Java字节序,java整型数与网络字节序 byte[] 数组转换关系(ByteArrayOutputStream用法)

爱被打了一巴掌 2022-05-16 01:22 193阅读 0赞

[Java字节序][Java]

[http://origin100.iteye.com/blog/267165][Java]

/**
    * 通信格式转换
    *
    * Java和一些windows编程语言如c、c++、delphi所写的网络程序进行通讯时，需要进行相应的转换
    * 高、低字节之间的转换
    * windows的字节序为低字节开头
    * linux,unix的字节序为高字节开头
    * java则无论平台变化，都是高字节开头
      */ 
    
    public class FormatTransfer {
    /**
      * 将int转为低字节在前，高字节在后的byte数组
      * @param n int
      * @return byte[]
      */
    public static byte[] toLH(int n) {
      byte[] b = new byte[4];
      b[0] = (byte) (n & 0xff);
      b[1] = (byte) (n >> 8 & 0xff);
      b[2] = (byte) (n >> 16 & 0xff);
      b[3] = (byte) (n >> 24 & 0xff);
      return b;
    } 
    
    /**
      * 将int转为高字节在前，低字节在后的byte数组
      * @param n int
      * @return byte[]
      */
    public static byte[] toHH(int n) {
      byte[] b = new byte[4];
      b[3] = (byte) (n & 0xff);
      b[2] = (byte) (n >> 8 & 0xff);
      b[1] = (byte) (n >> 16 & 0xff);
      b[0] = (byte) (n >> 24 & 0xff);
      return b;
    } 
    
    /**
      * 将short转为低字节在前，高字节在后的byte数组
      * @param n short
      * @return byte[]
      */
    public static byte[] toLH(short n) {
      byte[] b = new byte[2];
      b[0] = (byte) (n & 0xff);
      b[1] = (byte) (n >> 8 & 0xff);
      return b;
    } 
    
    /**
      * 将short转为高字节在前，低字节在后的byte数组
      * @param n short
      * @return byte[]
      */
    public static byte[] toHH(short n) {
      byte[] b = new byte[2];
      b[1] = (byte) (n & 0xff);
      b[0] = (byte) (n >> 8 & 0xff);
      return b;
    } 
    
    
    
    /**
      * 将将int转为高字节在前，低字节在后的byte数组 
    
    public static byte[] toHH(int number) {
      int temp = number;
      byte[] b = new byte[4];
      for (int i = b.length - 1; i > -1; i--) {
        b = new Integer(temp & 0xff).byteValue();
        temp = temp >> 8;
      }
      return b;
    } 
    
    public static byte[] IntToByteArray(int i) {
        byte[] abyte0 = new byte[4];
        abyte0[3] = (byte) (0xff & i);
        abyte0[2] = (byte) ((0xff00 & i) >> 8);
        abyte0[1] = (byte) ((0xff0000 & i) >> 16);
        abyte0[0] = (byte) ((0xff000000 & i) >> 24);
        return abyte0;
    } 
    
    
    */ 
    
    /**
      * 将float转为低字节在前，高字节在后的byte数组
      */
    public static byte[] toLH(float f) {
      return toLH(Float.floatToRawIntBits(f));
    } 
    
    /**
      * 将float转为高字节在前，低字节在后的byte数组
      */
    public static byte[] toHH(float f) {
      return toHH(Float.floatToRawIntBits(f));
    } 
    
    /**
      * 将String转为byte数组
      */
    public static byte[] stringToBytes(String s, int length) {
      while (s.getBytes().length < length) {
        s += " ";
      }
      return s.getBytes();
    } 
    
    
    /**
      * 将字节数组转换为String
      * @param b byte[]
      * @return String
      */
    public static String bytesToString(byte[] b) {
      StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer("");
      int length = b.length;
      for (int i=0; i<length; i++) {
        result.append((char)(b & 0xff));
      }
      return result.toString();
    } 
    
    /**
      * 将字符串转换为byte数组
      * @param s String
      * @return byte[]
      */
    public static byte[] stringToBytes(String s) {
      return s.getBytes();
    } 
    
    /**
      * 将高字节数组转换为int
      * @param b byte[]
      * @return int
      */
    public static int hBytesToInt(byte[] b) {
      int s = 0;
      for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
        if (b >= 0) {
        s = s + b;
        } else {
        s = s + 256 + b;
        }
        s = s * 256;
      }
      if (b[3] >= 0) {
        s = s + b[3];
      } else {
        s = s + 256 + b[3];
      }
      return s;
    } 
    
