sql面试笔试题

旧城等待， 2022-05-16 07:34 232阅读 0赞

转载自：[http://bbs.csdn.net/topics/280002741][http_bbs.csdn.net_topics_280002741]

**表架构**

Student(Sid,Sname,Sage,Ssex) 学生表   
Course(Cid,Cname,Tid) 课程表   
SC(Sid,Cid,score) 成绩表   
Teacher(Tid,Tname) 教师表

**建表语句**

CREATE TABLE student 
      ( 
         sid    INT, 
         sname nvarchar(32), 
         sage  INT, 
         ssex  nvarchar(8) 
      ) 
    
    CREATE TABLE course 
      ( 
         cid    INT, 
         cname nvarchar(32), 
         tid    INT 
      ) 
    
    CREATE TABLE sc 
      ( 
         sid    INT, 
         cid    INT, 
         score INT 
      ) 
    
    CREATE TABLE teacher 
      ( 
         tid    INT, 
         tname nvarchar(16) 
      )

**插入测试数据语句 **

insert into Student select 1,N'刘一',18,N'男' union all
     select 2,N'钱二',19,N'女' union all
     select 3,N'张三',17,N'男' union all
     select 4,N'李四',18,N'女' union all
     select 5,N'王五',17,N'男' union all
     select 6,N'赵六',19,N'女' 
     
     insert into Teacher select 1,N'叶平' union all
     select 2,N'贺高' union all
     select 3,N'杨艳' union all
     select 4,N'周磊'
     
     insert into Course select 1,N'语文',1 union all
     select 2,N'数学',2 union all
     select 3,N'英语',3 union all
     select 4,N'物理',4
     
     insert into SC 
     select 1,1,56 union all 
     select 1,2,78 union all 
     select 1,3,67 union all 
     select 1,4,58 union all 
     select 2,1,79 union all 
     select 2,2,81 union all 
     select 2,3,92 union all 
     select 2,4,68 union all 
     select 3,1,91 union all 
     select 3,2,47 union all 
     select 3,3,88 union all 
     select 3,4,56 union all 
     select 4,2,88 union all 
     select 4,3,90 union all 
     select 4,4,93 union all 
     select 5,1,46 union all 
     select 5,3,78 union all 
     select 5,4,53 union all 
     select 6,1,35 union all 
     select 6,2,68 union all 
     select 6,4,71

