Android Studio对话框总结

妖狐艹你老母 2022-04-24 03:10 386阅读 0赞

在Android应用开发中，程序与用户交互的方式会直接影响到用户的使用体验，对话框又是与用户交互必不可少的部分。我们经常会需要在界面上弹出一个对话框，让用户点击对话框的某个按钮、选项，或者是输入一些文本，从而知道用户的做了什么操作，或是下达了什么指令。  
对话框又可以分为几类：  
1、普通对话框  
2、列表对话框  
3、单选对话框  
4、多选对话框  
5、等待对话框  
6、进度条对话框  
7、自定义对话框  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQyODg5NDc2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

废话就不多说啦，直接上代码，代码里都有详细的注释，如果不懂的话可以留言或者问一下度娘  
布局代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
        xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        tools:context=".MainActivity">
    
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_1"
        android:text="普通对话框1"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="myclick"/>
    
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn_2"
            android:text="普通对话框2"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:onClick="myclick"/>
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn_3"
            android:text="列表对话框"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:onClick="myclick"/>
    
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn_4"
            android:text="单选对话框"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:onClick="myclick"/>
    
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn_5"
            android:text="多选对话框"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:onClick="myclick"/>
    
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn_6"
            android:text="等待对话框"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:onClick="myclick"/>
    
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn_7"
            android:text="进度条对话框"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:onClick="myclick"/>
    </LinearLayout>

MainActivity.java

package com.example.dialog;
    
    import android.app.ProgressDialog;
    import android.content.DialogInterface;
    import android.support.v7.app.AlertDialog;
    import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.util.Log;
    import android.view.View;
    import android.widget.Toast;
    
    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate (savedInstanceState);
            setContentView (R.layout.activity_main);
        }
        public void myclick(View v){
            switch (v.getId ()){
                case R.id.btn_1:
                    showNormalDialog1();
                    break;
                case  R.id.btn_2:
                    showNormalDialog2();
                    break;
                case R.id.btn_3:
                    showListDialog();
                    break;
                case R.id.btn_4:
                    showSingleDialog();
                    break;
                case R.id.btn_5:
                    showMultiDialog();
                    break;
                case R.id.btn_6:
                    showWaitDialog();
                    break;
                case R.id.btn_7:
                    showProgressDialog();
                    break;
            }
        }
    
    
        //AlertDialog的构造方法为protected，因此外包是无法使用的，所以我们要借助构建器Builder
        private void showNormalDialog1() {
            AlertDialog.Builder dialog = new AlertDialog.Builder (this);
            dialog.setTitle ("温馨提示").setMessage ("你确定要退出此程序嘛？");
            //点击确定就退出程序
            dialog.setPositiveButton ("确定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener () {
                @Override
                public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                    MainActivity.this.finish ();
                }
            });
            //如果取消，就什么都不做，关闭对话框
            dialog.setNegativeButton ("取消",null);
            dialog.show ();
        }
        private void showNormalDialog2(){
            AlertDialog dialog2 = new AlertDialog.Builder (this).create ();
            dialog2.setTitle ("坪价");
            dialog2.setMessage ("请为本次的服务打分!");
            dialog2.setButton (DialogInterface.BUTTON_POSITIVE, "5分", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener () {
                @Override
                public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                    Toast.makeText (MainActivity.this,"5分",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show ();
                }
            });
            dialog2.setButton (DialogInterface.BUTTON_NEGATIVE, "3分", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener () {
                @Override
                public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                    Toast.makeText (MainActivity.this,"3分",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show ();
                }
            });
            //一定要调用show（）方法，否则对话框不会显示
            dialog2.show ();
        }
        private void showListDialog(){
            final String[] items = {"小王","小李" ,"小白"};
            AlertDialog.Builder dialog3 = new AlertDialog.Builder (this).setTitle ("你是谁?")
                    .setItems (items, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener () {
                        @Override
                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                            //如果点击小王的话那么which保存的就是0
                            Toast.makeText (MainActivity.this,"我是："+items[which],Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show ();
                        }
                    });
            dialog3.show ();
        }
    