    /**
      * 将低字节数组转换为int
      * @param b byte[]
      * @return int
      */
    public static int lBytesToInt(byte[] b) {
      int s = 0;
      for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
        if (b[3-i] >= 0) {
        s = s + b[3-i];
        } else {
        s = s + 256 + b[3-i];
        }
        s = s * 256;
      }
      if (b[0] >= 0) {
        s = s + b[0];
      } else {
        s = s + 256 + b[0];
      }
      return s;
    } 
    
    
    /**
      * 高字节数组到short的转换
      * @param b byte[]
      * @return short
      */
    public static short hBytesToShort(byte[] b) {
      int s = 0;
      if (b[0] >= 0) {
        s = s + b[0];
        } else {
        s = s + 256 + b[0];
        }
        s = s * 256;
      if (b[1] >= 0) {
        s = s + b[1];
      } else {
        s = s + 256 + b[1];
      }
      short result = (short)s;
      return result;
    } 
    
    /**
      * 低字节数组到short的转换
      * @param b byte[]
      * @return short
      */
    public static short lBytesToShort(byte[] b) {
      int s = 0;
      if (b[1] >= 0) {
        s = s + b[1];
        } else {
        s = s + 256 + b[1];
        }
        s = s * 256;
      if (b[0] >= 0) {
        s = s + b[0];
      } else {
        s = s + 256 + b[0];
      }
      short result = (short)s;
      return result;
    } 
    
    /**
      * 高字节数组转换为float
      * @param b byte[]
      * @return float
      */
    public static float hBytesToFloat(byte[] b) {
      int i = 0;
      Float F = new Float(0.0);
      i = ((((b[0]&0xff)<<8 | (b[1]&0xff))<<8) | (b[2]&0xff))<<8 | (b[3]&0xff);
      return F.intBitsToFloat(i);
    } 
    
    /**
      * 低字节数组转换为float
      * @param b byte[]
      * @return float
      */
    public static float lBytesToFloat(byte[] b) {
      int i = 0;
      Float F = new Float(0.0);
      i = ((((b[3]&0xff)<<8 | (b[2]&0xff))<<8) | (b[1]&0xff))<<8 | (b[0]&0xff);
      return F.intBitsToFloat(i);
    } 
    
    /**
      * 将byte数组中的元素倒序排列
      */
    public static byte[] bytesReverseOrder(byte[] b) {
      int length = b.length;
      byte[] result = new byte[length];
      for(int i=0; i<length; i++) {
        result[length-i-1] = b;
      }
      return result;
    } 
    
    /**
      * 打印byte数组
      */
    public static void printBytes(byte[] bb) {
      int length = bb.length;
      for (int i=0; i<length; i++) {
        System.out.print(bb + " ");
      }
      System.out.println("");
    } 
    
    public static void logBytes(byte[] bb) {
      int length = bb.length;
      String out = "";
      for (int i=0; i<length; i++) {
        out = out + bb + " ";
      } 
    
    } 
    
    /**
      * 将int类型的值转换为字节序颠倒过来对应的int值
      * @param i int
      * @return int
      */
    public static int reverseInt(int i) {
      int result = FormatTransfer.hBytesToInt(FormatTransfer.toLH(i));
      return result;
    } 
    
    /**
      * 将short类型的值转换为字节序颠倒过来对应的short值
      * @param s short
      * @return short
      */
    public static short reverseShort(short s) {
      short result = FormatTransfer.hBytesToShort(FormatTransfer.toLH(s));
      return result;
    } 
    
    /**
      * 将float类型的值转换为字节序颠倒过来对应的float值
      * @param f float
      * @return float
      */
    public static float reverseFloat(float f) {
      float result = FormatTransfer.hBytesToFloat(FormatTransfer.toLH(f));
      return result;
    } 
    
    }

java整型数与网络字节序的 byte\[\] 数组转换关系

[http://www.cnblogs.com/devinzhang/archive/2012/09/28/2707605.html][http_www.cnblogs.com_devinzhang_archive_2012_09_28_2707605.html]

