第13章 Spring Boot Security详解

喜欢ヅ旅行 2022-05-08 08:44 800阅读 0赞

> spring-boot-starter-security是对Spring Security的一个封装，具体如下

<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    进入里面的  文件：
    	<parent>
    		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    		<artifactId>spring-boot-starters</artifactId>  //父类是spring-boot-starters
    		<version>1.5.3.RELEASE</version>
    	</parent>
    	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
    
    <dependencies>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId> //加入的起步依赖，spring-boot-starter
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> //加入了 aop
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId> //封装了security-config，移除aop
    			<exclusions>
    				<exclusion>
    					<groupId>aopalliance</groupId>
    					<artifactId>aopalliance</artifactId>
    				</exclusion>
    			</exclusions>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId> //封装了security-web，移除aop
    			<exclusions>
    				<exclusion>
    					<groupId>aopalliance</groupId>
    					<artifactId>aopalliance</artifactId>
    				</exclusion>
    			</exclusions>
    		</dependency>
    	</dependencies>

## pom.xml ##

<dependencies>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>   // 开始 security
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId> //开始 thymeleaf 依赖
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> // 开始 web
    		</dependency>
    
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.thymeleaf.extras</groupId>
    			<artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity4</artifactId> //模板 和 security整合
    		</dependency>
    
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> //开始 测试
    			<scope>test</scope>
    		</dependency>
    
    		
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId> //开始 JPA 
    		</dependency>
    
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
    			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> //mysql 驱动
    		</dependency>
    	</dependencies>

## 配置Spring Security 的AuthenticationManagerBuilder ##

@EnableWebSecurity  //1 开启 webSecurity
    public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter { //2 继承配置类 WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter
    
    	@Autowired  //3 注入 AuthenticationManagerBuilder
    	public void configureGlobal(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
    		auth.inMemoryAuthentication().withUser("forezp").password("123456").roles("USER") ;
    		//4 具体的配置， 内存级别的，用户名 密码 角色
    	}

> 集成了 getRemoteUser() getUserPrincipal() login(string,string) logout() API

### HttpSecurity 哪些需要认证，哪些不需要认证 ###

@EnableWebSecurity
    @Configuration   //指出这个类是配置类
    @EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)   //开户方法验证
    public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
    
        @Override
        protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
            http
                    .authorizeRequests()   //认证的请求，开始匹配
                    .antMatchers("/css/**", "/index").permitAll()   //所有css 请求和 index 放行
                    .antMatchers("/user/**").hasRole("USER")   //所有user请求，和 blogs 请求，需要 user权限
                    .antMatchers("/blogs/**").hasRole("USER")
                    .and()
                    .formLogin().loginPage("/login").failureUrl("/login-error") //登录的请求是login，失败的请求是 login-error
                    .and()
                    .exceptionHandling().accessDeniedPage("/401");  //异常拒绝的请求是 /401
            http.logout().logoutSuccessUrl("/");   //登录成功的请求是 / 
        }

### 配置application.yml ###

spring:
      thymeleaf:
        mode: HTML5
        encoding: UTF-8
        cache: false

### action ###

@Controller
    public class MainController {
    
    	@RequestMapping("/")
    	public String root() {
    		return "redirect:/index";  //重定向
    	}
    
    	@RequestMapping("/index")
    	public String index() {
    		return "index";
    	}
    
    	@RequestMapping("/user/index")
    	public String userIndex() {
    		return "user/index";
    	}
    
    	@RequestMapping("/login")
    	public String login() {
    		return "login";
    	}
    
    	@RequestMapping("/login-error")
    	public String loginError(Model model) {
    		model.addAttribute("loginError", true);  //在Model 放 数据
    		return "login";
    	}
    	@GetMapping("/401")
    	public String accesssDenied() {
    		return "401";
    	}
    }

