Spring Boot 菜鸟教程 6 全局异常处理

Dear 丶 2022-05-21 01:47 160阅读 0赞

### @ControllerAdvice源码 ###

package org.springframework.web.bind.annotation;
    
    import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
    import java.lang.annotation.Documented;
    import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
    import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
    import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
    import java.lang.annotation.Target;
    
    import org.springframework.core.annotation.AliasFor;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    @Target(ElementType.TYPE)
    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
    @Documented
    @Component
    public @interface ControllerAdvice {
    
        @AliasFor("basePackages")
        String[] value() default {}; 
        @AliasFor("value")
        String[] basePackages() default {};
        Class<?>[] basePackageClasses() default {};
        Class<?>[] assignableTypes() default {};
        Class<? extends Annotation>[] annotations() default {};
    
    }

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### 源码分析 ###

@ ControllerAdvice是一个@ Component，   
用于定义@ ExceptionHandler的，@InitBinder和@ModelAttribute方法，适用于所有使用@ RequestMapping方法，并处理所有@ RequestMapping标注方法出现异常的统一处理。

### 项目图片 ###

![这里写图片描述][20161126001717799]

### pom.xml ###

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <groupId>com.jege.spring.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-controller-advice</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <packaging>jar</packaging>
    
        <name>spring-boot-controller-advice</name>
        <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    
        
        <parent>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.1.RELEASE</version>
            <relativePath />
        </parent>
    
        <properties>
            <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
            <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        </properties>
    
        <dependencies>
    
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
                <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
                <scope>runtime</scope>
            </dependency>
    
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
    
        </dependencies>
    
        <build>
            <finalName>spring-boot-controller-advice</finalName>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                    <configuration>
                        <source>${java.version}</source>
                        <target>${java.version}</target>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    </project>

### 全局异常处理类CommonExceptionAdvice ###

package com.jege.spring.boot.exception;
    
    import java.util.Set;
    
    import javax.validation.ConstraintViolation;
    import javax.validation.ConstraintViolationException;
    import javax.validation.ValidationException;
    
    import org.slf4j.Logger;
    import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
    import org.springframework.dao.DataIntegrityViolationException;
    import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
    import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageNotReadableException;
    import org.springframework.validation.BindException;
    import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
    import org.springframework.validation.FieldError;
    import org.springframework.web.HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException;
    import org.springframework.web.HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.MethodArgumentNotValidException;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.MissingServletRequestParameterException;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseStatus;
    
    import com.jege.spring.boot.json.AjaxResult;
    
    /** * @author JE哥 * @email 1272434821@qq.com * @description:全局异常处理 */
    @ControllerAdvice
    @ResponseBody
    public class CommonExceptionAdvice { 
    
      private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CommonExceptionAdvice.class);
    
      /** * 400 - Bad Request */
      @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST)
      @ExceptionHandler(MissingServletRequestParameterException.class)
      public AjaxResult handleMissingServletRequestParameterException(MissingServletRequestParameterException e) {
        logger.error("缺少请求参数", e);
        return new AjaxResult().failure("required_parameter_is_not_present");
      }
    
      /** * 400 - Bad Request */
      @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST)
      @ExceptionHandler(HttpMessageNotReadableException.class)
      public AjaxResult handleHttpMessageNotReadableException(HttpMessageNotReadableException e) {
        logger.error("参数解析失败", e);
        return new AjaxResult().failure("could_not_read_json");
      }
    
      /** * 400 - Bad Request */
      @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST)
      @ExceptionHandler(MethodArgumentNotValidException.class)
      public AjaxResult handleMethodArgumentNotValidException(MethodArgumentNotValidException e) {
        logger.error("参数验证失败", e);
        BindingResult result = e.getBindingResult();
        FieldError error = result.getFieldError();
        String field = error.getField();
        String code = error.getDefaultMessage();
        String message = String.format("%s:%s", field, code);
        return new AjaxResult().failure(message);
      }
    
      /** * 400 - Bad Request */
      @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST)
      @ExceptionHandler(BindException.class)
      public AjaxResult handleBindException(BindException e) {
        logger.error("参数绑定失败", e);
        BindingResult result = e.getBindingResult();
        FieldError error = result.getFieldError();
        String field = error.getField();
        String code = error.getDefaultMessage();
        String message = String.format("%s:%s", field, code);
        return new AjaxResult().failure(message);
      }
    
