跟我学springboot（四）场景启动器-starter

朱雀 2022-05-15 12:52 350阅读 0赞

上一节我们学习了简单的helloworld，那么是什么让我们几乎0配置运行起来的呢，我们从pom.xml开始分析一下。

# 1.打开pom文件 #

<parent>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
        </parent>

我们项目的父项目是上面的parent，按着ctrl点击spring-boot-starter-parent，看到父项目是下面的parent

<parent>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
            <relativePath>../../spring-boot-dependencies</relativePath>
        </parent>

继续按着ctrl不动，点击spring-boot-dependencies，可以看到

<activemq.version>5.14.5</activemq.version>
            <antlr2.version>2.7.7</antlr2.version>
            <appengine-sdk.version>1.9.59</appengine-sdk.version>
            <artemis.version>1.5.5</artemis.version>
            <aspectj.version>1.8.13</aspectj.version>
            <assertj.version>2.6.0</assertj.version>
            <atomikos.version>3.9.3</atomikos.version>
            <bitronix.version>2.1.4</bitronix.version>
            <caffeine.version>2.3.5</caffeine.version>
            <cassandra-driver.version>3.1.4</cassandra-driver.version>
            <classmate.version>1.3.4</classmate.version>
            <commons-beanutils.version>1.9.3</commons-beanutils.version>
            <commons-collections.version>3.2.2</commons-collections.version>
            <commons-codec.version>1.10</commons-codec.version>
            <commons-dbcp.version>1.4</commons-dbcp.version>
            <commons-dbcp2.version>2.1.1</commons-dbcp2.version>
            <commons-digester.version>2.1</commons-digester.version>
            <commons-pool.version>1.6</commons-pool.version>
            <commons-pool2.version>2.4.3</commons-pool2.version>
            <couchbase-client.version>2.3.7</couchbase-client.version>
            <couchbase-cache-client.version>2.1.0</couchbase-cache-client.version>
            <crashub.version>1.3.2</crashub.version>
            <derby.version>10.13.1.1</derby.version>
            <dom4j.version>1.6.1</dom4j.version>
            <dropwizard-metrics.version>3.1.5</dropwizard-metrics.version>
            <ehcache.version>2.10.4</ehcache.version>
            <ehcache3.version>3.2.3</ehcache3.version>
            <embedded-mongo.version>1.50.5</embedded-mongo.version>
            <flyway.version>3.2.1</flyway.version>
            <freemarker.version>2.3.27-incubating</freemarker.version>
            <elasticsearch.version>2.4.6</elasticsearch.version>
            <gemfire.version>8.2.7</gemfire.version>
            <glassfish-el.version>3.0.0</glassfish-el.version>
            <gradle.version>2.9</gradle.version>
            <groovy.version>2.4.13</groovy.version>
            <gson.version>2.8.2</gson.version>
            <h2.version>1.4.196</h2.version>
            <hamcrest.version>1.3</hamcrest.version>
            <hazelcast.version>3.7.8</hazelcast.version>
            <hazelcast-hibernate4.version>3.7.1</hazelcast-hibernate4.version>
            <hazelcast-hibernate5.version>1.1.3</hazelcast-hibernate5.version>
            <hibernate.version>5.0.12.Final</hibernate.version>
            <hibernate-validator.version>5.3.6.Final</hibernate-validator.version>
            <hikaricp.version>2.5.1</hikaricp.version>
            <hikaricp-java6.version>2.3.13</hikaricp-java6.version>
            <hikaricp-java7.version>2.4.13</hikaricp-java7.version>
            <hsqldb.version>2.3.5</hsqldb.version>
            <htmlunit.version>2.21</htmlunit.version>
            <httpasyncclient.version>4.1.3</httpasyncclient.version>
            <httpclient.version>4.5.3</httpclient.version>
            <httpcore.version>4.4.8</httpcore.version>
            <infinispan.version>8.2.8.Final</infinispan.version>
            <jackson.version>2.8.10</jackson.version>
            <janino.version>2.7.8</janino.version>
            <javassist.version>3.21.0-GA</javassist.version> 
            <javax-cache.version>1.0.0</javax-cache.version>
            <javax-mail.version>1.5.6</javax-mail.version>
            <javax-transaction.version>1.2</javax-transaction.version>
            <javax-validation.version>1.1.0.Final</javax-validation.version>
            <jaxen.version>1.1.6</jaxen.version>
            <jaybird.version>2.2.13</jaybird.version>
            <jboss-logging.version>3.3.1.Final</jboss-logging.version>
            <jboss-transaction-spi.version>7.6.0.Final</jboss-transaction-spi.version>
            <jdom2.version>2.0.6</jdom2.version>
            <jedis.version>2.9.0</jedis.version>
            <jersey.version>2.25.1</jersey.version>
            <jest.version>2.0.4</jest.version>
            <jetty.version>9.4.7.v20170914</jetty.version>
            <jetty-jsp.version>2.2.0.v201112011158</jetty-jsp.version>
            <jetty-el.version>8.0.33</jetty-el.version>
            <jms-api.version>1.1-rev-1</jms-api.version>
            <jmustache.version>1.13</jmustache.version>
            <jna.version>4.2.2</jna.version>
            <joda-time.version>2.9.9</joda-time.version>
            <jolokia.version>1.3.7</jolokia.version>