工作项目需要在java和c/c++之间进行socket通信，socket通信是以字节流或者字节包进行的，socket发送方须将数据转换为字节流或者字节包，而接收方则将字节流和字节包再转换回相应的数据类型。如果发送方和接收方都是同种语言，则一般只涉及到字节序的调整。而对于java和c/c++的通信，则情况就要复杂一些，主要是因为java中没有unsigned类型，并且java和c在某些数据类型上的长度不一致。  
　　本文就是针对这种情况，整理了java数据类型和网络字节流或字节包(相当于java的byte数组)之间转换方法。实际上网上这方面的资料不少，但往往不全，甚至有些有错误，于是就花了点时间对java整型数和网络字节序的byte\[\]之间转换的各种情况做了一些验证和整理。整理出来的函数如下：

public class ByteConvert {
        // 以下 是整型数 和 网络字节序的  byte[] 数组之间的转换
        public static byte[] longToBytes(long n) {
            byte[] b = new byte[8];
            b[7] = (byte) (n & 0xff);
            b[6] = (byte) (n >> 8  & 0xff);
            b[5] = (byte) (n >> 16 & 0xff);
            b[4] = (byte) (n >> 24 & 0xff);
            b[3] = (byte) (n >> 32 & 0xff);
            b[2] = (byte) (n >> 40 & 0xff);
            b[1] = (byte) (n >> 48 & 0xff);
            b[0] = (byte) (n >> 56 & 0xff);
            return b;
        }
        
        public static void longToBytes( long n, byte[] array, int offset ){
            array[7+offset] = (byte) (n & 0xff);
            array[6+offset] = (byte) (n >> 8 & 0xff);
            array[5+offset] = (byte) (n >> 16 & 0xff);
            array[4+offset] = (byte) (n >> 24 & 0xff);
            array[3+offset] = (byte) (n >> 32 & 0xff);
            array[2+offset] = (byte) (n >> 40 & 0xff);
            array[1+offset] = (byte) (n >> 48 & 0xff);
            array[0+offset] = (byte) (n >> 56 & 0xff);
        }
        
        public static long bytesToLong( byte[] array )
        {
            return ((((long) array[ 0] & 0xff) << 56)
                  | (((long) array[ 1] & 0xff) << 48)
                  | (((long) array[ 2] & 0xff) << 40)
                  | (((long) array[ 3] & 0xff) << 32)
                  | (((long) array[ 4] & 0xff) << 24)
                  | (((long) array[ 5] & 0xff) << 16)
                  | (((long) array[ 6] & 0xff) << 8) 
                  | (((long) array[ 7] & 0xff) << 0));        
        }
        
        public static long bytesToLong( byte[] array, int offset )
        {
            return ((((long) array[offset + 0] & 0xff) << 56)
                  | (((long) array[offset + 1] & 0xff) << 48)
                  | (((long) array[offset + 2] & 0xff) << 40)
                  | (((long) array[offset + 3] & 0xff) << 32)
                  | (((long) array[offset + 4] & 0xff) << 24)
                  | (((long) array[offset + 5] & 0xff) << 16)
                  | (((long) array[offset + 6] & 0xff) << 8) 
                  | (((long) array[offset + 7] & 0xff) << 0));            
        }
        
        public static byte[] intToBytes(int n) {
            byte[] b = new byte[4];
            b[3] = (byte) (n & 0xff);
            b[2] = (byte) (n >> 8 & 0xff);
            b[1] = (byte) (n >> 16 & 0xff);
            b[0] = (byte) (n >> 24 & 0xff);
            return b;
        }
        
        public static void intToBytes( int n, byte[] array, int offset ){
            array[3+offset] = (byte) (n & 0xff);
            array[2+offset] = (byte) (n >> 8 & 0xff);
            array[1+offset] = (byte) (n >> 16 & 0xff);
            array[offset] = (byte) (n >> 24 & 0xff);
        }    
    
        public static int bytesToInt(byte b[]) {
            return    b[3] & 0xff 
                   | (b[2] & 0xff) << 8 
                   | (b[1] & 0xff) << 16
                   | (b[0] & 0xff) << 24;
        }
    
        public static int bytesToInt(byte b[], int offset) {
            return    b[offset+3] & 0xff 
                   | (b[offset+2] & 0xff) << 8 
                   | (b[offset+1] & 0xff) << 16
                   | (b[offset] & 0xff) << 24;
        }
    
        public static byte[] uintToBytes( long n )
        {
            byte[] b = new byte[4];
            b[3] = (byte) (n & 0xff);
            b[2] = (byte) (n >> 8 & 0xff);
            b[1] = (byte) (n >> 16 & 0xff);
            b[0] = (byte) (n >> 24 & 0xff);
            