## login.html ##

<!DOCTYPE html>
    <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
        <head>
            <title>Login page</title>
            <meta charset="utf-8" />
            <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/main.css" th:href="@{/css/main.css}" />  //用了模板，直接 th:href="@{}"
    	</head>
        <body>
            <p th:if="${loginError}" class="error">用户名或密码错误</p>   //取出 放置的错误 信息  如果存在的话  
            <form th:action="@{/login}" method="post">    //th:action="@{}"  提交的地址
                <label for="username">用户名</label>:
                <input type="text" id="username" name="username" autofocus="autofocus" /> <br />
                <label for="password">密码</label>:
                <input type="password" id="password" name="password" /> <br />
                <input type="submit" value="登录" />  //提交
            </form>
            <p><a href="/index" th:href="@{/index}">返回首页</a></p> //返回到首页
        </body>
    </html>

### index.html ###

<div th:fragment="logout"  sec:authorize="isAuthenticated()">
                登录用户: <span sec:authentication="name"></span> |   //登录用户
                用户角色: <span sec:authentication="principal.authorities"></span>  //角色
                <div>
                    <form action="#" th:action="@{/logout}" method="post">   //退出的请求是 post
                        <input type="submit" value="登出" />
                    </form>
                </div>
            </div>
    
            <ul>
                <li>点击<a href="/user/index" th:href="@{/user/index}">去/user/index保护的界面</a></li>
            </ul>

### user/index.html ###

<div th:substituteby="index::logout"></div>   //使用 index页面中 logout 片段
            <h1>这个界面是被保护的界面</h1>
            <p><a href="/index" th:href="@{/index}">返回首页</a></p>
            <p><a  href="/blogs" th:href="@{/blogs}">管理博客</a></p>

## 401.html ##

<div sec:authorize="isAuthenticated()">   //这里和上面的一样，使用片段 也挺好的
    			<p>已有用户登录</p>
    			<p>用户: <span sec:authentication="name"></span></p>
     			<p>角色: <span sec:authentication="principal.authorities"></span></p>
    		</div>
     		<div sec:authorize="isAnonymous()">    //未登录 直接访问401.html
    			<p>未有用户登录</p>
    		</div>
    		<p>
    			拒绝访问！
    		</p>

> 使用 th sec 标签要引入 >xmlns:sec=“[http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity4][http_www.thymeleaf.org_thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity4]”>

## 第二版，配置类中 使用简单的userDetailsService ##

@Autowired
        public void configureGlobal(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
            auth.userDetailsService(userDetailsService());
        }
    
    	@Bean
    	public UserDetailsService userDetailsService() {
    		InMemoryUserDetailsManager manager = new InMemoryUserDetailsManager(); // 在内存中存放用户信息
    		manager.createUser(User.withUsername("forezp").password("123456").roles("USER").build());
    		manager.createUser(User.withUsername("admin").password("123456").roles("USER","ADMIN").build());
    		return manager;
    	}

## 开启方法级别的保护 ##

@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)

> 意思是 @PreAuthorize 和 @PostAuthorize 是否可用  
> @PreAuthorize（“hasRole(‘ADMIN’,’\*\*\*\*\*\*’)”）  
> @PreAuthorize（“hasAuthorize(‘ROLE\_ADMIN’,’\*\*\*\*\*\*’)”）

## 测试方法级别的保护 ##

public class Blog {
        private Long id;
        private String name;
        private String content;

public interface IBlogService {
        List<Blog> getBlogs();
        void deleteBlog(long id);
    }

@Service
    public class BlogService implements IBlogService {
    
        private List<Blog> list=new ArrayList<>();  //List 存储
    
        public BlogService(){
            list.add(new Blog(1L, " spring", "good!"));   //加入数据
            list.add(new Blog(2L,"spring boot", "nice!"));
        }
    
        @Override
        public List<Blog> getBlogs() {   //获得数据
            return list;
        }
    
        @Override
        public void deleteBlog(long id) {  //删除
            Iterator iter = list.iterator();  //先取得Iterator
            while(iter.hasNext()) {  // 如果有下一个，取出，并且和id比较
                Blog blog= (Blog) iter.next();
                if (blog.getId()==id){
                    iter.remove();
                }
            }
        }
    }

@RestController
    @RequestMapping("/blogs")
    public class BlogController {
        @Autowired
        BlogService blogService;
        @GetMapping
        public ModelAndView list(Model model) {
            List<Blog> list =blogService.getBlogs();
            model.addAttribute("blogsList", list);
            return new ModelAndView("blogs/list", "blogModel", model);  //跳转页面，为model起名字，放入的model
        }
    
