DJango - 部署指南

小灰灰 2022-05-11 11:40 267阅读 0赞

# 说明 #

> 本文描述 Centos 7 + DJango 1.8 安装方法  
> 不建议使用 centos 7 自带的 DJango rpm 进行安装  
> rpm 安装的 DJango 无法使用本文中的启动脚本

# 需求 #

[ epel-release-7 RPM][epel-release-7 RPM]  
当前使用 rhel7 默认 python 2.7 版本

## 安装方法 ##

rpm -ivh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm

## 更新软件源方法 ##

yum makecache

## DJango 软件安装 ##

1 安装 python-pip

yum install -y python-pip

2 可以选择更新一下pip

pip install --upgrade pip
    Collecting pip
      Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/c2/d7/90f34cb0d83a6c5631cf71dfe64cc1054598c843a92b400e55675cc2ac37/pip-18.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.3MB)
        100% |████████████████████████████████| 1.3MB 330kB/s
    Installing collected packages: pip
      Found existing installation: pip 10.0.1
        Uninstalling pip-10.0.1:
          Successfully uninstalled pip-10.0.1
    Successfully installed pip-18.1

3 利用 python-pip 安装 DJango 软件

python -m pip install "django<2"
      Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/44/e7/872bbf76aa16b7a061698d75325dac023285db33db4bda8ba8fe5d3bb356/Django-1.11.16-py2.py3-none-any.whl (7.0MB)
        100% |████████████████████████████████| 7.0MB 563kB/s
    Collecting pytz (from django<2)
      Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/30/4e/27c34b62430286c6d59177a0842ed90dc789ce5d1ed740887653b898779a/pytz-2018.5-py2.py3-none-any.whl (510kB)
        100% |████████████████████████████████| 512kB 680kB/s
    Installing collected packages: pytz, django
    Successfully installed django-1.11.16 pytz-2018.5

4 利用 pip 安装一些常用的 python 库文件方法

pip install --upgrade setuptools
    pip install six --upgrade --ignore-installed six
    pip install djangorestframework             <-  rest_framework 框架
    pip install django-filter 
    pip install mysql-connector-python          <- 数据库连接库
    pip install PyMySQL                         <- 数据库连接库
    pip install simplejson
    pip install uwsgi                           <- uwsgi 服务，用于支持 DJango 框架
    pip install enum34

温馨提示:  
在安装 uwsgi 时， 假如如果了下面的错误

InsecurePlatformWarning
      Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/a2/c9/a2d5737f63cd9df4317a4acc15d1ddf4952e28398601d8d7d706c16381e0/uwsgi-2.0.17.1.tar.gz
    Installing collected packages: uwsgi
      Running setup.py install for uwsgi ... error
        Complete output from command /usr/bin/python2 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-install-3ZUXQt/uwsgi/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-record-sFae9c/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile:
        /usr/lib64/python2.7/distutils/dist.py:267: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'descriptions'
          warnings.warn(msg)
        running install
        using profile: buildconf/default.ini
        detected include path: ['/usr/include', '/usr/local/include']
        Traceback (most recent call last):
          File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
          File "/tmp/pip-install-3ZUXQt/uwsgi/setup.py", line 138, in <module>
            'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6',
          File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 140, in setup
            return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
          File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/distutils/core.py", line 152, in setup
            dist.run_commands()
          File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/distutils/dist.py", line 953, in run_commands
            self.run_command(cmd)
          File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/distutils/dist.py", line 972, in run_command
            cmd_obj.run()
          File "/tmp/pip-install-3ZUXQt/uwsgi/setup.py", line 77, in run
            conf = uc.uConf(get_profile())
          File "uwsgiconfig.py", line 750, in __init__
            raise Exception("you need a C compiler to build uWSGI")
        Exception: you need a C compiler to build uWSGI

需要安装 C rpm 包解决

yum install -y  gcc

假如遇到下面错误

compilation terminated.
        In file included from plugins/python/web3_subhandler.c:1:0:
        plugins/python/uwsgi_python.h:2:20: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory
         #include <Python.h>
                            ^
        compilation terminated.
    
        ----------------------------------------
    Command "/usr/bin/python2 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-install-uUo3ih/uwsgi/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-record-dyNXGe/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-install-uUo3ih/uwsgi/

需要安装 python-devel rpm 包解决

yum install -y python-devel

# 验证 #

> 利用命令行输入命令看见返回即可

django-admin --help
    
    Type 'django-admin help <subcommand>' for help on a specific subcommand.
    
    Available subcommands:
    
    [django]
        check
        compilemessages
        createcachetable
        dbshell
        diffsettings
        ....

[epel-release-7 RPM]: http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm