lInux安装jdk的三种方法 冷不防 2022-05-17 06:22 184阅读 0赞 环境 Linux版本：CentOS 6.5、Ubuntu 12.04.5 JDK版本：JDK 1.7 方法一：手动解压JDK的压缩包，然后设置环境变量 方法二：用yum安装JDK 方法三：用rpm安装JDK 方法四：Ubuntu 上使用apt-get安装JDK 方法一：手动解压JDK的压缩包，然后设置环境变量 1.在/usr/目录下创建java目录 \[root@localhost ~\]\# mkdir/usr/java \[root@localhost ~\]\# cd /usr/java 2.下载，然后解压 \[root@localhost java\]\# curl -O http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/7u79-b15/jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz \[root@localhost java\]\# tar -zxvf jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz 3.设置环境变量 \[root@localhost java\]\# vi /etc/profile 添加如下内容： \#set java environment JAVA\_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0\_79 JRE\_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0\_79/jre CLASS\_PATH=.:$JAVA\_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA\_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE\_HOME/lib PATH=$PATH:$JAVA\_HOME/bin:$JRE\_HOME/bin export JAVA\_HOME JRE\_HOME CLASS\_PATH PATH 让修改生效： \[root@localhost java\]\# source /etc/profile 4.验证 \[root@localhost java\]\# java -version java version "1.7.0\_79" SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0\_79-b15) Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.79-b02, mixed mode) 方法二：用yum安装JDK(CentOS) 1.查看yum库中都有哪些jdk版本 \[root@localhost ~\]\# yum search java|grep jdk ldapjdk-javadoc.x86\_64 : Javadoc for ldapjdk java-1.6.0-openjdk.x86\_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment java-1.6.0-openjdk-demo.x86\_64 : OpenJDK Demos java-1.6.0-openjdk-devel.x86\_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment java-1.6.0-openjdk-javadoc.x86\_64 : OpenJDK API Documentation java-1.6.0-openjdk-src.x86\_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle java-1.7.0-openjdk.x86\_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment java-1.7.0-openjdk-demo.x86\_64 : OpenJDK Demos java-1.7.0-openjdk-devel.x86\_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment java-1.7.0-openjdk-javadoc.noarch : OpenJDK API Documentation java-1.7.0-openjdk-src.x86\_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86\_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo.x86\_64 : OpenJDK Demos java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel.x86\_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.x86\_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment java-1.8.0-openjdk-javadoc.noarch : OpenJDK API Documentation java-1.8.0-openjdk-src.x86\_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle ldapjdk.x86\_64 : The Mozilla LDAP Java SDK 2.选择版本，进行安装 我们这里安装1.7版本 \[root@localhost ~\]\# yum install java-1.7.0-openjdk 安装完之后，默认的安装目录是在: /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.75.x86\_64 3.设置环境变量 \[root@localhost ~\]\# vi /etc/profile 添加如下内容： \#set java environment JAVA\_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.75.x86\_64 JRE\_HOME=$JAVA\_HOME/jre CLASS\_PATH=.:$JAVA\_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA\_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE\_HOME/lib PATH=$PATH:$JAVA\_HOME/bin:$JRE\_HOME/bin export JAVA\_HOME JRE\_HOME CLASS\_PATH PATH 让修改生效： \[root@localhost java\]\# source /etc/profile 3.验证 同上。 注：因为采用yum安装jdk，系统考虑到多版本的问题，会用alternatives进行版本控制。开始，相应版本的jdk安装在/usr/lib/jvm/之后，会在alternatives中注册，在/etc/alternatives目录下会产生一些链接到/usr/lib/jvm/中刚安装好的jdk版本。 在/usr/bin下面会有链接到/etc/alternatives的相应的文件。比如，/usr/bin下面会有一个链接文件java的映射关系如下： /usr/bin/java->/etc/alternatives/java /etc/alternatives/java-> /usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.7.0-openjdk.x86\_64/bin/java 这样，java命令不用设置环境变量，就可以正常运行了。但如果对于tomcat或其他软件来说还是要设置环境变量。 同样，如果安装新的版本jdk，就会重新链接到最新安装的jdk版本。当然，也可以使用alternatives修改所要使用的版本。 具体方法可参照：《使用Linux的alternatives管理多版本的软件》 方法三：用rpm安装JDK 1.下载 \[hadoop@localhost ~\]$ curl -O http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/7u79-b15/jdk-7u79-linux-x64.rpm 2.使用rpm命令安装 \[root@localhost ~\]\# rpm -ivh jdk-7u79-linux-x64.rpm Preparing... \#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\# \[100%\] 1:jdk \#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\[100%\] Unpacking JAR files... rt.jar... jsse.jar... charsets.jar... tools.jar... localedata.jar... jfxrt.jar... 3.