**问题**

问题： 
    1、查询“001”课程比“002”课程成绩高的所有学生的学号； 
      select a.Sid from (select sid,score from SC where Cid='001') a,(select sid,score 
      from SC where Cid='002') b 
      where a.score>b.score and a.sid=b.sid; 
    2、查询平均成绩大于60分的同学的学号和平均成绩； 
        select Sid,avg(score) 
        from sc 
        group by Sid having avg(score) >60; 
    3、查询所有同学的学号、姓名、选课数、总成绩； 
      select Student.Sid,Student.Sname,count(SC.Cid),sum(score) 
      from Student left Outer join SC on Student.Sid=SC.Sid 
      group by Student.Sid,Sname 
    4、查询姓“李”的老师的个数； 
      select count(distinct(Tname)) 
      from Teacher 
      where Tname like '李%'; 
    5、查询没学过“叶平”老师课的同学的学号、姓名； 
        select Student.Sid,Student.Sname 
        from Student  
        where Sid not in (select distinct( SC.Sid) from SC,Course,Teacher where  SC.Cid=Course.Cid and Teacher.Tid=Course.Tid and Teacher.Tname='叶平'); 
    6、查询学过“001”并且也学过编号“002”课程的同学的学号、姓名； 
      select Student.Sid,Student.Sname from Student,SC where Student.Sid=SC.Sid and SC.Cid='001'and exists( Select * from SC as SC_2 where SC_2.Sid=SC.Sid and SC_2.Cid='002'); 
    7、查询学过“叶平”老师所教的所有课的同学的学号、姓名； 
      select Sid,Sname 
      from Student 
      where Sid in (select Sid from SC ,Course ,Teacher where SC.Cid=Course.Cid and Teacher.Tid=Course.Tid and Teacher.Tname='叶平' group by Sid having count(SC.Cid)=(select count(Cid) from Course,Teacher  where Teacher.Tid=Course.Tid and Tname='叶平')); 
    8、查询课程编号“002”的成绩比课程编号“001”课程低的所有同学的学号、姓名； 
      Select Sid,Sname from (select Student.Sid,Student.Sname,score ,(select score from SC SC_2 where SC_2.Sid=Student.Sid and SC_2.Cid='002') score2 
      from Student,SC where Student.Sid=SC.Sid and Cid='001') S_2 where score2 <score; 
    9、查询所有课程成绩小于60分的同学的学号、姓名； 
      select Sid,Sname 
      from Student 
      where Sid not in (select S.Sid from Student AS S,SC where S.Sid=SC.Sid and score>60); 
    10、查询没有学全所有课的同学的学号、姓名； 
        select Student.Sid,Student.Sname 
        from Student,SC 
        where Student.Sid=SC.Sid group by  Student.Sid,Student.Sname having count(Cid) <(select count(Cid) from Course); 
    11、查询至少有一门课与学号为“1001”的同学所学相同的同学的学号和姓名； 
        select distinct Sid,Sname from Student,SC where Student.Sid=SC.Sid and SC.Cid in (select Cid from SC where Sid='1001'); 
    12、查询至少学过学号为“001”同学所有一门课的其他同学学号和姓名； 
        select distinct SC.Sid,Sname 
        from Student,SC 
        where Student.Sid=SC.Sid and Cid in (select Cid from SC where Sid='001'); 
    13、把“SC”表中“叶平”老师教的课的成绩都更改为此课程的平均成绩； 
        update SC set score=(select avg(SC_2.score) 
        from SC SC_2 
        where SC_2.Cid=SC.Cid ) from Course,Teacher where Course.Cid=SC.Cid and Course.Tid=Teacher.Tid and Teacher.Tname='叶平'); 
    14、查询和“1002”号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学学号和姓名； 
    select student.sid, student.sname from sc,student 
    where sc.cid in (select sc.cid from sc where sc.sid='002') and sc.sid = student.sid and sc.sid != '002'
    group by student.sid, student.sname
    having count(*)=(select count(*) from sc where sc.sid='002');
    15、删除学习“叶平”老师课的SC表记录； 
        Delect SC 
        from course ,Teacher  
        where Course.Cid=SC.Cid and Course.Tid= Teacher.Tid and Tname='叶平'; 
    16、向SC表中插入一些记录，这些记录要求符合以下条件：没有上过编号“003”课程的同学学号、2、 
        号课的平均成绩； 
        Insert SC select Sid,'002',(Select avg(score) 
        from SC where Cid='002') from Student where Sid not in (Select Sid from SC where Cid='002'); 
    17、按平均成绩从高到低显示所有学生的“数据库”、“企业管理”、“英语”三门的课程成绩，按如下形式显示： 学生ID,,数据库,企业管理,英语,有效课程数,有效平均分 
        SELECT Sid as 学生ID 
            ,(SELECT score FROM SC WHERE SC.Sid=t.Sid AND Cid='004') AS 数据库 
            ,(SELECT score FROM SC WHERE SC.Sid=t.Sid AND Cid='001') AS 企业管理 
            ,(SELECT score FROM SC WHERE SC.Sid=t.Sid AND Cid='006') AS 英语 
            ,COUNT(*) AS 有效课程数, AVG(t.score) AS 平均成绩 
        FROM SC AS t 
        GROUP BY Sid 
        ORDER BY avg(t.score)  
    18、查询各科成绩最高和最低的分：以如下形式显示：课程ID，最高分，最低分 
        SELECT L.Cid As 课程ID,L.score AS 最高分,R.score AS 最低分 
        FROM SC L ,SC AS R 
        WHERE L.Cid = R.Cid and 
            L.score = (SELECT MAX(IL.score) 
                          FROM SC AS IL,Student AS IM 
                          WHERE L.Cid = IL.Cid and IM.Sid=IL.Sid 
                          GROUP BY IL.Cid) 
            AND 