            return b;
        }
    
        public static void uintToBytes( long n, byte[] array, int offset ){
            array[3+offset] = (byte) (n );
            array[2+offset] = (byte) (n >> 8 & 0xff);
            array[1+offset] = (byte) (n >> 16 & 0xff);
            array[offset]   = (byte) (n >> 24 & 0xff);
        }
    
        public static long bytesToUint(byte[] array) {  
            return ((long) (array[3] & 0xff))  
                 | ((long) (array[2] & 0xff)) << 8  
                 | ((long) (array[1] & 0xff)) << 16  
                 | ((long) (array[0] & 0xff)) << 24;  
        }
    
        public static long bytesToUint(byte[] array, int offset) {   
            return ((long) (array[offset+3] & 0xff))  
                  | ((long) (array[offset+2] & 0xff)) << 8  
                 | ((long) (array[offset+1] & 0xff)) << 16  
                 | ((long) (array[offset]   & 0xff)) << 24;  
        }
    
        public static byte[] shortToBytes(short n) {
            byte[] b = new byte[2];
            b[1] = (byte) ( n       & 0xff);
            b[0] = (byte) ((n >> 8) & 0xff);
            return b;
        }
        
        public static void shortToBytes(short n, byte[] array, int offset ) {        
            array[offset+1] = (byte) ( n       & 0xff);
            array[offset] = (byte) ((n >> 8) & 0xff);
        }
        
        public static short bytesToShort(byte[] b){
            return (short)( b[1] & 0xff
                          |(b[0] & 0xff) << 8 ); 
        }    
    
        public static short bytesToShort(byte[] b, int offset){
            return (short)( b[offset+1] & 0xff
                          |(b[offset]    & 0xff) << 8 ); 
        }
    
        public static byte[] ushortToBytes(int n) {
            byte[] b = new byte[2];
            b[1] = (byte) ( n       & 0xff);
            b[0] = (byte) ((n >> 8) & 0xff);
            return b;
        }    
    
        public static void ushortToBytes(int n, byte[] array, int offset ) {
            array[offset+1] = (byte) ( n       & 0xff);
            array[offset] = (byte)   ((n >> 8) & 0xff);
        }
    
        public static int bytesToUshort(byte b[]) {
            return    b[1] & 0xff 
                   | (b[0] & 0xff) << 8;
        }    
    
        public static int bytesToUshort(byte b[], int offset) {
            return    b[offset+1] & 0xff 
                   | (b[offset]   & 0xff) << 8;
        }    
    
        public static byte[] ubyteToBytes( int n ){
            byte[] b = new byte[1];
            b[0] = (byte) (n & 0xff);
            return b;
        }
    
        public static void ubyteToBytes( int n, byte[] array, int offset ){
            array[0] = (byte) (n & 0xff);
        }
    
        public static int bytesToUbyte( byte[] array ){            
            return array[0] & 0xff;
        }        
    
        public static int bytesToUbyte( byte[] array, int offset ){            
            return array[offset] & 0xff;
        }    
        // char 类型、 float、double 类型和 byte[] 数组之间的转换关系还需继续研究实现。 
    }
    
    
    测试程序如下：
    
    public class ByteConvertTest {
        
        public static String byte2Hex(byte[] buf) 
        {
            StringBuffer strbuf = new StringBuffer();
            strbuf.append("{");
            for (byte b : buf) 
            {
                if (b == 0) 
                {
                    strbuf.append("00");
                } 
                else if (b == -1) 
                {
                    strbuf.append("FF");
                } 
                else 
                {
                    String str = Integer.toHexString(b).toUpperCase();
                    // sb.append(a);
                    if (str.length() == 8) 
                    {
                        str = str.substring(6, 8);
                    } 
                    else if (str.length() < 2) 
                    {
                        str = "0" + str;
                    }
                    strbuf.append(str);
                }
                strbuf.append(" ");
            }
            strbuf.append("}");
            return strbuf.toString();
        }    
    
        public static byte[] longToBytes(long n) {
            byte[] b = new byte[8];
            b[7] = (byte) (n & 0xff);
            b[6] = (byte) (n >> 8  & 0xff);
            b[5] = (byte) (n >> 16 & 0xff);
            b[4] = (byte) (n >> 24 & 0xff);
            b[3] = (byte) (n >> 32 & 0xff);
            b[2] = (byte) (n >> 40 & 0xff);
            b[1] = (byte) (n >> 48 & 0xff);
            b[0] = (byte) (n >> 56 & 0xff);
            return b;
        }
    
