Android实现蓝牙耳机连接

矫情吗；* 2022-05-12 08:26 639阅读 0赞

代码地址如下：
http://www.demodashi.com/demo/13259.html

前言

讲讲android对于蓝牙耳机连接技术的实现

今天涉及的内容有：

  1. 流程讲解
  2. 新建广播BluetoothReceiver，用于监听处理蓝牙连接过程中各状态
  3. 在MainActivity中调用
  4. 注意的点
  5. 项目结构图和效果图

下面做以讲解

一. 流程讲解

在实现蓝牙耳机链接的时候，需要做一些前期工作，第一步，判断设备是否支持蓝牙。

1.1 设备是否支持蓝牙
  1. /**设备是否支持蓝牙**/
  2.     public boolean isSupportBluetooth() {
  3.         mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
  4.         if (mBluetoothAdapter != null) {
  5.             return true;
  6.         }
  7.         return false;
  8.     }

若支持蓝牙，则需要判断设备蓝牙是否打开

1.2 设备蓝牙是否开启
  1. /**蓝牙是否已经启动**/
  2.     public boolean isBluetoothOpen() {
  3.         if (mBluetoothAdapter != null) {
  4.             return mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled();
  5.         }
  6.         return false;
  7.     }

如果蓝牙没有开启，则需要请求开启蓝牙

1.3 请求开启蓝牙
  1. /**请求启动蓝牙**/
  2.     public void requestStartBluetooth(int requestCode,Context context) {
  3.         Intent enableBtIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
  4.         ((MainActivity)context).startActivityForResult(enableBtIntent, requestCode);
  5.     }

当然，蓝牙还有一个强制开启的方法：

  1. /**强制打开蓝牙**/
  2.     public void openBluetooth(){
  3.         if(isSupportBluetooth()){
  4.             mBluetoothAdapter.enable();
  5.         }
  6.     }

蓝牙开启后，接下来是查询已配对过的设备

1.3 获取配对过的设备列表
  1. /**查询配对设备**/
  2.     public List<BluetoothDevice> checkDevices() {
  3.         List<BluetoothDevice> devices=new ArrayList<>();
  4.         if(mBluetoothAdapter!=null){
  5.             Set<BluetoothDevice> pairedDevices = mBluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();
  6.             if (pairedDevices != null && pairedDevices.size() > 0) {
  7.                 for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) {
  8.                     devices.add(device);
  9.                 }
  10.             }
  11.         }
  12.         return devices;
  13.     }

若已配对列表中没有你的蓝牙耳机设备，则需要搜索

1.4 搜索新设备
  1. /**发现新设备**/
  2.     public void findBluetoothDevice() {
  3.         //其实是启动了一个异步线程，该方法将立即返回一个布尔值，指示发现是否已成功启动。
  4.         // 发现过程通常涉及大约12秒的查询扫描，随后是每个找到的设备的页面扫描以检索其蓝牙名称
  5.         if(mBluetoothAdapter!=null && mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled() && !mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()){
  6.             if (mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery()) {
  7.                 LogUtil.i("=======已成功启动寻找新设备的异步线程=======");
  8.             } else {
  9.                 LogUtil.i("=======启动寻找新设备的异步线程失败=======");
  10.             }
  11.         }
  12.     }

然后便是进行蓝牙耳机的配对，连接。
以上基本的蓝牙方法，我已经封装到BluetoothManager类中。
在蓝牙耳机的搜索，配对，连接等过程中，我们需要新建一个广播，对各个过程做一个监听。

二. 新建广播BluetoothReceiver，用于监听处理蓝牙连接过程中各状态

下面给出BluetoothReceiver中主要代码：

  1. @Override
  2.     public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent){
  3.         LogUtil.i("=========蓝牙接收处理广播========"+intent.getAction());
  4.         BluetoothDevice device;
  5.         switch (intent.getAction()) {
  6.             case BluetoothA2dp.ACTION_CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGED:
  7.                 switch (intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothA2dp.EXTRA_STATE, -1)) {
  8.                     case BluetoothA2dp.STATE_CONNECTING:
  9.                         device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
  10.                         LogUtil.i("device: " + device.getName() +" connecting");
  11.                         break;
  12.                     case BluetoothA2dp.STATE_CONNECTED:
  13.                         device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
  14.                         LogUtil.i("device: " + device.getName() +" connected");
  15.                         mOnBluetoothListener.deviceConnected(device);
  16.                         break;
  17.                     case BluetoothA2dp.STATE_DISCONNECTING:
  18.                         device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
  19.                         LogUtil.i("device: " + device.getName() +" disconnecting");
  20.                         break;
  21.                     case BluetoothA2dp.STATE_DISCONNECTED:
  22.                         device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
  23.                         LogUtil.i("device: " + device.getName() +" disconnected");
  24.                         break;
  25.                     default:
  26.                         break;
  27.                 }
  28.                 break;
  29.             case BluetoothA2dp.ACTION_PLAYING_STATE_CHANGED:
  30.                 int state = intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothA2dp.EXTRA_STATE, -1);
  31.                 switch (state) {
  32.                     case BluetoothA2dp.STATE_PLAYING:
  33.                         LogUtil.i("state: playing.");
  34.                         break;
  35.                     case BluetoothA2dp.STATE_NOT_PLAYING:
  36.                         LogUtil.i("state: not playing");
  37.                         break;
  38.                     default:
  39.                         LogUtil.i("state: unkown");
  40.                         break;
  41.                 }
  42.                 break;
  43.             case BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND:
  44.                 device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
  45.                 int deviceClassType = device.getBluetoothClass().getDeviceClass();
  46.                 //找到指定的蓝牙设备
  47.                 if (deviceClassType == BluetoothClass.Device.AUDIO_VIDEO_WEARABLE_HEADSET
  48.                         || deviceClassType == BluetoothClass.Device.AUDIO_VIDEO_HEADPHONES) {
  49.                     LogUtil.i("Found device:" + device.getName()+" address:"+device.getAddress());
  50.                     if(StringUtil.isNotEmpty(device.getName())){
  51.                         //添加到设备列表
  52.                         mOnBluetoothListener.deviceFound(device);
  53.                     }
  54.                 }else{//找到可用蓝牙
  55.                     if(StringUtil.isNotEmpty(device.getName())){
  56.                         LogUtil.i("=====Found device====11===" + device.getName()+" address:"+device.getAddress());
  57.                         //添加到设备列表
  58.                         mOnBluetoothListener.deviceFound(device);
  59.                     }
  60.                 }
  61.                 break;
  62.             case BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED:
  63.                 int bondState = intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_BOND_STATE, BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE);
  64.                 device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
  65.                 switch (bondState){
  66.                     case BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED:  //配对成功
  67.                         LogUtil.i("Device:"+device.getName()+" bonded.");
  68.                         //取消搜索，连接蓝牙设备
  69.                         mOnBluetoothListener.deviceBonded(device);
  70.                         break;
  71.                     case BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDING:
  72.                         LogUtil.i("Device:"+device.getName()+" bonding.");
  73.                         break;
  74.                     case BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE:
  75.                         LogUtil.i("Device:"+device.getName()+" not bonded.");
  76.                         //不知道是蓝牙耳机的关系还是什么原因，经常配对不成功
  77.                         //配对不成功的话，重新尝试配对
  78.                         mOnBluetoothListener.deviceBondNone(device);
  79.                         break;
  80.                     default:
  81.                         break;
  83.                 }
  84.                 break;
  85.             case BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_STATE_CHANGED:
  86.                 state = intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_STATE, -1);
  87.                 switch (state) {
  88.                     case BluetoothAdapter.STATE_TURNING_ON:
  89.                         LogUtil.i("BluetoothAdapter is turning on.");
  90.                         break;
  91.                     case BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON:
  92.                         LogUtil.i("BluetoothAdapter is on.");
  93. //                        //蓝牙已打开，开始搜索并连接service
  94. //                        findBluetoothDevice();
  95. //                        getBluetoothA2DP();
  97.                         mOnBluetoothListener.blootoothStateOn();
  98.                         break;
  99.                     case BluetoothAdapter.STATE_TURNING_OFF:
  100.                         LogUtil.i("BluetoothAdapter is turning off.");
  101.                         break;
  102.                     case BluetoothAdapter.STATE_OFF:
  103.                         LogUtil.i("BluetoothAdapter is off.");
  104.                         break;
  105.                 }
  106.                 break;
  107.             default:
  108.                 break;
  109.         }
  110.     }

