跟我学springboot（十九）springboot-模板引擎thymeleaf

冷不防 2022-05-12 09:52 178阅读 0赞

# 1.如何使用thymeleaf #

## 1.1如何引入 ##

首先进入官网寻找thymeleaf的starter，不会寻找的可以看我之前的文章[跟我学springboot（四）场景启动器-starter][springboot_-starter]，找到我们需要的starter。![在这里插入图片描述][70]  
点击spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf  
引入：

<dependency><dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    		<properties>
    			<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    			<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
    			<java.version>1.8</java.version>
    			<thymeleaf.version>3.0.9.RELEASE</thymeleaf.version>
    			
    			
    			<thymeleaf-layout-dialect.version>2.2.2</thymeleaf-layout-dialect.version>
    		</properties>

# 2.使用thymeleaf #

## 2.1 使用文档API ##

进入thymeleaf官网：[https://www.thymeleaf.org/documentation.html][https_www.thymeleaf.org_documentation.html] 下载使用文档的pdf文档。在文档中详细的介绍了thymeleaf的使用方法。  
![在这里插入图片描述][70 1]

## 2.2使用方法 ##

首先我们查看thymeleaf的配置类代码，可以看到只要我们把HTML页面放在classpath:/templates/，thymeleaf就能自动渲染；

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.thymeleaf") public class ThymeleafProperties { private static final Charset DEFAULT_ENCODING = Charset.forName("UTF‐8"); private static final MimeType DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPE = MimeType.valueOf("text/html"); public static final String DEFAULT_PREFIX = "classpath:/templates/"; public static final String DEFAULT_SUFFIX = ".html"; //

使用步骤：  
1）在html导入thymeleaf的名称空间

2）使用thymeleaf语法；

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"> <head> <meta charset="UTF‐8"> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> <h1>成功！</h1> <!‐‐th:text 将div里面的文本内容设置为 ‐‐> <div th:text="${hello}">这是显示欢迎信息</div> </body> </html>

# 3.语法规则 #

## 3.1 th ##

th:text；改变当前元素里面的文本内容；th：任意html属性；来替换原生属性的值  
在pdf文档的第10章详细说明了th的使用方法：  
![在这里插入图片描述][70 2]  
![在这里插入图片描述][70 3]

## 3.2 表达式 ##

在文档的第四章已经给出了详细的用法，这里就不说了，看使用文档就可以。  
![在这里插入图片描述][70 4]

Simple expressions:（表达式语法）
    Variable Expressions: ${...}：获取变量值；OGNL；
    1）、获取对象的属性、调用方法
    2）、使用内置的基本对象：
    #ctx : the context object.
    #vars: the context variables.
    #vars: the context variables.
    #locale : the context locale.
    #request : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletRequest object.
    #response : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletResponse object.
    #session : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpSession object.
    #servletContext : (only in Web Contexts) the ServletContext object.
    ${session.foo}
    3）、内置的一些工具对象：
    #execInfo : information about the template being processed.
    #messages : methods for obtaining externalized messages inside variables expressions, in the
    same way as they would be obtained using #{…} syntax.
    #uris : methods for escaping parts of URLs/URIs
    #conversions : methods for executing the configured conversion service (if any).
    #dates : methods for java.util.Date objects: formatting, component extraction, etc.
    #calendars : analogous to #dates , but for java.util.Calendar objects.
    #numbers : methods for formatting numeric objects.
    #strings : methods for String objects: contains, startsWith, prepending/appending, etc.
    #objects : methods for objects in general.
    #bools : methods for boolean evaluation.
    #arrays : methods for arrays.
    #lists : methods for lists.
    #sets : methods for sets.
    #maps : methods for maps.
    #aggregates : methods for creating aggregates on arrays or collections.
    #ids : methods for dealing with id attributes that might be repeated (for example, as a
    result of an iteration).
    Selection Variable Expressions: *{...}：选择表达式：和${}在功能上是一样；
    补充：配合 th:object="${session.user}：
    <div th:object="${session.user}">
    <p>Name: <span th:text="*{firstName}">Sebastian</span>.</p>
    <p>Surname: <span th:text="*{lastName}">Pepper</span>.</p>
    <p>Nationality: <span th:text="*{nationality}">Saturn</span>.</p>
    </div>
    Message Expressions: #{...}：获取国际化内容
    Link URL Expressions: @{...}：定义URL；
    @{/order/process(execId=${execId},execType='FAST')}
    Fragment Expressions: ~{...}：片段引用表达式
    <div th:insert="~{commons :: main}">...</div>
    Literals（字面量）
    Text literals: 'one text' , 'Another one!' ,…
    Number literals: 0 , 34 , 3.0 , 12.3 ,…
    Boolean literals: true , false
    Null literal: null
    Literal tokens: one , sometext , main ,…
    Text operations:（文本操作）
    String concatenation: +
    Literal substitutions: |The name is ${name}|
    Arithmetic operations:（数学运算）
    Binary operators: + , ‐ , * , / , %
    Minus sign (unary operator): ‐
    Boolean operations:（布尔运算）
    Binary operators: and , or
    Boolean negation (unary operator): ! , not
    Comparisons and equality:（比较运算）
    Comparators: > , < , >= , <= ( gt , lt , ge , le )
    Equality operators: == , != ( eq , ne )
    Conditional operators:条件运算（三元运算符）
    If‐then: (if) ? (then)
    If‐then‐else: (if) ? (then) : (else)
    Default: (value) ?: (defaultvalue)
    Special tokens:
    No‐Operation: _

# 4.thymeleaf使用API文档 #

我已经放在了百度云上，下载地址：  
[https://pan.baidu.com/s/1-xw0MmXDQUX-ovDOKiLRkA][https_pan.baidu.com_s_1-xw0MmXDQUX-ovDOKiLRkA]  
使用时可以仔细查阅，这里就不多说了。

[springboot_-starter]: https://blog.csdn.net/a303549861/article/details/82194128
[70]: /images/20220512/601785d6b9cc492db813d15070b77aec.png
[https_www.thymeleaf.org_documentation.html]: https://www.thymeleaf.org/documentation.html
[70 1]: /images/20220512/2a520c5894ec488e8cc333ac9e7b8268.png
[70 2]: /images/20220512/6dfa5bd497a5418e96233ec4d2b4d098.png
[70 3]: /images/20220512/b26732ccfe224c1c9aab6e7df8d68939.png
[70 4]: /images/20220512/ab9f11d9542643219a8896872ad136d4.png
[https_pan.baidu.com_s_1-xw0MmXDQUX-ovDOKiLRkA]: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1-xw0MmXDQUX-ovDOKiLRkA