        int ide = 0;  //全局变量
        private void showSingleDialog() {
            final String[] stars = {"Jay","JJ" ,"Eson"};
            final AlertDialog.Builder dialog4 = new AlertDialog.Builder (this)
                    .setTitle ("选择你喜欢的明星:")
                    //参数1：选项。参数2：默认选项。参数3：选中时的事件
                    .setSingleChoiceItems (stars, 0, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener () {
                        @Override
                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                            //Toast.makeText (MainActivity.this,"你选择了："+stars[which],Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show ();
                            ide = which;
                        }
                    }).setPositiveButton ("确定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener () {
                        @Override
                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                            Toast.makeText (MainActivity.this,"你选择了："+stars[ide],Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show ();
                        }
                    });   //点击确定后对话框消失，并且打印所选内容
    
            dialog4.show ();
        }
    
        private void showMultiDialog() {
            AlertDialog.Builder dialog5 = new AlertDialog.Builder (this);
            final String[] movie = {"复联1","复联2","复联3","复联4"};
            final boolean[] check = {true,false,true,false};
            dialog5.setTitle ("你想看什么电影？")
                    //第一个参数是选项，第二个参数是默认备选项（true的是选中的），第三个参数是点击时触发的效果
                    .setMultiChoiceItems (movie, check, new DialogInterface.OnMultiChoiceClickListener () {
                        @Override
                        //第一个参数对话框本身，第二个参数是按钮的索引，第三个是标志按钮是否处于选中状态true
                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which, boolean isChecked) {
                            Log.e("Log",movie[which]);
                        }
                    }).setPositiveButton ("确定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener () {
                @Override
                public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                    String msg = "你喜欢的电影是：";
                        for (int n=0;n<check.length;n++){
                            if(check[n]){
                                msg = msg + movie[n] + " ";
                                Toast.makeText (MainActivity.this,msg,Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show ();
                            }
                        }
                }
            });
            dialog5.show ();
        }
    
        private void showWaitDialog() {
            //进度条对话框，默认是转圈
            ProgressDialog progressDialog = new ProgressDialog (this);
            progressDialog.setTitle ("下载中....");       //设置标题
            progressDialog.setMessage ("请等待");
            progressDialog.show ();
        }
    
        private void showProgressDialog() {
            final ProgressDialog dialog7 = new ProgressDialog (this);
            dialog7.setTitle ("下载中....");       //设置标题
            dialog7.setMessage ("请等待");
            dialog7.setProgressStyle (ProgressDialog.STYLE_HORIZONTAL);   // 设置进度条的风格（水平）
            dialog7.setIndeterminate (false);   //设置进度条模糊(默认为True)
            dialog7.show ();
            //设置进度条的动态效果，需要创建一个线程
            final Thread thread = new Thread () {
               public void run(){
                   super.run ();
                   //让进度条从1走到100
                   for (int i = 0;i<=100;i++){
                       dialog7.setProgress (i);
                       try {           //抛出异常
                           Thread.sleep (50);          //每走动一下休眠50毫秒
                       } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                           e.printStackTrace ();
                       }
                   }
                   dialog7.dismiss ();   //当进度条到达100后，对话框消失
               }
            };
            thread.start ();      //启动线程
        }
    
    
    
    }

下面这些就是运行后的截图  
普通对话框1  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQyODg5NDc2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

普通对话框2  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQyODg5NDc2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

列表对话框  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQyODg5NDc2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]

单选对话框  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQyODg5NDc2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]

多选对话框  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQyODg5NDc2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]

等待对话框  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQyODg5NDc2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]

进度条对话框  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQyODg5NDc2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]

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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQyODg5NDc2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20220220/a34fc126c160427381356ea53e80baa4.png
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