docker容器一镜像、容器的简单操作

约定不等于承诺〃 2022-05-13 09:22 265阅读 0赞

*  一、镜像操作
    
     *  1.搜索镜像
     *  2.下载镜像
     *  3.查看镜像列表
     *  4.导出镜像
     *  5.删除镜像
     *  6.导入镜像
 *  二、容器操作
    
     *  1.启动容器
     *  2.指定nginx镜像创建docker-nginx容器
     *  3.启动docker-nginx
     *  4.进入正在运行的容器
     *  5.删除容器

# 一、镜像操作 #

## 1.搜索镜像 ##

[root@docker-server ~]# docker search nginx|head -2
    NAME                                                   DESCRIPTION                                     STARS               OFFICIAL            AUTOMATED
    nginx                                                  Official build of Nginx.                        9563                [OK]

## 2.下载镜像 ##

[root@docker-server ~]# docker pull nginx
    Using default tag: latest
    latest: Pulling from library/nginx
    802b00ed6f79: Pull complete 
    e9d0e0ea682b: Pull complete 
    d8b7092b9221: Pull complete 
    Digest: sha256:24a0c4b4a4c0eb97a1aabb8e29f18e917d05abfe1b7a7c07857230879ce7d3d3
    Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest

## 3.查看镜像列表 ##

[root@docker-server ~]# docker images
    REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
    hello-world         latest              4ab4c602aa5e        3 days ago          1.84kB
    nginx               latest              06144b287844        6 days ago          109MB
    alpine              latest              11cd0b38bc3c        2 months ago        4.41MB

## 4.导出镜像 ##

[root@docker-server ~]# docker save nginx >/root/nginx.tar.gz
    [root@docker-server ~]# ll /root/nginx.tar.gz 
    -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 112784384 Sep 11 12:34 /root/nginx.tar.gz

## 5.删除镜像 ##

[root@docker-server ~]# docker image rm nginx
    Untagged: nginx:latest
    Untagged: nginx@sha256:24a0c4b4a4c0eb97a1aabb8e29f18e917d05abfe1b7a7c07857230879ce7d3d3
    Deleted: sha256:06144b2878448774e55577ae7d66b5f43a87c2e44322b3884e4e6c70d070b262
    Deleted: sha256:824a442ee3c96744d75be3737a22cc6a47aebad1b30be67f3c2f8f29cb0aa879
    Deleted: sha256:8e3d1e9e4945f930c93c30617512998437f6edafd86676770d29b1581f2520bb
    Deleted: sha256:8b15606a9e3e430cb7ba739fde2fbb3734a19f8a59a825ffa877f9be49059817
    [root@docker-server ~]# docker images
    REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
    hello-world         latest              4ab4c602aa5e        3 days ago          1.84kB
    alpine              latest              11cd0b38bc3c        2 months ago        4.41MB

## 6.导入镜像 ##

[root@docker-server ~]# docker load < nginx.tar.gz 
    8b15606a9e3e: Loading layer  58.44MB/58.44MB
    67d3ae5dfa34: Loading layer  54.32MB/54.32MB
    579c75bb43c0: Loading layer  3.584kB/3.584kB
    Loaded image: nginx:latest
    [root@docker-server ~]# docker images
    REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
    hello-world         latest              4ab4c602aa5e        3 days ago          1.84kB
    nginx               latest              06144b287844        6 days ago          109MB
    alpine              latest              11cd0b38bc3c        2 months ago        4.41MB

# 二、容器操作 #

## 1.启动容器 ##

[root@docker-server ~]# docker run nginx echo "Hello World"
    Hello World
    查看所有容器（启动与未启动）
    [root@docker-server ~]# docker ps -a
    CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                CREATED             STATUS                      PORTS               NAMES
    46e63b64fa44        nginx               "echo 'Hello World'"   21 seconds ago      Exited (0) 19 seconds ago

## 2.指定nginx镜像创建docker-nginx容器 ##

[root@docker-server ~]# docker run --name docker-nginx -i -t nginx /bin/bash
    root@4c127ca38bf4:/# ls
    bin  boot  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
    root@4c127ca38bf4:/# exit
    exit
    ====》参数
    -t  建立伪终端
    -i  打开标准输入

## 3.启动docker-nginx ##

[root@docker-server ~]# docker ps -a
    CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                CREATED             STATUS                      PORTS               NAMES
    4c127ca38bf4        nginx               "/bin/bash"            8 minutes ago       Exited (0) 15 seconds ago                       docker-nginx
    46e63b64fa44        nginx               "echo 'Hello World'"   14 minutes ago      Exited (0) 14 minutes ago 
    
    [root@docker-server ~]# docker start docker-nginx
    docker-nginx
    [root@docker-server ~]# docker ps 
    CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
    4c127ca38bf4        nginx               "/bin/bash"         9 minutes ago       Up 5 seconds        80/tcp              docker-nginx

## 4.进入正在运行的容器 ##

方式一：(退出后进程结束)
    [root@docker-server ~]# docker attach docker-nginx 
    root@4c127ca38bf4:/# 
    方式二：（退出后进程为结束）
    获取容器pid
    [root@docker-server ~]# docker inspect -f "{ { .State.Pid }}" docker-nginx 
    14423
    [root@docker-server ~]# nsenter -t 14423 -m -u -i -n -p
    root@4c127ca38bf4:/# 
    方式三
    [root@docker-server ~]# docker exec -it docker-nginx /bin/bash
    root@4c127ca38bf4:/#

## 5.删除容器 ##

[root@docker-server ~]# docker rm docker-nginx