docker自定义镜像:应用程序打包

￡神魔★判官ぃ 2022-04-23 13:22 365阅读 0赞

### 文章目录 ###

*  1, cmd和entrypoint
 *   *  a, entrypoint
     *  b, cmd
     *  c, cmd-entrypoint.conf
     *  d, entrypoint-cmd
     *  e, 传递-e参数
 *  2, 应用程序jar包：打包为镜像
 *   *  a, 打包应用程序为jar包
     *  b, 编写Dockerfile, 编译镜像，运行容器
     *  c, 定制jdk镜像( 修改时区，字符集)
 *  3, 应用程序war包：打包为镜像
 *   *  a, 打包web应用程序为war包
     *  b, 编写Dockerfile,编译镜像，运行容器
     *   *  1, tomcat镜像版
         *  2， centos镜像版
     *  c, 访问web页面，测试结果

说明：由于docker build 命令默认寻找Dockerfile文件，以下为了实验，应此使用了不同名的文件，在构建镜像时需要指定配置文件： docker build -f -f 文件名

# 1, cmd和entrypoint #

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th></th> 
   <th>entrypoint</th> 
   <th>cmd</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>相同点</td> 
   <td>可以有多个cmd或entrypoint, 但只执行最后一个</td> 
   <td></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>不同点1</td> 
   <td>启动命令在docker run 镜像 …时不能覆盖</td> 
   <td>启动命令可以覆盖</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>不同点2</td> 
   <td>参数可以在docker run时动态传入</td> 
   <td>参数不能动态传入</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

## a, entrypoint ##

[root@www dockerfile]# ls 
    a.sh  entrypoint.dockerfile                         
                                          
    [root@www dockerfile]# cat entrypoint.dockerfile 
    # ENTRYPOINT ["executable", "param1", "param2"] 
    # ENTRYPOINT command param1 param2（shell中执行）。 
    FROM centos:6                                                                             
    COPY a.sh /                                                                               
    RUN chmod +x /a.sh                                                                        
    ENTRYPOINT ["/a.sh"]                               
                                           
    [root@www dockerfile]# cat a.sh 
    #!/bin/sh 
    echo $@         
                                                                              
    [root@www dockerfile]# docker build . -t entrypoint -f entrypoint.dockerfile 
    Sending build context to Docker daemon  3.072kB                                           
    Step 1/4 : FROM centos:6                                                                  
     ---> d0957ffdf8a2                                                                        
    Step 2/4 : COPY a.sh /                                                                    
     ---> Using cache                                                                         
     ---> 94df98711317                                                                        
    Step 3/4 : RUN chmod +x /a.sh                                                             
     ---> Using cache                                                                         
     ---> 8634a9ec16dc                                                                        
    Step 4/4 : ENTRYPOINT ["/a.sh"]                                                           
     ---> Using cache                                                                         
     ---> 80e97687cc1d                                                                        
    Successfully built 80e97687cc1d                                                           
    Successfully tagged entrypoint:latest                    
                                     
    [root@www dockerfile]# docker run -it entrypoint 1 2 3 
    1 2 3                                                                                     
    [root@www dockerfile]# docker run -it entrypoint ls /
    ls /

## b, cmd ##

[root@www dockerfile]# cat cmd.dockerfile
    FROM centos:6
    CMD cat /etc/hosts
    
    [root@www dockerfile]# docker build . -t cmd -f cmd.dockerfile
    Sending build context to Docker daemon  4.096kB
    Step 1/2 : FROM centos:6
     ---> d0957ffdf8a2
    Step 2/2 : CMD cat /etc/hosts
     ---> Running in c9360cadf640
    Removing intermediate container c9360cadf640
     ---> 9bd857c744a4
    Successfully built 9bd857c744a4
    Successfully tagged cmd:latest
    
    [root@www dockerfile]# docker run -it cmd
    127.0.0.1       localhost
    ::1     localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
    172.17.0.3      30943241d769
    