        public static long bytesToLong( byte[] array )
        {
            return ((((long) array[ 0] & 0xff) << 56)
                  | (((long) array[ 1] & 0xff) << 48)
                  | (((long) array[ 2] & 0xff) << 40)
                  | (((long) array[ 3] & 0xff) << 32)
                  | (((long) array[ 4] & 0xff) << 24)
                  | (((long) array[ 5] & 0xff) << 16)
                  | (((long) array[ 6] & 0xff) << 8) 
                  | (((long) array[ 7] & 0xff) ));        
        }
        
        public static int bytesToInt(byte b[]) {
            return    b[3] & 0xff 
                   | (b[2] & 0xff) << 8 
                   | (b[1] & 0xff) << 16
                   | (b[0] & 0xff) << 24;
        }
    
        public static long bytesToUint(byte[] array) {  
            return ((long) (array[3] & 0xff))  
                 | ((long) (array[2] & 0xff)) << 8  
                 | ((long) (array[1] & 0xff)) << 16  
                 | ((long) (array[0] & 0xff)) << 24;  
        }
    
        public static byte[] uintToBytes( long n )
        {
            byte[] b = new byte[4];
            b[3] = (byte) (n & 0xff);
            b[2] = (byte) (n >> 8 & 0xff);
            b[1] = (byte) (n >> 16 & 0xff);
            b[0] = (byte) (n >> 24 & 0xff);
            
            return b;
        }
        
    
        public static byte[] shortToBytes(short n) {
            byte[] b = new byte[2];
            b[1] = (byte) ( n       & 0xff);
            b[0] = (byte) ((n >> 8) & 0xff);
            return b;
        }
        
        public static short bytesToShort(byte[] b){
            return (short)( b[1] & 0xff
                          |(b[0] & 0xff) << 8 ); 
        }
        
        static void testShortConvert(){
            System.out.println("=================== short convert =============");
            System.out.println("byte2Hex(shortToBytes((short)0x11f2))"+byte2Hex(shortToBytes((short)0x11f2)));        
            System.out.print("println 0x11f2:");
            System.out.println((short)0x11f2);        
            System.out.println("byte2Hex(shortToBytes((short)0xf1f2))"+byte2Hex(shortToBytes((short)0xf1f2)));        
            System.out.print("println 0xf1f2:");
            System.out.println((short)0xf1f2);            
            System.out.print("println bytesToShort(shortToBytes((short)0x11f2)):");
            System.out.println((short)bytesToShort(shortToBytes((short)0x11f2)));            
            System.out.print("println bytesToShort(shortToBytes((short)0xf1f2)):");
            System.out.println((short)bytesToShort(shortToBytes((short)0xf1f2)));        
        }
        
    
        public static byte[] ushortToBytes(int n) {
            byte[] b = new byte[2];
            b[1] = (byte) (n & 0xff);
            b[0] = (byte) (n >> 8 & 0xff);
            return b;
        }
        
    
        public static int bytesToUshort(byte b[]) {
            return    b[1] & 0xff 
                   | (b[0] & 0xff) << 8;
        }
    
        static void testUshortConvert(){
            System.out.println("=================== Ushort convert =============");
            System.out.println("byte2Hex(ushortToBytes(0x11f2))"+byte2Hex(ushortToBytes(0x11f2)));        
            System.out.print("println 0x11f2:");
            System.out.println(0x11f2);        
            System.out.println("byte2Hex(ushortToBytes(0xf1f2))"+byte2Hex(ushortToBytes(0xf1f2)));        
            System.out.print("println 0xf1f2:");
            System.out.println(0xf1f2);            
            System.out.print("println bytesToUshort(ushortToBytes(0x11f2)):");
            System.out.println(bytesToUshort(ushortToBytes(0x11f2)));            
            System.out.print("println bytesToUshort(ushortToBytes(0xf1f2)):");
            System.out.println(bytesToUshort(ushortToBytes(0xf1f2)));        
        }
        
        public static byte[] ubyteToBytes( int n ){
            byte[] b = new byte[1];
            b[0] = (byte) (n & 0xff);
            return b;
        }
    
        public static int bytesToUbyte( byte[] array ){            
            return array[0] & 0xff;
        }    
    