            R.Score = (SELECT MIN(IR.score) 
                          FROM SC AS IR 
                          WHERE R.Cid = IR.Cid 
                      GROUP BY IR.Cid 
                        ); 
    自己写的:select cid ,max(score)as 最高分 ,min(score) as 最低分 from dbo.sc  group by cid
    19、按各科平均成绩从低到高和及格率的百分数从高到低顺序 
        SELECT t.Cid AS 课程号,max(course.Cname)AS 课程名,isnull(AVG(score),0) AS 平均成绩 
            ,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN  isnull(score,0)>=60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/COUNT(*) AS 及格百分数 
        FROM SC T,Course 
        where t.Cid=course.Cid 
        GROUP BY t.Cid 
        ORDER BY 100 * SUM(CASE WHEN  isnull(score,0)>=60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/COUNT(*) DESC 
    20、查询如下课程平均成绩和及格率的百分数(用"1行"显示): 企业管理（001），马克思（002），OO&UML （003），数据库（004） 
        SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN Cid ='001' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE Cid WHEN '001' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 企业管理平均分 
            ,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN Cid = '001' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN Cid = '001' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 企业管理及格百分数 
            ,SUM(CASE WHEN Cid = '002' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE Cid WHEN '002' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 马克思平均分 
            ,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN Cid = '002' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN Cid = '002' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 马克思及格百分数 
            ,SUM(CASE WHEN Cid = '003' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE Cid WHEN '003' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS UML平均分 
            ,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN Cid = '003' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN Cid = '003' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS UML及格百分数 
            ,SUM(CASE WHEN Cid = '004' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE Cid WHEN '004' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 数据库平均分 
            ,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN Cid = '004' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN Cid = '004' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 数据库及格百分数 
      FROM SC
    21、查询不同老师所教不同课程平均分从高到低显示 
      SELECT max(Z.Tid) AS 教师ID,MAX(Z.Tname) AS 教师姓名,C.Cid AS 课程ＩＤ,MAX(C.Cname) AS 课程名称,AVG(Score) AS 平均成绩 
        FROM SC AS T,Course AS C ,Teacher AS Z 
        where T.Cid=C.Cid and C.Tid=Z.Tid 
      GROUP BY C.Cid 
      ORDER BY AVG(Score) DESC 
    22、查询如下课程成绩第 3 名到第 6 名的学生成绩单：企业管理（001），马克思（002），UML （003），数据库（004） 
        [学生ID],[学生姓名],企业管理,马克思,UML,数据库,平均成绩 
        SELECT  DISTINCT top 3 
          SC.Sid As 学生学号, 
            Student.Sname AS 学生姓名 , 
          T1.score AS 企业管理, 
          T2.score AS 马克思, 
          T3.score AS UML, 
          T4.score AS 数据库, 
          ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0) as 总分 
          FROM Student,SC  LEFT JOIN SC AS T1 
                          ON SC.Sid = T1.Sid AND T1.Cid = '001' 
                LEFT JOIN SC AS T2 
                          ON SC.Sid = T2.Sid AND T2.Cid = '002' 
                LEFT JOIN SC AS T3 
                          ON SC.Sid = T3.Sid AND T3.Cid = '003' 
                LEFT JOIN SC AS T4 
                          ON SC.Sid = T4.Sid AND T4.Cid = '004' 
          WHERE student.Sid=SC.Sid and 
          ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0) 
          NOT IN 
          (SELECT 
                DISTINCT 
                TOP 15 WITH TIES 
                ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0) 
          FROM sc 
                LEFT JOIN sc AS T1 
                          ON sc.Sid = T1.Sid AND T1.Cid = 'k1' 
                LEFT JOIN sc AS T2 
                          ON sc.Sid = T2.Sid AND T2.Cid = 'k2' 
                LEFT JOIN sc AS T3 
                          ON sc.Sid = T3.Sid AND T3.Cid = 'k3' 
                LEFT JOIN sc AS T4 
                          ON sc.Sid = T4.Sid AND T4.Cid = 'k4' 
          ORDER BY ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0) DESC); 
    
