Android实现蓝牙耳机连接

矫情吗；* 2022-05-12 08:26 563阅读 0赞

> 代码地址如下：  
> [http://www.demodashi.com/demo/13259.html][http_www.demodashi.com_demo_13259.html]

### 前言 ###

讲讲android对于蓝牙耳机连接技术的实现

今天涉及的内容有：  
1. 流程讲解  
2. 新建广播BluetoothReceiver，用于监听处理蓝牙连接过程中各状态  
3. 在MainActivity中调用  
4. 注意的点  
5. 项目结构图和效果图

下面做以讲解

#### 一. 流程讲解 ####

在实现蓝牙耳机链接的时候，需要做一些前期工作，第一步，判断设备是否支持蓝牙。

##### 1.1 设备是否支持蓝牙 #####

/**设备是否支持蓝牙**/
        public boolean isSupportBluetooth() {
            mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
            if (mBluetoothAdapter != null) {
                return true;
            }
            return false;
        }

若支持蓝牙，则需要判断设备蓝牙是否打开

##### 1.2 设备蓝牙是否开启 #####

/**蓝牙是否已经启动**/
        public boolean isBluetoothOpen() {
            if (mBluetoothAdapter != null) {
                return mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled();
            }
            return false;
        }

如果蓝牙没有开启，则需要请求开启蓝牙

##### 1.3 请求开启蓝牙 #####

/**请求启动蓝牙**/
        public void requestStartBluetooth(int requestCode,Context context) {
            Intent enableBtIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
            ((MainActivity)context).startActivityForResult(enableBtIntent, requestCode);
        }

当然，蓝牙还有一个强制开启的方法：

/**强制打开蓝牙**/
        public void openBluetooth(){
            if(isSupportBluetooth()){
                mBluetoothAdapter.enable();
            }
        }

蓝牙开启后，接下来是查询已配对过的设备

##### 1.3 获取配对过的设备列表 #####

/**查询配对设备**/
        public List<BluetoothDevice> checkDevices() {
            List<BluetoothDevice> devices=new ArrayList<>();
            if(mBluetoothAdapter!=null){
                Set<BluetoothDevice> pairedDevices = mBluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();
                if (pairedDevices != null && pairedDevices.size() > 0) {
                    for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) {
                        devices.add(device);
                    }
                }
            }
            return devices;
        }

若已配对列表中没有你的蓝牙耳机设备，则需要搜索

##### 1.4 搜索新设备 #####

/**发现新设备**/
        public void findBluetoothDevice() {
            //其实是启动了一个异步线程，该方法将立即返回一个布尔值，指示发现是否已成功启动。
            // 发现过程通常涉及大约12秒的查询扫描，随后是每个找到的设备的页面扫描以检索其蓝牙名称
            if(mBluetoothAdapter!=null && mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled() && !mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()){
                if (mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery()) {
                    LogUtil.i("=======已成功启动寻找新设备的异步线程=======");
                } else {
                    LogUtil.i("=======启动寻找新设备的异步线程失败=======");
                }
            }
        }

然后便是进行蓝牙耳机的配对，连接。  
以上基本的蓝牙方法，我已经封装到BluetoothManager类中。  
在蓝牙耳机的搜索，配对，连接等过程中，我们需要新建一个广播，对各个过程做一个监听。

#### 二. 新建广播BluetoothReceiver，用于监听处理蓝牙连接过程中各状态 ####

下面给出BluetoothReceiver中主要代码：

@Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent){
            LogUtil.i("=========蓝牙接收处理广播========"+intent.getAction());
            BluetoothDevice device;
            switch (intent.getAction()) {
                case BluetoothA2dp.ACTION_CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGED:
                    switch (intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothA2dp.EXTRA_STATE, -1)) {
                        case BluetoothA2dp.STATE_CONNECTING:
                            device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
                            LogUtil.i("device: " + device.getName() +" connecting");
                            break;
                        case BluetoothA2dp.STATE_CONNECTED:
                            device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
                            LogUtil.i("device: " + device.getName() +" connected");
                            mOnBluetoothListener.deviceConnected(device);
                            break;
                        case BluetoothA2dp.STATE_DISCONNECTING:
                            device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
                            LogUtil.i("device: " + device.getName() +" disconnecting");
                            break;
                        case BluetoothA2dp.STATE_DISCONNECTED:
                            device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
                            LogUtil.i("device: " + device.getName() +" disconnected");
                            break;
                        default:
                            break;
                    }
                    break;
                case BluetoothA2dp.ACTION_PLAYING_STATE_CHANGED:
                    int state = intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothA2dp.EXTRA_STATE, -1);
                    switch (state) {
                        case BluetoothA2dp.STATE_PLAYING:
                            LogUtil.i("state: playing.");
                            break;
                        case BluetoothA2dp.STATE_NOT_PLAYING:
                            LogUtil.i("state: not playing");
                            break;
                        default:
                            LogUtil.i("state: unkown");
                            break;
                    }
                    break;
                case BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND:
                    device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
                    int deviceClassType = device.getBluetoothClass().getDeviceClass();
                    //找到指定的蓝牙设备
                    if (deviceClassType == BluetoothClass.Device.AUDIO_VIDEO_WEARABLE_HEADSET
                            || deviceClassType == BluetoothClass.Device.AUDIO_VIDEO_HEADPHONES) {
                        LogUtil.i("Found device:" + device.getName()+" address:"+device.getAddress());
                        if(StringUtil.isNotEmpty(device.getName())){
                            //添加到设备列表
                            mOnBluetoothListener.deviceFound(device);
                        }
                    }else{//找到可用蓝牙
                        if(StringUtil.isNotEmpty(device.getName())){
                            LogUtil.i("=====Found device====11===" + device.getName()+" address:"+device.getAddress());
                            //添加到设备列表
                            mOnBluetoothListener.deviceFound(device);
                        }
                    }
                    break;
                case BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED:
                    int bondState = intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_BOND_STATE, BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE);
                    device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
                    switch (bondState){
                        case BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED:  //配对成功
                            LogUtil.i("Device:"+device.getName()+" bonded.");
                            //取消搜索，连接蓝牙设备
                            mOnBluetoothListener.deviceBonded(device);
                            break;
                        case BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDING:
                            LogUtil.i("Device:"+device.getName()+" bonding.");
                            break;
                        case BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE:
                            LogUtil.i("Device:"+device.getName()+" not bonded.");
                            //不知道是蓝牙耳机的关系还是什么原因，经常配对不成功
                            //配对不成功的话，重新尝试配对
                            mOnBluetoothListener.deviceBondNone(device);
                            break;
                        default:
                            break;
    