        @PreAuthorize("hasAuthority('ROLE_ADMIN')")  //在之前就校验 是否 有权限
        @GetMapping(value = "/{id}/deletion")
        public ModelAndView delete(@PathVariable("id") Long id, Model model) {
            blogService.deleteBlog(id);
            model.addAttribute("blogsList", blogService.getBlogs());
            return new ModelAndView("blogs/list", "blogModel", model);
        }
    }

<table >
            <thead>
            <tr>
                <td>博客编号</td>
                <td>博客名称</td>
                <td>博客描述</td>
            </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
            <tr th:each="blog: ${blogModel.blogsList}">   //取出model，中 的 list 放在 blog 中
                <td th:text="${blog.id}"></td>
                <td th:text="${blog.name}"></td>
                <td th:text="${blog.content}"></td>
                <td>
                    <div >
                        <a th:href="@{'/blogs/' + ${blog.id}+'/deletion'}">
                            删除
                        </a>
                    </div>
                </td>
            </tr>
            </tbody>
        </table>

## JPA ##

1，引入依赖（jpa 数据库驱动）
    2，配置数据库连接属性  和 数据库ddl 生成方式
    3，写 Entity类 
    
    security:
      user:
        name: lisi
        password: 123456
        role: USER
      basic:
        enabled: true   //设置为false就关闭了，在没有配置 WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter的情况下
    
    
    update 如果启动时表格式不一致则更新表，原有数据保留
    create  启动时删数据库中的表，然后创建，退出时不删除数据表 
    create-drop 启动时删数据库中的表，然后创建，退出时删除数据表  如果表不存在报错  
    validate  项目启动表结构进行校验  如果不一致则报错
    
    删除意思：sessionFactory一关闭,表就自动删除（hibernate

## User ##

@Entity
    public class User implements UserDetails, Serializable {
        @Id
        @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
        private Long id;
    
        @Column(nullable = false, unique = true)
        private String username;
    
        @ManyToMany(cascade = CascadeType.ALL, fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
        @JoinTable(name = "user_role", joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "user_id", referencedColumnName = "id"),
                inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "role_id", referencedColumnName = "id"))
        private List<Role> authorities;
    
        @Column
        private String password;
    
        public User() {
        }
    
        public Long getId() {
            return id;
        }
    
        public void setId(Long id) {
            this.id = id;
        }
    
        @Override
        public Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities() {
            return authorities;
        }
    
        public void setAuthorities(List<Role> authorities) {
            this.authorities = authorities;
        }
    
        @Override
        public String getUsername() {
            return username;
        }
    
        public void setUsername(String username) {
            this.username = username;
        }
    
        @Override
        public String getPassword() {
            return password;
        }
    
        public void setPassword(String password) {
            this.password = password;
        }
    
        @Override
        public boolean isAccountNonExpired() {
            return true;
        }
    
        @Override
        public boolean isAccountNonLocked() {
            return true;
        }
    
        @Override
        public boolean isCredentialsNonExpired() {
            return true;
        }
    
        @Override
        public boolean isEnabled() {
            return true;
        }
    
    
    }

## role ##

@Entity
    public class Role implements GrantedAuthority {
    
    	@Id
    	@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    	private Long id;
    
    	@Column(nullable = false)
    	private String name;
    
    	public Long getId() {
    		return id;
    	}
    
    	public void setId(Long id) {
    		this.id = id;
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	public String getAuthority() {
    		return name;
    	}
    
    	public void setName(String name) {
    		this.name = name;
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	public String toString() {
    		return name;
    	}
    }

## service dao ##

public interface UserDao extends JpaRepository<User, Long>{
    	User findByUsername(String username);
    }
    
    @Service
    public class UserService implements UserDetailsService {
        @Autowired
        private UserDao userRepository;
        @Override
        public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
            return userRepository.findByUsername(username);
        }
    }

![在这里插入图片描述][70]

[http_www.thymeleaf.org_thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity4]: http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity4
[70]: /images/20220508/2f50fbe173134f898addbdd580c2bc0b.png