更换红旗Linux: Asianux的yum源为网易源

向右看齐 2022-05-15 00:48 571阅读 0赞

**测试环境：**

Linux系统版本Asianux4\_x64：Linux localhost.localdomain 2.6.32-279.2.1.el6.x86\_64 \#1 SMP Tue Aug 14 11:42:24 CST 2012 x86\_64 x86\_64 x86\_64 GNU/Linux  
本质上Asianux4\_x64就是基于Redhat6企业版的。

**出现问题：**

安装完系统之后，想通过yum安装一些程序，但是提示错误：

Loaded plugins: axtu-plugin, refresh-packagekit, security  
Please register, or you can not connect to Asianux Update Server!  
Setting up Install Process  
No package gcc available.  
Error: Nothing to do

以上的错误提示我们必须先注册，否则无法连接到Asianux的yum服务器。

那么我们不注册，怎么更换yum源为可以直接使用的网易yum源呢？

**解决方案：**

**1. 卸载Asianux自带的yum源**

\[root@localhost 桌面\]\# rpm -aq | grep yum | xargs rpm -e --nodeps

\[root@localhost 桌面\]\# whereis yum  
yum: /etc/yum

\[root@localhost 桌面\]\# rm -rf /etc/yum

**2. 下载yum安装包**

下载地址：http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86\_64/Packages/

从这个地址中下载需要的包：

python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm  
yum-3.2.29-60.el6.centos.noarch.rpm  
yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86\_64.rpm  
yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-30.el6.noarch.rpm

如果不是通过浏览器找到具体文件下载，可以通过wget下载。

\----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1.清除原有RHEL的YUM及相关软件包。  
rpm -qa | grep yum | xargs rpm -e --nodeps  
rpm -qa |grep python-urlgrabber|xargs rpm -e --nodeps  
2.下载centos6的相关软件包。  
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86\_64/Packages/yum-3.2.29-73.el6.centos.noarch.rpm  
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86\_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86\_64.rpm  
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86\_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-37.el6.noarch.rpm  
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86\_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm  
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86\_64/Packages/python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-11.el6.noarch.rpm  
\*注释:这些软件包的具体的版本，请到http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86\_64/Packages/ 目录下，选择下载上述软件包。网上很多文章没法直接使用就是因为软件包的版本问题。  
  
3.安装软件包。  
rpm -ivh python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm  
rpm -ivh python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-11.el6.noarch.rpm  
rpm -ivh yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86\_64.rpm  
rpm -ivh yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-37.el6.noarch.rpm yum-3.2.29-73.el6.centos.noarch.rpm  
\*注释yum-plugin-fastestmirror和yum-3.2.29要一起安装。  
  
如果按照遇到问题：发现错误，python-urlgrabber版本必须大于等于3.9.1-10  
 \# rpm -ivh  yum-3.2.29-73.el6.centos.noarch.rpm yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-37.el6.noarch.rpm  
warning: yum-3.2.29-73.el6.centos.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY  
error: Failed dependencies:  
    python-urlgrabber >= 3.9.1-10 is needed by yum-3.2.29-73.el6.centos.noarch  
查看系统的python信息  
\# rpm -qa|grep python  
  
发现python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-9.el6.noarch 版本低于3.9.1-10   
卸载：python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-9.el6.noarch  
 rpm -e python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-9.el6.noarch  
安装：rpm -ivh python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-11.el6.noarch.rpm  
  
安装yum  
\# rpm -ivh yum-\*  
更改yum源  
cd /etc/yum.repos.d/  
下载配置文件  
wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo  
将此配置文件替换/etc/yum.repos.d同名文件  
sed -i "s;\\$releasever;6;g" CentOS6-Base-163.repo  
mv rhel-source.repo rhel-source.repo.bak  
  
或者编辑配置文件  
  
  
\#vim CentOS-Base.repo  
  
把$releasever替换成现有系统的版本号(6)  
vim替换命令  
：%s/$releasever/6/g  
退出保存  
  
清理yum缓存  
\#yum clean all  
将服务器软件包信息缓存至本地，提高搜索安装效率  
\#yum makecache  
  
测试  
\#yum seach vim

**3. 安装yum的相关rpm包**

\[root@localhost myself\]\# rpm -ivh python\*  
warning: python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY  
Preparing...                \#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\# \[100%\]  
   1:python-iniparse        \#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\# \[100%\]  
\[root@localhost myself\]\# rpm -ivh yum\*  
warning: yum-3.2.29-69.el6.centos.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY  
Preparing...                \#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\# \[100%\]  
   1:yum-metadata-parser    \#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\# \[ 33%\]  
   2:yum-plugin-fastestmirro\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\# \[ 67%\]  
   3:yum                    \#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\# \[100%\]  
\[root@localhost myself\]\#

**4. 配置网易源**

如果 /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-debuginfo.repo 这个文件存在的话就备份一下：

\[root@localhost myself\]\# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-debuginfo.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-debuginfo.repo.bak  
如果本来就没有，就新建：

\[root@localhost myself\]\# touch /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-debuginfo.repo

编辑新建的文件，加入网易源：

\[root@localhost myself\]\# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-debuginfo.repo

\[base\]  
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base  
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/$basearch/  
gpgcheck=1  
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6  
  
\#released updates  
\[updates\]  
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates  
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/updates/$basearch/  
gpgcheck=1  
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6  
  
\#packages used/produced in the build but not released  
\#\[addons\]  
\#name=CentOS-$releasever - Addons  
\#baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/addons/$basearch/  
\#gpgcheck=1  
\#gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6  
\#additional packages that may be useful  
\[extras\]  
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras  
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/extras/$basearch/  
gpgcheck=1  
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6  
\#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages  
\[centosplus\]  
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus  
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/centosplus/$basearch/  
gpgcheck=1  
enabled=0

保存退出编辑器即可。

**5. 清理缓存**

\[root@localhost myself\]\# yum clean all  
已加载插件：fastestmirror  
Cleaning repos: base extras updates  
清理一切

**6. 将服务器上的软件包信息缓存到本地,以提高搜索安装软件的速度**

\[root@localhost 桌面\]\# yum makecache  
已加载插件：fastestmirror  
Determining fastest mirrors  
base                                                     | 3.7 kB     00:00       
base/group\_gz                                            | 219 kB     00:01       
base/filelists\_db                                        | 6.3 MB     01:40       
base/primary\_db                                          | 4.6 MB     01:06       
base/other\_db                                            | 2.8 MB     00:40       
extras                                                   | 3.4 kB     00:00       
extras/filelists\_db                                      |  30 kB     00:00       
extras/prestodelta                                       |  601 B     00:00       
extras/primary\_db                                        |  27 kB     00:00       
extras/other\_db                                          |  30 kB     00:00       
updates                                                  | 3.4 kB     00:00       
updates/filelists\_db                                     | 1.0 MB     00:14       
updates/prestodelta                                      |  93 kB     00:01       
updates/primary\_db                                       | 1.3 MB     00:19       
updates/other\_db                                         |  15 MB     03:43       
元数据缓存已建立

至此，网易yum源已经安装成功。

[更换红旗Linux: Asianux的yum源为网易源][Linux_ Asianux_yum]

[Linux_ Asianux_yum]: http://www.it610.com/article/3539924.htm