Docker常用基础命令

蔚落 2022-05-19 01:36 213阅读 0赞

具体docker是干什么的，优缺点，用途我就不说了，下面就使用docker的一些常用命令具体详细说下：

### 1、Docker的启动、停止、重启 ###

[root@localhost ~]# service docker restart
    Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart docker.service
    [root@localhost ~]# service docker stop
    Redirecting to /bin/systemctl stop docker.service
    [root@localhost ~]# service docker start
    Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start docker.service

### 2、Docker创建一个容器 ###

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -it -v /docker_test:/yufei  --name yufei_6 centos
    [root@724e7701f0d4 /]#

-i：允许我们对容器内的 (STDIN) 进行交互

-t：在新容器内指定一个伪终端或终端

-v：是挂在宿机目录， /docker\_test是宿机目录，/yufei是当前docker容器的目录，宿机目录必须是绝对的。

\--name：是给容器起一个名字，可省略，省略的话docker会随机产生一个名字

### 3、Docker启动的容器列表 ###

[root@localhost ~]$ docker ps
    CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                                                     COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                                NAMES
    1a4e1828f1d8        172.16.101.49:5000/bootbiz_masterdata:jc1-1.0.0           "/tmp/apache-tomca..."   5 minutes ago       Up 5 minutes        0.0.0.0:9081->8080/tcp               masterdatajc1
    cb01381539e8        172.16.101.49:5000/bootcsp_esbmail:stg-1.0.1              "sh -c 'java $JAVA..."   About an hour ago   Up About an hour    0.0.0.0:10066->10066/tcp             esbmailjc1
    063c5a58fc62        172.16.101.49:5000/bootbiz_masterdata:jc5-1.0.0           "/tmp/apache-tomca..."   10 hours ago        Up 10 hours         0.0.0.0:9085->8080/tcp               masterdatajc5
    7e5c3bb17d41        172.16.101.49:5000/bootbiz_masterdata:jc4-1.0.0           "/tmp/apache-tomca..."   10 hours ago        Up 10 hours         0.0.0.0:9084->8080/tcp               masterdatajc4
    6f503d3d7be9        172.16.101.49:5000/bootbiz_masterdata:jc3-1.0.0           "/tmp/apache-tomca..."   10 hours ago        Up 10 hours         0.0.0.0:9083->8080/tcp               masterdatajc3
    260d70e86a3c        172.16.101.49:5000/bootbiz_masterdata:jc2-1.0.0           "/tmp/apache-tomca..."   10 hours ago        Up 10 hours         0.0.0.0:9082->8080/tcp               masterdatajc2
    317d2bd0e4c8        172.16.101.49:5000/bootcsp_outrel:jc1-1.1.0               "/tmp/apache-tomca..."   23 hours ago        Up 23 hours         0.0.0.0:9080->8080/tcp               outreljc1
    c373a30907ba        172.16.101.49:5000/bootcsp_esbmms:stg-1.0.3               "sh -c 'java $JAVA..."   27 hours ago        Up 27 hours         0.0.0.0:10063->10063/tcp             esbmmsjc1
    5e7b2f492430        172.16.101.49:5000/bootcsp_fintech-masterdata:stg-1.0.0   "/tmp/apache-tomca..."   8 days ago          Up 8 days           8080/tcp, 0.0.0.0:10065->10065/tcp   fintech-masterdatastg
    147d3a3ff1b3        172.16.101.49:5000/bootcsp_ucc-configservice:stg-1.0.0    "/apollo-configser..."   9 days ago          Up 9 days                                                configservice1
    0bd573f59499        172.16.101.49:5000/bootcsp_ucc-portal:stg-1.0.0           "/apollo-portal/sc..."   9 days ago          Up 9 days                                                portal
    da6728673951        172.16.101.49:5000/bootcsp_fintech-ruleengine:jc1-1.0.8   "sh -c 'java $JAVA..."   12 days ago         Up 12 days          0.0.0.0:10064->10064/tcp             fintech-ruleenginejc1
    28e6c8e61773        172.16.101.49:5000/bootcsp_ucc-adminservice:stg-1.0.0     "/apollo-adminserv..."   12 days ago         Up 12 days                                               adminservice1
    6141c9393a23        172.16.101.43:5000/bootcsp_fluentd_pilot:1.0.0            "/bin/sh -c /pilot..."   2 weeks ago         Up 2 weeks          24224/tcp                            fluentd-pilot