设置环境变量 \[root@localhost java\]\# vi /etc/profile 添加如下内容： \#set java environment JAVA\_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0\_79 JRE\_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0\_79/jre CLASS\_PATH=.:$JAVA\_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA\_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE\_HOME/lib PATH=$PATH:$JAVA\_HOME/bin:$JRE\_HOME/bin export JAVA\_HOME JRE\_HOME CLASS\_PATH PATH 让修改生效： \[root@localhost java\]\# source /etc/profile 4.验证 \[root@localhost java\]\# java -version java version "1.7.0\_79" 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.79-b02, mixed mode) 和yum安装类似，不用设置环境变量就可以，运行java命令。rpm安装方式默认会把jdk安装到/usr/java/jdk1.7.0\_79，然后通过三层链接，链接到/usr/bin,具体链接如下： \[root@localhost ~\]\# cd /bin \[root@localhost bin\]\# ll|grep java lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 25 Mar 28 11:24 jar ->/usr/java/default/bin/jar lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 26 Mar 28 11:24 java -> /usr/java/default/bin/java lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 27 Mar 28 11:24 javac ->/usr/java/default/bin/javac lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 29 Mar 28 11:24 javadoc ->/usr/java/default/bin/javadoc lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 28 Mar 28 11:24 javaws ->/usr/java/default/bin/javaws lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 30 Mar 28 11:24 jcontrol ->/usr/java/default/bin/jcontrol \[root@localhost bin\]\# cd /usr/java/ \[root@localhost java\]\# ll total 4 lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 16 Mar 28 11:24 default-> /usr/java/latest drwxr-xr-x. 8 root root 4096 Mar 28 11:24 jdk1.7.0\_79 lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 21 Mar 28 11:24 latest -> /usr/java/jdk1.7.0\_79 方法四：Ubuntu 上使用apt-get安装JDK 1.查看apt库都有哪些jdk版本 root@Itble:~\# apt-cache search java|grep jdk default-jdk - Standard Java or Java compatible Development Kit default-jdk-doc - Standard Java or Java compatible Development Kit (documentation) gcj-4.6-jdk - gcj and classpath development tools for gcj-jdk - gcj and classpath development tools for openjdk-6-dbg - Java runtime based on OpenJDK (debugging symbols) openjdk-6-demo - Java runtime based on OpenJDK (demos and examples) openjdk-6-doc - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) documentation openjdk-6-jdk - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) openjdk-6-jre-lib - OpenJDK Java runtime (architecture independent libraries) openjdk-6-source - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) source files openjdk-7-dbg - Java runtime based on OpenJDK (debugging symbols) openjdk-7-demo - Java runtime based on OpenJDK (demos and examples) openjdk-7-doc - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) documentation openjdk-7-jdk - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) openjdk-7-source - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) source files uwsgi-plugin-jvm-openjdk-6 - Java plugin for uWSGI (OpenJDK 6) uwsgi-plugin-jwsgi-openjdk-6 - JWSGI plugin for uWSGI (OpenJDK 6) openjdk-6-jre - OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT openjdk-6-jre-headless - OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT (headless) openjdk-7-jre - OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT openjdk-7-jre-headless - OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT (headless) openjdk-7-jre-lib - OpenJDK Java runtime (architecture independent libraries) 2.选择版本进行安装 root@Itble:~\# apt-get install openjdk-7-jdk 3.设置环境变量 root@Itble:~\# vi /etc/profile 添加如下内容： \#set java environment JAVA\_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-amd64 JRE\_HOME=$JAVA\_HOME/jre CLASS\_PATH=.:$JAVA\_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA\_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE\_HOME/lib PATH=$PATH:$JAVA\_HOME/bin:$JRE\_HOME/bin export JAVA\_HOME JRE\_HOME CLASS\_PATH PATH 让修改生效： root@Itble:~\# source /etc/profile 4.验证 root@Itble:~\# java -version java version "1.7.0\_79" OpenJDK Runtime Environment (IcedTea 2.5.5) (7u79-2.5.5-0ubuntu0.12.04.1) OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.79-b02, mixed mode) Ubuntu的apt-get安装方式和CentOS的yum安装方式很类似，这里就算作一种方法
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