      /** * 400 - Bad Request */
      @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST)
      @ExceptionHandler(ConstraintViolationException.class)
      public AjaxResult handleServiceException(ConstraintViolationException e) {
        logger.error("参数验证失败", e);
        Set<ConstraintViolation<?>> violations = e.getConstraintViolations();
        ConstraintViolation<?> violation = violations.iterator().next();
        String message = violation.getMessage();
        return new AjaxResult().failure("parameter:" + message);
      }
    
      /** * 400 - Bad Request */
      @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST)
      @ExceptionHandler(ValidationException.class)
      public AjaxResult handleValidationException(ValidationException e) {
        logger.error("参数验证失败", e);
        return new AjaxResult().failure("validation_exception");
      }
    
      /** * 405 - Method Not Allowed */
      @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED)
      @ExceptionHandler(HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException.class)
      public AjaxResult handleHttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException(HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException e) {
        logger.error("不支持当前请求方法", e);
        return new AjaxResult().failure("request_method_not_supported");
      }
    
      /** * 415 - Unsupported Media Type */
      @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE)
      @ExceptionHandler(HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException.class)
      public AjaxResult handleHttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException(Exception e) {
        logger.error("不支持当前媒体类型", e);
        return new AjaxResult().failure("content_type_not_supported");
      }
    
      /** * 500 - Internal Server Error */
      @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)
      @ExceptionHandler(ServiceException.class)
      public AjaxResult handleServiceException(ServiceException e) {
        logger.error("业务逻辑异常", e);
        return new AjaxResult().failure("业务逻辑异常：" + e.getMessage());
      }
    
      /** * 500 - Internal Server Error */
      @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)
      @ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)
      public AjaxResult handleException(Exception e) {
        logger.error("通用异常", e);
        return new AjaxResult().failure("通用异常：" + e.getMessage());
      }
    
      /** * 操作数据库出现异常:名称重复，外键关联 */
      @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)
      @ExceptionHandler(DataIntegrityViolationException.class)
      public AjaxResult handleException(DataIntegrityViolationException e) {
        logger.error("操作数据库出现异常:", e);
        return new AjaxResult().failure("操作数据库出现异常：字段重复、有外键关联等");
      }
    }

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### 自定义异常ServiceException ###

package com.jege.spring.boot.exception;
    
    /** * @author JE哥 * @email 1272434821@qq.com * @description:自定义异常类 */
    public class ServiceException extends RuntimeException { 
      public ServiceException(String msg) {
        super(msg);
      }
    }

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### 不需要application.properties ###

### 控制器AdviceController ###

package com.jege.spring.boot.controller;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    import com.jege.spring.boot.exception.ServiceException;
    
    /** * @author JE哥 * @email 1272434821@qq.com * @description:全局异常处理演示入口 */
    @RestController
    public class AdviceController { 
    
      @RequestMapping("/hello1")
      public String hello1() {
        int i = 1 / 0;
        return "hello";
      }
    
      @RequestMapping("/hello2")
      public String hello2(Long id) {
        String string = null;
        string.length();
        return "hello";
      }
    
      @RequestMapping("/hello3")
      public List<String> hello3() {
        throw new ServiceException("test");
      }
    }

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### 访问 ###

*  [http://localhost:8080/hello1][http_localhost_8080_hello1]   
    \{“meta”:\{“success”:false,”message”:”通用异常：/ by zero”\},”data”:null\}
 *  [http://localhost:8080/hello2][http_localhost_8080_hello2]   
    \{“meta”:\{“success”:false,”message”:”通用异常：null”\},”data”:null\}
 *  [http://localhost:8080/hello3][http_localhost_8080_hello3]   
    \{“meta”:\{“success”:false,”message”:”业务逻辑异常：test”\},”data”:null\}

## 源码地址 ##

[https://github.com/je-ge/spring-boot][https_github.com_je-ge_spring-boot]

[20161126001717799]: /images/20220521/448b034312a049748e79be11fd9d7511.png
[http_localhost_8080_hello1]: http://localhost:8080/hello1
[http_localhost_8080_hello2]: http://localhost:8080/hello2
[http_localhost_8080_hello3]: http://localhost:8080/hello3
[https_github.com_je-ge_spring-boot]: https://github.com/je-ge/spring-boot