Springboot 整合hibernate框架实现增删改查及事务处理——SpringBoot学习

短命女 2022-04-24 02:44 700阅读 0赞

### 一、POM 文件引入 JAR ###

在 pom.xml 中引入 `spring jpa` 以及测试包

<dependency>
    	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    
    
    <dependency>
    	<groupId>mysql</groupId>
    	<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    
    
    <dependency>
    	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    	<scope>test</scope>
    	<exclusions>
    		<exclusion>
    			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
    		</exclusion>
    	</exclusions>
    </dependency>
    
    
    <dependency>
    	<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    	<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
    	<version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
    	<scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

### 二、application.properties 新增配置 ###

在 `application.properties` 中添加数据源和 `hibernate` 的配置

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mysql
    spring.datasource.username=root
    spring.datasource.password=123456
    spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    
    spring.jpa.database = MYSQL
    spring.jpa.show-sql = true
    spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto = update
    spring.jpa.hibernate.naming-strategy = org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy
    spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect = org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect
    spring.jpa.hibernate.naming.physical-strategy = org.hibernate.boot.model.naming.PhysicalNamingStrategyStandardImpl

使用 `application.yml` 的配置为

### datasource Configuration
    spring:      
      datasource:
        url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mysql
        driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
        username: root
        password: 123456
    ### hibernate Configuration
      jpa:
        database: mysql
        show-sql: true
        hibernate:
          ddl-auto: update
          naming:
            implicit-strategy: org.springframework.boot.orm.jpa.hibernate.SpringImplicitNamingStrategy
            physical-strategy: org.hibernate.boot.model.naming.PhysicalNamingStrategyStandardImpl

### 三、编写 Dao ###

bean 文件增加注释使之与数据库表结构对应

package com.bean;
    
    import javax.persistence.Column;
    import javax.persistence.Entity;
    import javax.persistence.Id;
    import javax.persistence.Table;
    
    import lombok.Getter;
    import lombok.Setter;
    import lombok.ToString;
    
    /**
    * @Description 类描述
    * @author 欧阳
    * @since 2019年4月7日 下午12:29:13
    * @version V1.0
    */
    
    @Getter
    @Setter
    @ToString
    @Entity
    @Table(name="t_user")
    public class Users2 {
    	@Id
    	private String id;
    	
    	@Column(name="name")
    	private String name;
    
    }

添加文件 `src/main/java/com/dao/UsersDao2.java`

package com.dao;
    
    import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
    import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
    import org.springframework.data.repository.query.Param;
    
    import com.bean.Users2;
    
    /**
    * @Description 整合Hibernate Dao
    * @author 欧阳
    * @since 2019年4月11日 下午6:14:26
    * @version V1.0
    */
    
    public interface UsersDao2 extends JpaRepository<Users2, String> {
    	
    	@Query(value = "FROM Users2 WHERE name = :name")
        public Users2 findName1(@Param("name") String name);
    	
    	@Query(value = "SELECT * FROM t_user WHERE name=?1", nativeQuery = true)
    	public Users2 findName2(String name);
    	
    }

### 四、添加 Service ###

增加 Service 接口 `src/main/java/com/service/HibernateService.java` 并实现 `src/main/java/com/service/impl/HibernateServiceImpl.java`。  
HibernateService 接口代码

package com.service;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    import com.bean.Users2;
    
    /**
    * @Description 整合Hibernate Service
    * @author 欧阳
    * @since 2019年4月11日 下午2:17:37
    * @version V1.0
    */
    
    public interface HibernateService {
    	
    	/**
    	 * 添加用户
    	 * @param user
    	 */
    	public void insertUser(Users2 user);
    	
    	/**
    	 * 更新用户
    	 * @param user
    	 */
    	public void updateUser(Users2 user);
    	
    	/**
    	 * 查询用户
    	 * @param user
    	 * @return
    	 */
    	public List<Users2> selectUser();
    	
    	/**
    	 * 删除用户
    	 * @param id
    	 */
    	public void deleteUser(String id);
    }

HibernateServiceImpl 类

package com.service.impl;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
    
    import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
    
    import com.bean.Users2;
    import com.dao.UsersDao2;
    import com.service.HibernateService;
    
    /**
    * @Description 整合Hibernate Service
    * @author 欧阳
    * @since 2019年4月11日 下午6:16:09
    * @version V1.0
    */
    @Service
    public class HibernateServiceImpl implements HibernateService {
    
    	@Autowired
    	private UsersDao2 userDao2;
    	
    	@Autowired
    	private EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory;
    	
    	public SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {
    		return entityManagerFactory.unwrap(SessionFactory.class);
    	}
    	
    	@Override
    	@Transactional
    	public void insertUser(Users2 user) {
    		userDao2.save(user);
    		
    //		int num = 1/0;  //放开测试事务。预期结果为添加失败，库中无数据。测试结果与预期一致
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	@Transactional
    	public void updateUser(Users2 user) {
    		userDao2.save(user);
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	public List<Users2> selectUser() {
    		String sql = "SELECT u FROM Users2 u ";
    		@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    		List<Users2> resultList = getSessionFactory().openSession()
    				.createQuery(sql)
    				.getResultList();
    		
    		userDao2.findName1("张三");
    		userDao2.findName2("张三");
    		return resultList;
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	@Transactional
    	public void deleteUser(String id) {
    		userDao2.deleteById(id);
    	}
    
    }

注意：通过使用 `@Transactional` 注解添加事务，在 `insertUser` 方法中的插入数据代码后增加异常代码 `int num = 1/0;` 测试事务是否起作用，实际测试结果表明测试结果与预期一致。

### 五、测试类 ###

添加测试类测试 `HibernateServiceImpl`

package com.service.impl;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
    
    import com.App;
    import com.bean.Users2;
    import com.service.HibernateService;
    
    /**
    * @Description 整合Hibernate 测试增删改查 
    * @author 欧阳
    * @since 2019年4月11日 下午6:59:23
    * @version V1.0
    */
    @RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
    @SpringBootTest(classes={App.class})
    public class HibernateServiceImplTest {
    
    	@Autowired
    	private HibernateService hibernateService;
    	
    	@Test
    	public void testInsertUser() {
    		hibernateService.insertUser(new Users2("12", "lisi"));
    		System.out.println("Yes");
    	}
    
    	@Test
    	public void testUpdateUser() {
    		hibernateService.updateUser(new Users2("12", "李四"));
    		System.out.println("Yes");
    	}
    
    	@Test
    	public void testSelectUser() {
    		List<Users2> users = hibernateService.selectUser();
    		for(Users2 user2 : users) {
    			System.out.println(user2);
    		}
    		System.out.println("Yes");
    	}
    
    	@Test
    	public void testDeleteUser() {
    		hibernateService.deleteUser("12");
    		System.out.println("Yes");
    	}
    
    }

### 六、测试结果 ###

测试结果全部通过，增删改查功能正常，springboot 整合 Hibernate 完成。  
![测试结果全部通过][20190411155642515.PNG]

[20190411155642515.PNG]: /images/20220221/0a0ead9b93ec4e518a5b134b8bb0cf86.png