三. 在MainActivity中调用

3.1 初始化时注册广播，扫描设备列表

  1. //注册广播
  2.         registerReceiver();
  3.         //初始化设备列表
  4.         initDeviceList();
  5.         //发现新设备
  6.         findDevices();

其中registerReceiver方法为：

  1. /**注册广播**/
  2.     private void registerReceiver(){
  3.         mBluetoothReceiver=new BluetoothReceiver();
  4.         IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
  5.         filter.addAction(BluetoothA2dp.ACTION_CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGED);
  6.         filter.addAction(BluetoothA2dp.ACTION_PLAYING_STATE_CHANGED);
  7.         filter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
  8.         filter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED);
  9.         filter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_STATE_CHANGED);
  10.         mContext.registerReceiver(mBluetoothReceiver, filter);
  11.     }

findDevices方法为：

  1. /**发现新设备**/
  2.     private void findDevices(){
  3.         if(BluetoothManager.getInstance().isSupportBluetooth()&&BluetoothManager.getInstance().isBluetoothOpen()){
  4.             //强制打开蓝牙
  5.             BluetoothManager.getInstance().openBluetooth();
  7.             List<BluetoothDevice>list=BluetoothManager.getInstance().checkDevices();
  8.             LogUtil.i("====list=====list=="+list.size());
  10.             Iterator<BluetoothDevice> it = list.iterator();
  11.             while (it.hasNext()) {
  12.                 BluetoothDevice device = it.next();
  13.                 if (device != null&& StringUtil.isEmpty(device.getName())) {
  14.                     it.remove();
  15.                 }
  16.             }
  17.             mDevices.addAll(list);
  18.             myAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
  19.         }
  20.     }

3.2 点击设备列表去连接蓝牙耳机或者开启蓝牙扫描

  1. myAdapter.setOnRecyclerItemClickListener(new MyAdapter.OnRecyclerItemClickListener() {
  2.             @Override
  3.             public void onRecyclerClick(View view, int position) {
  4.                 BluetoothDevice device= mDevices.get(position);
  5.                 if(!BluetoothManager.getInstance().isSupportBluetooth()){
  6.                     ToastUtil.showShortToast(mContext,"本设备不支持蓝牙");
  7.                     return;
  8.                 }
  9.                 if(!BluetoothManager.getInstance().isBluetoothOpen()){
  10.                     //去启动蓝牙
  11.                     BluetoothManager.getInstance().requestStartBluetooth(REQUEST_ENABLE_BT,mContext);
  12.                 }else{
  13.                     LogUtil.i("====开始配对=======");
  14.                     //绑定BluetoothA2DP，获得service
  15.                     BluetoothManager.getInstance().getBluetoothA2DP(mContext);
  16.                     //开始配对
  17.                     BluetoothManager.getInstance().createBond(device);
  18.                 }
  19.             }
  20.         });

3.3 关闭资源

退出app的时候需要关闭蓝牙耳机连接

  1. //注销蓝牙链接
  2.         BluetoothManager.getInstance().disableAdapter();

注销广播

  1. //注销广播
  2.         if(mBluetoothReceiver!=null){
  3.             mContext.unregisterReceiver(mBluetoothReceiver);
  4.         }

当然，你还可以考虑是否需要关闭蓝牙

  1. //关闭蓝牙
  2. BluetoothManager.getInstance().closeBluetooth();

四. 注意的点

蓝牙耳机的连接需要蓝牙权限，所以你得在你的mainfast.xml中以下权限设置：

  1. <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
  2.     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />

五. 项目结构图和效果图

项目结构图

6aEWsXpPLUg7mUke8Sy.png

运行效果图

o6eMLucno0cB3a7Hbc6.gif
Android实现蓝牙耳机连接

代码地址如下：
http://www.demodashi.com/demo/13259.html

注：本文著作权归作者，由demo大师发表，拒绝转载，转载需要作者授权

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