JAVA实现对包含数字、字母、中文的字符串按首字母排序

偏执的太偏执、 2022-05-21 03:41 200阅读 0赞

最近项目中有新的需求，需要对包含数字、字母、中文的字符串按首字母排序。看似简单，但是实现起来却很难。因为这里面包含了中文，不能单纯的取首字母的ASSIC值进行比较。考虑到最终是根据英文字母进行比较的，索性将字符串统统转化成字符串进行处理。具体的代码如下。

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PinyinUtils.java

package com.fangshuo;
    
    import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.PinyinHelper;
    import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.HanyuPinyinCaseType;
    import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.HanyuPinyinOutputFormat;
    import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.HanyuPinyinToneType;
    import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.exception.BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination;
    
    /** * 汉字转换为拼音 * @author Red */
    public class PinyinUtils { 
        /** * 获取字符串拼音的第一个字母 * @param chinese * @return */
        public static String ToFirstChar(String chinese){         
            String pinyinStr = "";  
            char[] newChar = chinese.toCharArray();  //转为单个字符
            HanyuPinyinOutputFormat defaultFormat = new HanyuPinyinOutputFormat(); 
            defaultFormat.setCaseType(HanyuPinyinCaseType.LOWERCASE);  
            defaultFormat.setToneType(HanyuPinyinToneType.WITHOUT_TONE);  
            for (int i = 0; i < newChar.length; i++) {  
                if (newChar[i] > 128) {  
                    try {  
                        pinyinStr += PinyinHelper.toHanyuPinyinStringArray(newChar[i], defaultFormat)[0].charAt(0);  
                    } catch (BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination e) {  
                        e.printStackTrace();  
                    }  
                }else{  
                    pinyinStr += newChar[i];  
                }  
            }  
            return pinyinStr;  
        }  
    
        /** * 汉字转为拼音 * @param chinese * @return */
        public static String ToPinyin(String chinese){          
            String pinyinStr = "";  
            char[] newChar = chinese.toCharArray();  
            HanyuPinyinOutputFormat defaultFormat = new HanyuPinyinOutputFormat();  
            defaultFormat.setCaseType(HanyuPinyinCaseType.LOWERCASE);  
            defaultFormat.setToneType(HanyuPinyinToneType.WITHOUT_TONE);  
            for (int i = 0; i < newChar.length; i++) {  
                if (newChar[i] > 128) {  
                    try {  
                        pinyinStr += PinyinHelper.toHanyuPinyinStringArray(newChar[i], defaultFormat)[0];  
                    } catch (BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination e) {  
                        e.printStackTrace();  
                    }  
                }else{  
                    pinyinStr += newChar[i];  
                }  
            }  
            return pinyinStr;  
        }
    
        /** * 汉字转为拼音并获取大写的首字母; * @param chinese * @return */
        public static String ToPinyinAndGetFirstChar(String chinese){          
            String pinyinStr = "";  
            char[] newChar = chinese.toCharArray();  
            HanyuPinyinOutputFormat defaultFormat = new HanyuPinyinOutputFormat();  
            defaultFormat.setCaseType(HanyuPinyinCaseType.LOWERCASE);  
            defaultFormat.setToneType(HanyuPinyinToneType.WITHOUT_TONE);  
            for (int i = 0; i < newChar.length; i++) {  
                if (newChar[i] > 128) {  
                    try {  
                        pinyinStr += PinyinHelper.toHanyuPinyinStringArray(newChar[i], defaultFormat)[0];  
                    } catch (BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination e) {  
                        e.printStackTrace();  
                    }  
                }else{  
                    pinyinStr += newChar[i];  
                }  
            }  
            return pinyinStr.toUpperCase();
        }  
    }

测试载体Students.java

package com.fangshuo;
    
    public class Students {   
        private int age;  
        private int score;
        private String name;
    
        public Students() {
            super();
        }
    
        public Students(int age, int score, String name) {
            super();
            this.age = age;
            this.score = score;
            this.name = name;
        }
    
        public Students(int age, int score){  
            super();  
            this.age = age;  
            this.score = score;  
        }  
    
        public int getAge() {  
            return age;  
        }  
        public void setAge(int age) {  
            this.age = age;  
        }  
        public int getScore() {  
            return score;  
        }  
        public void setScore(int score) {  
            this.score = score;  
        }
        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }
    
        public void setName(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }  
    
    }

测试类：

package com.fangshuo;
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.Collections;
    import java.util.Comparator;
    import java.util.List;
    
    public class SortTest {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
             List<Students> students = new ArrayList<Students>(); 
             students.add(new Students(23, 100,"阿里azj001")); 
             students.add(new Students(27, 98,"腾讯bzj002")); 
             students.add(new Students(29, 99,"百度dzj003")); 
             students.add(new Students(29, 98,"华为czj004")); 
             students.add(new Students(22, 89,"择天ezj005")); 
    
             students.add(new Students(22, 89,"a择天ezj005")); 
             students.add(new Students(22, 89,"A择天ezj005")); 
    
             students.add(new Students(22, 89,"8择天ezj005")); 
             students.add(new Students(22, 89,"0择天ezj005")); 
    
             students.add(new Students(22, 89,"z择天ezj005")); 
    
             students.add(new Students(22, 89,"_z择天ezj005")); 
             Collections.sort(students, new Comparator<Students>() {  
                 @Override  
                 public int compare(Students o1, Students o2) {
                    Students newo1 = new Students();
                    newo1.setName(PinyinUtils.ToPinyinAndGetFirstChar(o1.getName()));
                    Students newo2 = new Students();
                    newo2.setName(PinyinUtils.ToPinyinAndGetFirstChar(o2.getName()));
                    int i = newo1.getName().substring(0, 1).compareTo(newo2.getName().substring(0, 1));
                     return i;
                 }
             }); 
             for(Students stu : students){  
                 System.out.println("score:" + stu.getScore() + ":age" + stu.getAge()+":name:"+stu.getName()); 
             }  
        }
    }

执行结果如下：  
![这里写图片描述][70]

知识点：  
字符串比较大小，可以使用现有的工具类：int result = str1.compareTo(str2);该方法返回两者的ASSIC 码的差值;

[70]: /images/20220521/f0c4e5f1ba6f47218c577b2df6b74c2f.png