            <jooq.version>3.9.6</jooq.version>
            <json.version>20140107</json.version>
            <jsonassert.version>1.4.0</jsonassert.version>
            <json-path.version>2.2.0</json-path.version>
            <jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
            <jtds.version>1.3.1</jtds.version>
            <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
            <liquibase.version>3.5.3</liquibase.version>
            <log4j2.version>2.7</log4j2.version>
            <logback.version>1.1.11</logback.version>
            <lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
            <mariadb.version>1.5.9</mariadb.version>
            <mssql-jdbc.version>6.1.0.jre7</mssql-jdbc.version>
            <mockito.version>1.10.19</mockito.version>
            <mongodb.version>3.4.3</mongodb.version>
            <mysql.version>5.1.44</mysql.version>
            <narayana.version>5.5.30.Final</narayana.version>
            <nekohtml.version>1.9.22</nekohtml.version>
            <neo4j-ogm.version>2.1.5</neo4j-ogm.version>
            <postgresql.version>9.4.1212.jre7</postgresql.version>
            <querydsl.version>4.1.4</querydsl.version>
            <reactor.version>2.0.8.RELEASE</reactor.version>
            <reactor-spring.version>2.0.7.RELEASE</reactor-spring.version>
            <selenium.version>2.53.1</selenium.version>
            <selenium-htmlunit.version>2.21</selenium-htmlunit.version>
            <sendgrid.version>2.2.2</sendgrid.version>
            <servlet-api.version>3.1.0</servlet-api.version>
            <simple-json.version>1.1.1</simple-json.version>
            <slf4j.version>1.7.25</slf4j.version>
            <snakeyaml.version>1.17</snakeyaml.version>
            <solr.version>5.5.5</solr.version>
            <spock.version>1.0-groovy-2.4</spock.version>
            <spring.version>4.3.13.RELEASE</spring.version>
            <spring-amqp.version>1.7.4.RELEASE</spring-amqp.version>
            <spring-cloud-connectors.version>1.2.5.RELEASE</spring-cloud-connectors.version>
            <spring-batch.version>3.0.8.RELEASE</spring-batch.version>
            <spring-data-releasetrain.version>Ingalls-SR9</spring-data-releasetrain.version>
            <spring-hateoas.version>0.23.0.RELEASE</spring-hateoas.version>
            <spring-integration.version>4.3.12.RELEASE</spring-integration.version>
            <spring-integration-java-dsl.version>1.2.3.RELEASE</spring-integration-java-dsl.version>
            <spring-kafka.version>1.1.7.RELEASE</spring-kafka.version>
            <spring-ldap.version>2.3.2.RELEASE</spring-ldap.version>
            <spring-loaded.version>1.2.8.RELEASE</spring-loaded.version>
            <spring-mobile.version>1.1.5.RELEASE</spring-mobile.version>
            <spring-plugin.version>1.2.0.RELEASE</spring-plugin.version>
            <spring-restdocs.version>1.1.3.RELEASE</spring-restdocs.version>
            <spring-retry.version>1.2.1.RELEASE</spring-retry.version>
            <spring-security.version>4.2.3.RELEASE</spring-security.version>
            <spring-security-jwt.version>1.0.8.RELEASE</spring-security-jwt.version>
            <spring-security-oauth.version>2.0.14.RELEASE</spring-security-oauth.version>
            <spring-session.version>1.3.1.RELEASE</spring-session.version>
            <spring-social.version>1.1.4.RELEASE</spring-social.version>
            <spring-social-facebook.version>2.0.3.RELEASE</spring-social-facebook.version>
            <spring-social-linkedin.version>1.0.2.RELEASE</spring-social-linkedin.version>
            <spring-social-twitter.version>1.1.2.RELEASE</spring-social-twitter.version>
            <spring-ws.version>2.4.2.RELEASE</spring-ws.version>
            <sqlite-jdbc.version>3.15.1</sqlite-jdbc.version>
            <statsd-client.version>3.1.0</statsd-client.version>
            <sun-mail.version>${javax-mail.version}</sun-mail.version>
            <thymeleaf.version>2.1.6.RELEASE</thymeleaf.version>
            <thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity4.version>2.1.3.RELEASE</thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity4.version>
            <thymeleaf-extras-conditionalcomments.version>2.1.2.RELEASE</thymeleaf-extras-conditionalcomments.version>
            <thymeleaf-layout-dialect.version>1.4.0</thymeleaf-layout-dialect.version>
            <thymeleaf-extras-data-attribute.version>1.3</thymeleaf-extras-data-attribute.version>
            <thymeleaf-extras-java8time.version>2.1.0.RELEASE</thymeleaf-extras-java8time.version>
            <tomcat.version>8.5.23</tomcat.version>
            <undertow.version>1.4.21.Final</undertow.version>
            <unboundid-ldapsdk.version>3.2.1</unboundid-ldapsdk.version>
            <webjars-hal-browser.version>9f96c74</webjars-hal-browser.version>
            <webjars-locator.version>0.32-1</webjars-locator.version>
            <wsdl4j.version>1.6.3</wsdl4j.version>
            <xml-apis.version>1.4.01</xml-apis.version>
            
