义会有改变的警告</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">OverflowWarning</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">旧的关于自动提升为长整型(long)的警告</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">PendingDeprecationWarning</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">关于特性将会被废弃的警告</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">RuntimeWarning</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">可疑的运行时行为(runtime behavior)的警告</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">SyntaxWarning</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">可疑的语法的警告</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">UserWarning</td> 
   <td style="border-color:#C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;">用户代码生成的警告</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

## 三：异常处理的定义 ##

python解释器检测到错误，触发异常（也允许程序员自己触发异常）

程序员编写特定的代码，专门用来捕捉这个异常（这段代码与程序逻辑无关，与异常处理有关）

如果捕捉成功则进入另外一个处理分支，执行你为其定制的逻辑，使程序不会崩溃，这就是异常处理

## 四：异常处理的用法 ##

为了保证程序的健壮性与容错性，即在遇到错误时候程序不会崩溃，我们需要对异常进行处理，

### 1，如果错误发生的条件是可预知的，我们需要用if进行处理，在错误发生之前进行预防 ###

### 2，如果错误发生的条件是不可预知的，则需要用到try..except：在错误发生之后进行处理 ###

## 五，try...except...的详细用法 ##

我们把可能发生错误的语句放在try模块里，用except来处理异常。except可以处理一个专门的异常，也可以处理一组圆括号中的异常，如果except后没有指定异常，则默认处理所有的异常。每一个try，都必须至少有一个except

### 1，异常类只能来处理指定的异常情况，如果非指定异常则无法处理 ###

### 2，多分支 ###