        static void testUbyteConvert(){
            System.out.println("=================== Ubyte convert =============");
            System.out.println("byte2Hex(ubyteToBytes(0x1112))"+byte2Hex(ubyteToBytes(0x1112)));        
            System.out.print("println 0x1112:");
            System.out.println(0x1112);        
            System.out.println("byte2Hex(ubyteToBytes(0xf2))"+byte2Hex(ubyteToBytes(0xf2)));        
            System.out.print("println 0xf2:");
            System.out.println(0xf2);            
            System.out.print("println bytesToUbyte(ubyteToBytes(0x1112)):");
            System.out.println(bytesToUbyte(ubyteToBytes(0x1112)));            
            System.out.print("println bytesToUbyte(ubyteToBytes(0xf1f2)):");
            System.out.println(bytesToUbyte(ubyteToBytes(0xf1f2)));        
        }
        
        
        /**
         * @param args
         */
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub        
            byte[] array = new byte[4];
            array[3] = (byte) 0xF4;
            array[2] = 0x13;
            array[1] = 0x12;
            array[0] = 0x11;
            
            System.out.println("=================== Integer bytes =============");
            
            System.out.println("the bytes is:"+byte2Hex(array) );
            System.out.print("println bytesToInt :");
            System.out.println( bytesToInt(array));
            System.out.printf("printf bytesToInt :%X\n", bytesToInt(array));
            
            System.out.println("=================== long bytes =============");
            byte[] longBytes = new byte[8];
            
            longBytes[7] = (byte) 0xf7;
            longBytes[6] = (byte) 0x16;
            longBytes[5] = (byte) 0xf5;
            longBytes[4] = (byte) 0x14;
            longBytes[3] = (byte) 0xf3;
            longBytes[2] = (byte) 0x12;
            longBytes[1] = (byte) 0xf1;
            longBytes[0] = (byte) 0x10;
            
    
            System.out.println( "the bytes is:"+byte2Hex(longBytes) );
            System.out.printf("printf bytesToLong:%X\n",bytesToLong(longBytes));
            
            System.out.println("=================byte to long ================");
            
            byte b = (byte)0xf1;
            System.out.print("Println the byte:");
            System.out.println(b);
            System.out.printf("Printf the byte:%X\n",b);
            long l = b;
            System.out.print("Println byte to long:");
            System.out.println(l);
            System.out.printf("printf byte to long:%X\n",l);
            
            System.out.println("================= uint Bytes ================");
            
            byte[] uint = new byte[4];
            uint[3] = (byte) 0xf3;
            uint[2] = (byte) 0x12;
            uint[1] = (byte) 0xf1;
            uint[0] = (byte) 0xFF;
            
            System.out.println( "the bytes is:"+byte2Hex(uint) );
            System.out.printf("printf bytesToUint:%X\n",bytesToUint(uint));
            System.out.print("Println bytesToUint:");
            System.out.println(bytesToUint(uint));
            System.out.println("byte2Hex(uintToBytes(0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l)):"+byte2Hex(uintToBytes(0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l)));
            
            System.out.println("===============Long Integer==============");        
            System.out.print("println 0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l:");
            System.out.println(0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l);        
            System.out.printf("Printf 0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l:%X\n",0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l);
            System.out.println("println byte2Hex(longToBytes(0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l))"+byte2Hex(longToBytes(0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l)));
            // 注意，下面的这行，并不能获得正确的uint。
            System.out.printf("printf bytesToUint(longToBytes(0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l):%X\n",bytesToUint(longToBytes(0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l)));
            
            System.out.println("===============bytesToLong(longToBytes())==============");
            System.out.println(bytesToLong(longToBytes(0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l)));
            System.out.printf("%X\n",bytesToLong(longToBytes(0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l)));
            
            testShortConvert();
            testUshortConvert();
            testUbyteConvert();
        }
    
    }

[java中int与byte〔4〕的相互转换][java_int_byte_4]

[http://www.cnblogs.com/mayola/archive/2011/11/17/2253101.html][java_int_byte_4]

