springMVC数据效验

旧城等待， 2022-05-16 07:53 179阅读 0赞

数据效验:  
　　验证客户输入的数据是否合法  
比如客户登录时,用户名不能为空,或者不能超出指定长度等要求  
　　数据效验分为客户端效验和服务端效验.  
　　客户端效验: js效验  
　　服务端效验: springmvc使用validation校验，struts2使用validation校验  
1.导入数据效验的包 validation-api  
　　　　　　　　　 hibernate-validator  
　　　　　　　　　 jboss-logging  
2.在需要效验的POJO中进行设置  
3.在controller中需要效验的参数,前面加上@Validated  
4.在spring-MVC的配置文件中配置 localvalidator的bean  
并且将该Bean设置为 annotation-Dirven标签的属性  
5.在需要验证的参数后面,加一个BinderResult对象,从该对象中就可以获取验证信息

<form:errors path="数据校验的参数名.变量名"/>

1.pom.xml

<profiles>
            
            <profile>
                <id>development</id>
                <activation>
                    <jdk>1.8</jdk>
                    <activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
                </activation>
                <properties>
                    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
                    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
                    <maven.compiler.compilerVersion>1.8</maven.compiler.compilerVersion>
                </properties>
            </profile>
        </profiles>
        
        <properties>
            
            <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
            
            <spring.version>5.0.7.RELEASE</spring.version>
        </properties>
        <dependencies>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>javax.validation</groupId>
                <artifactId>validation-api</artifactId>
                <version>2.0.1.Final</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.hibernate.validator</groupId>
                <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
                <version>6.0.12.Final</version>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>4.12</version>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
    
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
                <version>1.2</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>

2.web.xml

<filter>      
            <filter-name>CharactorFilter</filter-name>    
            <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>  
            <init-param>   
                <param-name>encoding</param-name>  
                <param-value>utf-8</param-value>   
            </init-param>
            <init-param>
                <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
                <param-value>true</param-value>
            </init-param>
        </filter>
        <filter-mapping> 
            <filter-name>CharactorFilter</filter-name>
            <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
        </filter-mapping>
    
        
        <servlet>
            <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
            <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
            
            <init-param>
                <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
                <param-value>classpath:springMVC_beans.xml</param-value>
            </init-param>
            
            <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
        </servlet>
    
        
        
        <servlet-mapping>
            <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
            <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
        </servlet-mapping>

3.springMVC\_beans.xml

<context:component-scan base-package="com.xalo.controller"></context:component-scan>
    
         <mvc:annotation-driven validator="validator"></mvc:annotation-driven> 
    
        <bean id="validator" class="org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.LocalValidatorFactoryBean"></bean> 
    
    <bean id="viewParse" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
      <property name="prefix" value="/"></property>  
      <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property> 
    </bean>

4.User.java

邮箱格式的解释:

@之前必须有内容且只能是字母（大小写）、数字、下划线(_)、减号（-）、点（.）
    @和最后一个点（.）之间必须有内容且只能是字母（大小写）、数字、点（.）、减号（-），且两个点不能挨着
    最后一个点（.）之后必须有内容且内容只能是字母（大小写）、数字且长度为大于等于2个字节，小于等于6个字节

public class User implements Serializable { 
      @Size(min=1, max=4, message="名字长度需要在1-4之间")
      private String name;
      @Min(value=4, message="年龄不能小于4岁") //被释放的元素必须是一个数字,其值必须大于等于指定的最小值
      private Integer age;
      @Email(regexp = "^[a-zA-Z0-9_.-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+(\\.[a-zA-Z0-9-]+)*\\.[a-zA-Z0-9]{2,6}$", message = "邮箱格式有误")
        private String email;
        //提供无参数的构造方法
        //提供setter和getter方法
        //重写toString()方法 
     }

5.ValidatorController.java

@Controller
    public class ValidatorController{
     /* *@Validated(): 当前的参数需要效验 *如果要拿到错误信息,需要增加一个参数BindingResult. *从该参数中就可以获取它前面的验证数据的错误信息;此参数必须写在@Validated需要验证的参数之后 */
       @RequestMapping("/tv")
       public String testValidator(@Validated() User user,BindingResult br){
         //获取验证有误参数的个数
           int count = br.getErrorCount();
         System.out.println("count:" + count);
           if(count > 0) {
             //获取所有的错误信息
             List<ObjectError> list = br.getAllErrors();
              for(ObjectError error : list) {
                 //获取默认的错误信息
                 System.out.println(error.getDefaultMessage());
              }  
            }
              return "register";
        }
         //该方法是显示错误信息
         @RequestMapping("/register")
         public String register() {
              return  "register";
           }
       }

6.register.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
        
    <%@taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" %>
    <body>
       <h3>获取错误信息</h3>
       <h1>注册界面</h1>
       <form action="tv">
         用户名: <input type="text" name="name"/><span style="color: red"><form:errors path="user.name"></form:errors></span><br>
         年  龄: <input type="text" name="age"/><span style="color: red"><form:errors path="user.age"></form:errors></span><br>
         邮  箱: <input type="text" name="email"/><span style="color: red"><form:errors path="user.email"></form:errors></span><br>
         <input type="submit" value="提交">
       </form>
    </body>