            <build-helper-maven-plugin.version>1.10</build-helper-maven-plugin.version>
            <exec-maven-plugin.version>1.5.0</exec-maven-plugin.version>
            <git-commit-id-plugin.version>2.2.3</git-commit-id-plugin.version>
            <maven-antrun-plugin.version>1.8</maven-antrun-plugin.version>
            <maven-assembly-plugin.version>2.6</maven-assembly-plugin.version>
            <maven-clean-plugin.version>2.6.1</maven-clean-plugin.version>
            <maven-compiler-plugin.version>3.1</maven-compiler-plugin.version>
            <maven-dependency-plugin.version>2.10</maven-dependency-plugin.version>
            <maven-deploy-plugin.version>2.8.2</maven-deploy-plugin.version>
            <maven-eclipse-plugin.version>2.10</maven-eclipse-plugin.version>
            <maven-enforcer-plugin.version>1.4</maven-enforcer-plugin.version>
            <maven-failsafe-plugin.version>2.18.1</maven-failsafe-plugin.version>
            <maven-install-plugin.version>2.5.2</maven-install-plugin.version>
            <maven-invoker-plugin.version>1.10</maven-invoker-plugin.version>
            <maven-help-plugin.version>2.2</maven-help-plugin.version>
            <maven-jar-plugin.version>2.6</maven-jar-plugin.version>
            <maven-javadoc-plugin.version>2.10.4</maven-javadoc-plugin.version>
            <maven-resources-plugin.version>2.7</maven-resources-plugin.version>
            <maven-shade-plugin.version>2.4.3</maven-shade-plugin.version>
            <maven-site-plugin.version>3.5.1</maven-site-plugin.version>
            <maven-source-plugin.version>2.4</maven-source-plugin.version>
            <maven-surefire-plugin.version>2.18.1</maven-surefire-plugin.version>
            <maven-war-plugin.version>2.6</maven-war-plugin.version>
            <versions-maven-plugin.version>2.2</versions-maven-plugin.version>

这里面已经帮我们引入了许多的依赖，这个是帮我们来管理springboot的所有版本依赖。

# 2.启动器 #

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring‐boot‐starter‐web</artifactId>
    </dependency>

starter启动器帮我们导入了web模块正常运行所依赖的组件。  
Spring Boot将所有的功能场景都抽取出来，做成一个个的starters（启动器），只需要在项目里面引入这些starter  
相关场景的所有依赖都会导入进来。要用什么功能就导入什么场景的启动器

# 3.如何寻找自己需要的starter #

# 3.1进入网址：[https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current-SNAPSHOT/reference/htmlsingle/\#boot-features-custom-starter][https_docs.spring.io_spring-boot_docs_current-SNAPSHOT_reference_htmlsingle_boot-features-custom-starter] #

# 3.2找到如图的starter选项 #

![这里写图片描述][70]  
点击进入，找到选项  
![这里写图片描述][70 1]  
![这里写图片描述][70 2]  
这里有我们需要的starter，可以根据自己的选择，点击后面的pom来选择导入。  
![这里写图片描述][70 3]

# 4.总结 #

Starters是一个依赖描述符的集合，你可以将它包含进项目中，这样添加依赖就非常方便。你可以获取所有Spring及相关技术的一站式服务，而不需要翻阅示例代码，拷贝粘贴大量的依赖描述符。例如，如果你想使用Spring和JPA进行数据库访问，只需要在项目中包含spring-boot-starter-data-jpa依赖，然后你就可以开始了。  
该starters包含很多搭建，快速运行项目所需的依赖，并提供一致的，可管理传递性的依赖集。

[https_docs.spring.io_spring-boot_docs_current-SNAPSHOT_reference_htmlsingle_boot-features-custom-starter]: https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current-SNAPSHOT/reference/htmlsingle/#boot-features-custom-starter
[70]: /images/20220515/48b77e62f97e4a0381de25258710e25f.png
[70 1]: /images/20220515/201034dcb65944a6bad727489ec9fae4.png
[70 2]: /images/20220515/a68df0c66c844343815dcf13015fb555.png
[70 3]: /images/20220515/1d8800ee9f49467694981b61f9af96f6.png