    23、统计列印各科成绩,各分数段人数:课程ID,课程名称,[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[ <60] 
        SELECT SC.Cid as 课程ID, Cname as 课程名称 
            ,SUM(CASE WHEN score BETWEEN 85 AND 100 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [100 - 85] 
            ,SUM(CASE WHEN score BETWEEN 70 AND 85 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [85 - 70] 
            ,SUM(CASE WHEN score BETWEEN 60 AND 70 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [70 - 60] 
            ,SUM(CASE WHEN score < 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [60 -] 
        FROM SC,Course 
        where SC.Cid=Course.Cid 
        GROUP BY SC.Cid,Cname; 
    
    24、查询学生平均成绩及其名次 
          SELECT 1+(SELECT COUNT( distinct 平均成绩) 
                  FROM (SELECT Sid,AVG(score) AS 平均成绩 
                          FROM SC 
                      GROUP BY Sid 
                      ) AS T1 
                WHERE 平均成绩 > T2.平均成绩) as 名次, 
          Sid as 学生学号,平均成绩 
        FROM (SELECT Sid,AVG(score) 平均成绩 
                FROM SC 
            GROUP BY Sid 
            ) AS T2 
        ORDER BY 平均成绩 desc; 
      
    25、查询各科成绩前三名的记录:(不考虑成绩并列情况) 
          SELECT t1.Sid as 学生ID,t1.Cid as 课程ID,Score as 分数 
          FROM SC t1 
          WHERE score IN (SELECT TOP 3 score 
                  FROM SC 
                  WHERE t1.Cid= Cid 
                ORDER BY score DESC 
                  ) 
          ORDER BY t1.Cid; 
    26、查询每门课程被选修的学生数 
      select cid,count(Sid) from sc group by Cid; 
    27、查询出只选修了一门课程的全部学生的学号和姓名 
      select SC.Sid,Student.Sname,count(Cid) AS 选课数 
      from SC ,Student 
      where SC.Sid=Student.Sid group by SC.Sid ,Student.Sname having count(Cid)=1; 
    28、查询男生、女生人数 
        Select count(Ssex) as 男生人数 from Student group by Ssex having Ssex='男'; 
        Select count(Ssex) as 女生人数 from Student group by Ssex having Ssex='女'； 
    29、查询姓“张”的学生名单 
        SELECT Sname FROM Student WHERE Sname like '张%'; 
    30、查询同名同性学生名单，并统计同名人数 
      select Sname,count(*) from Student group by Sname having  count(*)>1;; 
    31、1981年出生的学生名单(注：Student表中Sage列的类型是datetime) 
        select Sname,  CONVERT(char (11),DATEPART(year,Sage)) as age 
        from student 
        where  CONVERT(char(11),DATEPART(year,Sage))='1981'; 
    32、查询每门课程的平均成绩，结果按平均成绩升序排列，平均成绩相同时，按课程号降序排列 
        Select Cid,Avg(score) from SC group by Cid order by Avg(score),Cid DESC ; 
    33、查询平均成绩大于85的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩 
        select Sname,SC.Sid ,avg(score) 
        from Student,SC 
        where Student.Sid=SC.Sid group by SC.Sid,Sname having    avg(score)>85; 
    34、查询课程名称为“数据库”，且分数低于60的学生姓名和分数 
        Select Sname,isnull(score,0) 
        from Student,SC,Course 
        where SC.Sid=Student.Sid and SC.Cid=Course.Cid and  Course.Cname='数据库'and score <60; 
    35、查询所有学生的选课情况； 
        SELECT SC.Sid,SC.Cid,Sname,Cname 
        FROM SC,Student,Course 
        where SC.Sid=Student.Sid and SC.Cid=Course.Cid ; 
    36、查询任何一门课程成绩在70分以上的姓名、课程名称和分数； 
        SELECT  distinct student.Sid,student.Sname,SC.Cid,SC.score 
        FROM student,Sc 
        WHERE SC.score>=70 AND SC.Sid=student.Sid; 
    37、查询不及格的课程，并按课程号从大到小排列 
        select cid from sc where scor e <60 order by Cid ; 
    38、查询课程编号为003且课程成绩在80分以上的学生的学号和姓名； 
        select SC.Sid,Student.Sname from SC,Student where SC.Sid=Student.Sid and Score>80 and Cid='003'; 
    39、求选了课程的学生人数 
        select count(*) from sc; 
    40、查询选修“叶平”老师所授课程的学生中，成绩最高的学生姓名及其成绩 
        select Student.Sname,score 
        from Student,SC,Course C,Teacher 
        where Student.Sid=SC.Sid and SC.Cid=C.Cid and C.Tid=Teacher.Tid and Teacher.Tname='叶平' and SC.score=(select max(score)from SC where Cid=C.Cid ); 
    41、查询各个课程及相应的选修人数 
        select count(*) from sc group by Cid; 
    42、查询不同课程成绩相同的学生的学号、课程号、学生成绩 
      select distinct  A.Sid,B.score from SC A  ,SC B where A.Score=B.Score and A.Cid <>B.Cid ; 
    43、查询每门功成绩最好的前两名 
        SELECT t1.Sid as 学生ID,t1.Cid as 课程ID,Score as 分数 
          FROM SC t1 
          WHERE score IN (SELECT TOP 2 score 
                  FROM SC 
                  WHERE t1.Cid= Cid 
                ORDER BY score DESC 
                  ) 
          ORDER BY t1.Cid; 
    44、统计每门课程的学生选修人数（超过10人的课程才统计）。要求输出课程号和选修人数，查询结果按人数降序排列，查询结果按人数降序排列，若人数相同，按课程号升序排列  
        select  Cid as 课程号,count(*) as 人数 
        from  sc  
        group  by  Cid 
        order  by  count(*) desc,cid  
    45、检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号 
        select  Sid  
        from  sc  
        group  by  sid 
        having  count(*)  >  =  2 
    46、查询全部学生都选修的课程的课程号和课程名 
        select  Cid,Cname  
        from  Course  
        where  Cid  in  (select  cid  from  sc group  by  cid)  
    47、查询没学过“叶平”老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名 
        select Sname from Student where Sid not in (select Sid from Course,Teacher,SC where Course.Tid=Teacher.Tid and SC.Cid=course.Cid and Tname='叶平'); 
    48、查询两门以上不及格课程的同学的学号及其平均成绩 
        select Sid,avg(isnull(score,0)) from SC where Sid in (select Sid from SC where score <60 group by Sid having count(*)>2)group by Sid; 
    49、检索“004”课程分数小于60，按分数降序排列的同学学号 
        select Sid from SC where Cid='004'and score <60 order by score desc; 
    50、删除“002”同学的“001”课程的成绩 
    delete from Sc where Sid='001'and Cid='001';

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