                    }
                    break;
                case BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_STATE_CHANGED:
                    state = intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_STATE, -1);
                    switch (state) {
                        case BluetoothAdapter.STATE_TURNING_ON:
                            LogUtil.i("BluetoothAdapter is turning on.");
                            break;
                        case BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON:
                            LogUtil.i("BluetoothAdapter is on.");
    //                        //蓝牙已打开，开始搜索并连接service
    //                        findBluetoothDevice();
    //                        getBluetoothA2DP();
    
                            mOnBluetoothListener.blootoothStateOn();
                            break;
                        case BluetoothAdapter.STATE_TURNING_OFF:
                            LogUtil.i("BluetoothAdapter is turning off.");
                            break;
                        case BluetoothAdapter.STATE_OFF:
                            LogUtil.i("BluetoothAdapter is off.");
                            break;
                    }
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
            }
        }

#### 三. 在MainActivity中调用 ####

#### 3.1 初始化时注册广播，扫描设备列表 ####

//注册广播
            registerReceiver();
            //初始化设备列表
            initDeviceList();
            //发现新设备
            findDevices();

其中registerReceiver方法为：

/**注册广播**/
        private void registerReceiver(){
            mBluetoothReceiver=new BluetoothReceiver();
            IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
            filter.addAction(BluetoothA2dp.ACTION_CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGED);
            filter.addAction(BluetoothA2dp.ACTION_PLAYING_STATE_CHANGED);
            filter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
            filter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED);
            filter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_STATE_CHANGED);
            mContext.registerReceiver(mBluetoothReceiver, filter);
        }

findDevices方法为：

/**发现新设备**/
        private void findDevices(){
            if(BluetoothManager.getInstance().isSupportBluetooth()&&BluetoothManager.getInstance().isBluetoothOpen()){
                //强制打开蓝牙
                BluetoothManager.getInstance().openBluetooth();
    
                List<BluetoothDevice>list=BluetoothManager.getInstance().checkDevices();
                LogUtil.i("====list=====list=="+list.size());
    
                Iterator<BluetoothDevice> it = list.iterator();
                while (it.hasNext()) {
                    BluetoothDevice device = it.next();
                    if (device != null&& StringUtil.isEmpty(device.getName())) {
                        it.remove();
                    }
                }
                mDevices.addAll(list);
                myAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
            }
        }

#### 3.2 点击设备列表去连接蓝牙耳机或者开启蓝牙扫描 ####

myAdapter.setOnRecyclerItemClickListener(new MyAdapter.OnRecyclerItemClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onRecyclerClick(View view, int position) {
                    BluetoothDevice device= mDevices.get(position);
                    if(!BluetoothManager.getInstance().isSupportBluetooth()){
                        ToastUtil.showShortToast(mContext,"本设备不支持蓝牙");
                        return;
                    }
                    if(!BluetoothManager.getInstance().isBluetoothOpen()){
                        //去启动蓝牙
                        BluetoothManager.getInstance().requestStartBluetooth(REQUEST_ENABLE_BT,mContext);
                    }else{
                        LogUtil.i("====开始配对=======");
                        //绑定BluetoothA2DP，获得service
                        BluetoothManager.getInstance().getBluetoothA2DP(mContext);
                        //开始配对
                        BluetoothManager.getInstance().createBond(device);
                    }
                }
            });

#### 3.3 关闭资源 ####

退出app的时候需要关闭蓝牙耳机连接

//注销蓝牙链接
            BluetoothManager.getInstance().disableAdapter();

注销广播

//注销广播
            if(mBluetoothReceiver!=null){
                mContext.unregisterReceiver(mBluetoothReceiver);
            }

当然，你还可以考虑是否需要关闭蓝牙

//关闭蓝牙
    BluetoothManager.getInstance().closeBluetooth();

#### 四. 注意的点 ####

蓝牙耳机的连接需要蓝牙权限，所以你得在你的mainfast.xml中以下权限设置：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
        <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />

#### 五. 项目结构图和效果图 ####

> 项目结构图

![6aEWsXpPLUg7mUke8Sy.png][]

> 运行效果图

![o6eMLucno0cB3a7Hbc6.gif][]  
Android实现蓝牙耳机连接

> 代码地址如下：  
> [http://www.demodashi.com/demo/13259.html][http_www.demodashi.com_demo_13259.html]
> 
> 注：本文著作权归作者，由demo大师发表，拒绝转载，转载需要作者授权

[http_www.demodashi.com_demo_13259.html]: http://www.demodashi.com/demo/13259.html
[6aEWsXpPLUg7mUke8Sy.png]: /images/20220512/184232b009eb4605a1e3a95aee58d1cc.png
[o6eMLucno0cB3a7Hbc6.gif]: /images/20220512/48cf9ee3726b45f5bedb501a99364dde.png