基于UDP的数据传输与基于TCP的简易聊天

落日映苍穹つ 2022-05-10 19:46 172阅读 0赞

# 一、UDP实现数据传输 #

UDP是相当佛系的存在，对于数据发送者来说，不论接受者在与不在，我都将发送，对于数据接受者来说，不论数据好与坏，能收的，我都将接受。状态是浮云，毕竟是无状态协议，只要机子好，传输就是棒。

## 1.1 数据发送者 ##

public class Server {
        static class UDPServer {
            
            DatagramSocket socket;
    
            UDPServer() throws SocketException {
                //发送端随机分配端口
                this.socket = new DatagramSocket();
            }
    
            /**
             * 
             * @param address 主机地址
             * @param port  目标端口
             * @param content 传输内容
             * @throws IOException
             */
            public void send(String address, int port, Object... content) throws IOException {
    
                //DatagramPacket对象装载发送内容：由于UDP每次传输存在大小限制，需要采用分段传输
                DatagramPacket packet;
                for (Object o : content) {
                    byte[] bytes = o.toString().getBytes();
                    packet = new DatagramPacket(bytes, bytes.length, InetAddress.getByName(address), port);
                    this.socket.send(packet);
                }
            }
    }

## 1.2 数据接收者 ##

public class Client {
    
    
        static class UDPClient {
            
            DatagramSocket socket;
    
            UDPClient(int port) throws SocketException {
                
                this.socket = new DatagramSocket(port);
            }
    
            public void receive() throws IOException {
                while (true) {
                    //定义信息存储结构(最大为64kb)
                    DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(new byte[1024], 1024);
                    //开始接受输入流
                    this.socket.receive(packet);
                    //获取信息
                    byte[] data = packet.getData();
                    System.out.println(new String(data));
                }
            }
        }
    }

## 1.3 测试 ##

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
            UDPClient client = new UDPClient(8081);
            client.receive();
    
        }
    
        public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
            UDPServer server = new UDPServer();
            String[] str = {"你好", "很高兴遇到你", "我的名字是linux"};
            server.send("localhost", 8081, str);
        }

![70][]

# 二、TCP实现简易聊天 #

如果UDP是个佛系青年，那么TCP就是严谨的资深投资人，三次握手，四次挥手，必须得确认了再确认才给双方通信的机会，虽然慢了些，不过胜在安全可靠啊。

## 2.1 聊天发起者 ##

public class Server {
    
        static class TCPServer {
            //指定发送端的端口
            Socket socket;
    
            TCPServer(String address, int port) throws IOException {
                this.socket = new Socket(address, port);
            }
    
            /**
             * 建立通信
             *
             * @param username 用户名
             * @throws IOException
             */
            public void connect(String username) throws IOException {
    
                OutputStream out = socket.getOutputStream();
                InputStream in = socket.getInputStream();
                //接收控制台输入
                BufferedReader sin = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
                //获取通道流内容
                BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
                //向通道写入内容
                PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(out));
                String line;
                while (!(line = sin.readLine()).equalsIgnoreCase("再见")) {
                    writer.println(username + ": " + line);
                    //立即写入
                    writer.flush();
                    System.out.println(reader.readLine());
                    System.out.println(username + ": " + line);
                }
                writer.close();
                reader.close();
                sin.close();
                this.socket.close();
            }
        }
    }

## 2.2 聊天对象 ##

public class Client {
    
        static class TCPClient {
            //指定发送端的端口
            ServerSocket socket;
    
            TCPClient(int port) throws IOException {
                this.socket = new ServerSocket(port);
            }
    
            /**
             * 建立通信
             * @param username 用户名
             * @throws IOException
             */
            public void connect(String username) throws IOException {
                Socket accept = socket.accept();
                OutputStream out = accept.getOutputStream();
                InputStream in = accept.getInputStream();
                BufferedReader sin = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
                BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
                PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(out));
                String line;
                while (!(line = sin.readLine()).equalsIgnoreCase("再见")) {
                    writer.println(username + ": " + line);
                    writer.flush();
                    System.out.println(username + ": " + line);
                    System.out.println(reader.readLine());
                }
                writer.close();
                reader.close();
                sin.close();
                this.socket.close();
    
            }
        }
    }

## 2.3 聊天测试 ##

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    
            TCPClient client1 = new TCPClient(8082);
            client1.connect("菜鸡");
        }
    
        public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    
            TCPServer server1 = new TCPServer("127.0.0.1", 8082);
            server1.connect("大佬");
    
        }

![70 1][]

# 三、代码全链接 #

[传送门][Link 1]

[70]: /images/20220505/2c171635be964a86a51cb67f53e547a1.png
[70 1]: /images/20220505/90535f4964cf4e36b9084c627bb616ed.png
[Link 1]: https://download.csdn.net/download/qq_35813653/10731952