我们都知道，JAVA中的基本数据类型有int,byte,char,long,float,double...，它们与引用数据类型很不一样，之所有在如此面向对象的JAVA语言中依然支持这些值类型，就是考虑到性能的原因。现在，同样是因为考虑到性能，我们需要一种高效的方法使int与byte\[\]能够自由的相互转换，理由就是，我们需要在网络上传送数据，而网络上的数据都是byte数据流，这就需要一个int-> byte\[\]与byte\[\] -> int的方法。  
　　简单的方法，我们可以用DataOutputStream与ByteArrayOutputStream来将int转换成byte\[\]，方法就是：  
int i = 0;  
ByteArrayOutputStream boutput = newByteArrayOutputStream();  
DataOutputStream doutput = newDataOutputStream(boutput);  
doutput.writeInt(i);  
byte\[\] buf = boutput.toByteArray();  
执行相反的过程我们就可以将byte\[\]->int，我们要用到DataInputStream与ByteArrayInputStream。  
byte\[\] buf = new byte\[4\];  
ByteArrayInputStream bintput = newByteArrayInputStream(buf);  
DataInputStream dintput = new DataInputStream();  
int i = dintput.readInt();  
　　上面的方法可以达到int<->byte\[\]的转化，下面还有更加高效的方法，虽然看起来会比较费劲一些，但是性能的提升是显而易见的。

int -> byte[]
    
    privatebyte[] intToByteArray(final int integer) {
    int byteNum = (40 -Integer.numberOfLeadingZeros (integer < 0 ? ~integer : integer))/ 8;
    byte[] byteArray = new byte[4];
    
    for (int n = 0; n < byteNum; n++)
    byteArray[3 - n] = (byte) (integer>>> (n * 8));
    
    return (byteArray);
    }
    
    　　byte[] -> int
    
    public static int byteArrayToInt(byte[] b, int offset) {
           int value= 0;
           for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
               int shift= (4 - 1 - i) * 8;
               value +=(b[i + offset] & 0x000000FF) << shift;
           }
           return value;
     }
    ========================================
    
    import java.io.*;
    
    public class IOTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
      int i = 65535;   
      byte[] b = intToByteArray1(i);
      for(byte bb : b) {
       System.out.print(bb + " ");
      }
    }
    
    public static byte[] intToByteArray1(int i) {   
      byte[] result = new byte[4];   
      result[0] = (byte)((i >> 24) & 0xFF);
      result[1] = (byte)((i >> 16) & 0xFF);
      result[2] = (byte)((i >> 8) & 0xFF); 
      result[3] = (byte)(i & 0xFF);
      return result;
    }
    
    public static byte[] intToByteArray2(int i) throws Exception {
      ByteArrayOutputStream buf = new ByteArrayOutputStream();   
      DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(buf);   
      out.writeInt(i);   
      byte[] b = buf.toByteArray();
      out.close();
      buf.close();
      return b;
    }

# [ByteArrayOutputStream用法][ByteArrayOutputStream] #

字节数组流：  
ByteArrayOutputStream: 可以捕获内存缓冲区的数据，转换成字节数组。  
ByteArrayoutputStream bout=new ByteArrayOutputStream();  
bout.write(int a); bout.write(int b); bout.write(int c);  
byte\[\] buf=bout.toByteArray();//获取内存缓冲中的数据  
for(int i=0;i<=buf.length;i++)  
\{  
System.out.println(buf*);  
\}  
bout.close();  
注：通过调用reset（）方法可以重新定位。  
ByteArrayInputStream: 可以将字节数组转化为输入流  
ByteArrayInputStream bin=new ByteArrayInputStream(byte\[\] buf);  
int data=0;  
while( (b=bin.read())!=-1)  
\{  
System.out.println(b);  
\}  
bin.close();  
  
与DataOutputStream&DataInputStream联合使用：  
  
ByteArrayOutputStream bout=new ByteArrayOutputStream();  
DataOutputStream dos=new DataOutputStream(bout);  
String name="suntao";  
int age=19;  
dos.writeUTF(name);  
dos.writeInt(age);  
byte\[\] buf=bout.toByteArray();//获取内存缓冲区中的数据  
dos.close();  
bout.close();  
  
ByteArrayInputStream bin=new ByteArrayInputStream(byte\[\] buf);  
DataInputStream dis=new DataInputStream(bin);  
String name=dis.readUTF();//从字节数组中读取  
int age=dis.readInt();  
dis.close();  
bin.close();  
  
注: DataInputStream&DataOutputStream还可以与FileInputStream&FileOutputStream  
联合使用。  
其中：  
DataInputStream&DataOutputStream关心如何将数据从高层次的形式转化成低层次的形式.  
FileInputStream&FileOutputStream关心如何操作存储单元以接受和产生数据。*

JAVA里面关于byte数组和String之间的转换问题

JAVA里面关于byte数组和String之间的转换问题  
　　引自：http://soniccyj.bokee.com/6175850.html  
　　JAVA里面关于byte数组和String之间的转换问题  
　　把byte转化成string，必须经过编码。  
　　例如下面一个例子:  
　　import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;  
　　public class test\{  
　　public static void main(String g\[\]) \{  
　　String s = "12345abcd";  
　　byte b\[\] = s.getBytes();  
　　String t = b.toString();  
　　System.out.println(t);  
　　\}  
　　\}  
　　输出字符串的结果和字符串s不一样了.  
　　经过以下方式转码就可以正确转换了:  
　　public class test\{  
　　public static void main(String g\[\]) \{  
　　String s = "12345abcd";  
　　byte b\[\] = s.getBytes();  
　　try \{  
　　String t = new String(b);  
　　System.out.print(t);  
　　\} catch (Exception e) \{  
　　e.printStackTrace();  
　　\}  
　　\}  
　　\}  
　　引自：http://topic.csdn.net/t/20050404/10/3906398.html  
　　String str = "String";  
　　byte\[\] byte1 = str.getBytes();  
　　String str1 = new String(byte1);  
　　byte\[\] byte2 = str1.getBytes();  
　　String str2 = new String(byte2);  
　　System.out.println("str<<<" + str);  
　　System.out.println("byte1<<<" + byte1);  
　　System.out.println("str1<<<" + str1);  
　　System.out.println("byte2<<<" + byte2);  
　　System.out.println("str2<<<" + str2);  
　　-------------------------------------  
　　输出结果  
　　str<<<String  
　　byte1<<<\[B@192d342  
　　str1<<<String  
　　byte2<<<\[B@6b97fd  
　　str2<<<String  
　　想请教为什么两个byte输出的不一样呢?  
　　String str = "String";  
　　byte\[\] byte1 = str.getBytes();  
　　String str1 = new String(byte1);  
　　byte\[\] byte2 = str1.getBytes();  
　　----------  
　　注意byte1是str得到的byte数组，而byte2是另一个字符串str1得到的数组  
　　他们本身也是两个对象  
　　直接打印实际上调用的是toString()方法，而toString()的默认实现是打印对象类型+hashCode()  
　　\[B表示byte数组  
　　@表示之后的是地址  
　　后面跟着的是hashCode，其实就是其虚拟机地址  
　　所以这个结果也就是顺理成章了.

最近的项目中要使用到把byte\[\]类型转换成String字符串然后通过网络发送，但发现发现出去的字符串和获取的字符串虽然是一样的，但当用String的getBytes()的方法得到的byte\[\]跟原来的byte\[\]是不一样的。

看如下代码：

bytebytes\[\] = new byte\[\] \{ 50, 0, -1, 28, -24 \};

String string = new String(bytes);

byte\[\] ret = string.getBytes();

查看ret的数据发现是50, 0, -17, -65, -67, 28, -17, -65, -67,发现数据并不是原来的数据。

而使用如下代码就可以得到原来的数据：

bytebytes\[\] = new byte\[\] \{ 50, 0, -1, 28, -24 \};

StringisoString = new String(bytes, "ISO-8859-1");

byte\[\] isoret = isoString.getBytes("ISO-8859-1");

这是为什么呢？原因是第一种方法默认是用UTF-8编码来生成String的，用System.getProperty("sun.jnu.encoding")可以得到Android默认编码是UTF-8。UTF-8是可变长度的编码，原来的字节数组就被改变了。而ISO8859-1通常叫做Latin-1，Latin-1包括了书写所有西方欧洲语言不可缺少的附加字符，其中 0~127的字符与ASCII码相同，它是单字节的编码方式，这样第二种方式生成的String里的字节数组就跟原来的字节数组一样。在new String使用其他编码如GBK,GB2312的话一样也会导致字节数组发生变化，因此要想获取String里单字节数组，就应该使用iso8859-1编码。

[Java]: http://origin100.iteye.com/blog/267165
[http_www.cnblogs.com_devinzhang_archive_2012_09_28_2707605.html]: http://www.cnblogs.com/devinzhang/archive/2012/09/28/2707605.html
[java_int_byte_4]: http://www.cnblogs.com/mayola/archive/2011/11/17/2253101.html
[ByteArrayOutputStream]: http://www.cnblogs.com/mayola/archive/2011/11/17/2252646.html