### 3、Docker创建的所有容器列表 ###

[root@localhost ~]$ docker ps -a
    CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                                                     COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                                NAMES
    1a4e1828f1d8        172.16.101.49:5000/bootbiz_masterdata:jc1-1.0.0           "/tmp/apache-tomca..."   6 minutes ago       Up 6 minutes        0.0.0.0:9081->8080/tcp               masterdatajc1
    cb01381539e8        172.16.101.49:5000/bootcsp_esbmail:stg-1.0.1              "sh -c 'java $JAVA..."   About an hour ago   Up About an hour    0.0.0.0:10066->10066/tcp             esbmailjc1
    063c5a58fc62        172.16.101.49:5000/bootbiz_masterdata:jc5-1.0.0           "/tmp/apache-tomca..."   10 hours ago        Up 10 hours         0.0.0.0:9085->8080/tcp               masterdatajc5
    7e5c3bb17d41        172.16.101.49:5000/bootbiz_masterdata:jc4-1.0.0           "/tmp/apache-tomca..."   10 hours ago        Up 10 hours         0.0.0.0:9084->8080/tcp               masterdatajc4
    6f503d3d7be9        172.16.101.49:5000/bootbiz_masterdata:jc3-1.0.0           "/tmp/apache-tomca..."   10 hours ago        Up 10 hours         0.0.0.0:9083->8080/tcp               masterdatajc3
    260d70e86a3c        172.16.101.49:5000/bootbiz_masterdata:jc2-1.0.0           "/tmp/apache-tomca..."   10 hours ago        Up 10 hours         0.0.0.0:9082->8080/tcp               masterdatajc2
    317d2bd0e4c8        172.16.101.49:5000/bootcsp_outrel:jc1-1.1.0               "/tmp/apache-tomca..."   23 hours ago        Up 23 hours         0.0.0.0:9080->8080/tcp               outreljc1
    c373a30907ba        172.16.101.49:5000/bootcsp_esbmms:stg-1.0.3               "sh -c 'java $JAVA..."   27 hours ago        Up 27 hours         0.0.0.0:10063->10063/tcp             esbmmsjc1
    5e7b2f492430        172.16.101.49:5000/bootcsp_fintech-masterdata:stg-1.0.0   "/tmp/apache-tomca..."   8 days ago          Up 8 days           8080/tcp, 0.0.0.0:10065->10065/tcp   fintech-masterdatastg
    147d3a3ff1b3        172.16.101.49:5000/bootcsp_ucc-configservice:stg-1.0.0    "/apollo-configser..."   9 days ago          Up 9 days                                                configservice1
    0bd573f59499        172.16.101.49:5000/bootcsp_ucc-portal:stg-1.0.0           "/apollo-portal/sc..."   9 days ago          Up 9 days                                                portal
    da6728673951        172.16.101.49:5000/bootcsp_fintech-ruleengine:jc1-1.0.8   "sh -c 'java $JAVA..."   12 days ago         Up 12 days          0.0.0.0:10064->10064/tcp             fintech-ruleenginejc1
    28e6c8e61773        172.16.101.49:5000/bootcsp_ucc-adminservice:stg-1.0.0     "/apollo-adminserv..."   12 days ago         Up 12 days                                               adminservice1
    6141c9393a23        172.16.101.43:5000/bootcsp_fluentd_pilot:1.0.0            "/bin/sh -c /pilot..."   2 weeks ago         Up 2 weeks          24224/tcp                            fluentd-pilot

docker ps 默认列表是正在启动的容器 -a是显示所有创建的容器

###  4、启动、停止、重启某个Docker容器 ###

[root@localhost ~]# docker start cb01381539e8
    cb01381539e8
    [root@localhost ~]# docker stop cb01381539e8
    cb01381539e8
    [root@localhost ~]# docker restart cb01381539e8
    cb01381539e8
    [root@localhost ~]#

### 5、查看指定容器的日志记录 ###

[root@localhost ~]# docker logs -f cb01381539e8

### 6、删除某个容器，若正在运行，需要先停止 ###

[root@localhost ~]# docker rm cb01381539e8
    Error response from daemon: You cannot remove a running container 2d48fc5b7c17b01e6247cbc012013306faf1e54f24651d5e16d6db4e15f92d33. Stop the container before attempting removal or use -f
    [root@localhost ~]# docker stop cb01381539e8
    cb01381539e8
    [root@localhost ~]# docker rm cb01381539e8
    cb01381539e8
    [root@localhost ~]#

### 7、删除所有容器 ###

[root@localhost ~]# docker rm $(docker ps -a -q)
    Error response from daemon: You cannot remove a running container 724e7701f0d4a830167e21f75b470235a0e408fd6cc2913403426e96f69cba11. Stop the container before attempting removal or use -f
    Error response from daemon: You cannot remove a running container f9097691663ee36f9d2ee56afbdcca0eeb8b63e5590ddf18c0c42954c93b9f06. Stop the container before attempting removal or use -f
    [root@localhost ~]# 
    [root@localhost ~]# 
    [root@localhost ~]# docker stop cb01381539e8
    cb01381539e8
    [root@localhost ~]# docker stop cb01381539e8
    cb01381539e8
    [root@localhost ~]# docker rm $(docker ps -a -q)
    724e7701f0d4
    f9097691663e
    [root@localhost ~]#

### 8、选择某容器并进入容器内部 ###

[root@localhost ~]$ docker exec -it cb01381539e8 bash
    [root@cb01381539e8 /]# ll
    total 12
    -rw-r--r-- 138 root root 11976 3月   2 09:07 anaconda-post.log
    lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root     7 3月   2 09:06 bin -> usr/bin
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root root   168 7月  18 18:14 data
    drwxr-xr-x   5 root root   340 7月  18 18:14 dev
    drwxr-xr-x   1 root root    66 7月  18 18:14 etc
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root root     6 11月  5  2016 home
    lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root     7 3月   2 09:06 lib -> usr/lib
    lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root     9 3月   2 09:06 lib64 -> usr/lib64
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root root     6 11月  5  2016 media
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root root     6 11月  5  2016 mnt
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root root     6 11月  5  2016 opt
    dr-xr-xr-x 309 root root     0 7月  18 18:14 proc
    dr-xr-x---   2 root root   114 7月  18 18:14 root
    drwxr-xr-x  10 root root   130 7月  18 18:14 run
    lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root     8 3月   2 09:06 sbin -> usr/sbin
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root root     6 11月  5  2016 srv
    dr-xr-xr-x  13 root root     0 7月  18 18:14 sys
    drwxrwxrwt   1 root root   117 7月  18 18:14 tmp
    drwxr-xr-x  13 root root   155 7月  18 18:14 usr
    drwxr-xr-x  18 root root   238 7月  18 18:14 var
    [root@cb01381539e8 /]#