    [root@www dockerfile]# docker run -it cmd ls /
    bin  etc   lib    lost+found  mnt  proc  sbin     srv  tmp  var
    dev  home  lib64  media       opt  root  selinux  sys  usr

## c, cmd-entrypoint.conf ##

docker run的参数，覆盖了内置的cmd参数，最后传给了entrypoint执行

[root@www dockerfile]# cat cmd-entrypoint.dockerfile
    FROM centos:6
    COPY a.sh /
    RUN chmod +x /a.sh
    CMD echo 1.1.1.1 test.com >> /etc/hosts
    ENTRYPOINT ["/a.sh"]     
                                                                                      
    [root@www dockerfile]# cat a.sh
    #!/bin/sh
    echo "hello world..."
    cat /etc/hosts        
                                                                                                                                                                             
    [root@www dockerfile]# docker build . -t cmd-entrypoint -f cmd-entrypoint.dockerfile 
    Sending build context to Docker daemon  7.168kB                                      
    Step 1/5 : FROM centos:6                                                             
     ---> d0957ffdf8a2                                                                   
    Step 2/5 : COPY a.sh /                                                               
     ---> 4a702c3e7a12                                                                   
    Step 3/5 : RUN chmod +x /a.sh                                                        
     ---> Running in b36869a9a9d0                                                        
    Removing intermediate container b36869a9a9d0                                         
     ---> 1df09b4ad929                                                                   
    Step 4/5 : CMD echo 1.1.1.1 test.com >> /etc/hosts                                   
     ---> Running in 585f7d73931b                                                        
    Removing intermediate container 585f7d73931b                                         
     ---> 2663920a77a3                                                                   
    Step 5/5 : ENTRYPOINT ["/a.sh"]                                                      
     ---> Running in d9762bc68c91                                                        
    Removing intermediate container d9762bc68c91                                         
     ---> 333acc2cb292                                                                   
    Successfully built 333acc2cb292                                                      
    Successfully tagged cmd-entrypoint:latest                                                                                                                
                                                                       
    [root@www dockerfile]# docker run -it cmd-entrypoint 
    hello world...                                                                    
    127.0.0.1       localhost                                                         
    ::1     localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback                                                                                               
    172.17.0.3      0fdd4bb4e72f

## d, entrypoint-cmd ##

（mysql5.6 的dockerfile就用到这个配置）  
注意：ENTRYPOINT执行完的代码，最后要添加exec “$@” ,否则后面的CMD就无法执行

[root@www dockerfile]# cat entrypoint-cmd.dockerfile 
    FROM centos:6                                                           
    COPY a.sh /                                                             
    RUN chmod +x /a.sh                                                      
    ENTRYPOINT ["/a.sh"]                                                    
    CMD cat /etc/hosts       
                                                   
    [root@www dockerfile]# cat a.sh 
    #!/bin/sh 
    echo "hello world..."                              
    echo 1.1.1.1 test.com >> /etc/hosts                
    exec "$@"                                                                                                  
                  
                                                                                                        
    [root@www dockerfile]# docker build . -t entrypoint-cmd -f entrypoint-cmd.dockerfile 
    Sending build context to Docker daemon  7.168kB                                                     
    Step 1/5 : FROM centos:6                                                                            
     ---> d0957ffdf8a2                                                                                  
    Step 2/5 : COPY a.sh /                                                                              
     ---> ca6b7465b5a7                                                                                  
    Step 3/5 : RUN chmod +x /a.sh                                                                       
     ---> Running in 52ba469a5ee7                                                                       
    Removing intermediate container 52ba469a5ee7                                                        
     ---> 168285a1e37c                                                                                  
    Step 4/5 : ENTRYPOINT ["/a.sh"]                                                                     
     ---> Running in 7f61ca29e996                                                                       
    Removing intermediate container 7f61ca29e996                                                        
     ---> e1441211b25c                                                                                  
    Step 5/5 : CMD cat /etc/hosts                                                                       
     ---> Running in 80d63299537f                                                                       
    Removing intermediate container 80d63299537f                                                        
     ---> a8d057b00f16                                                                                  
    Successfully built a8d057b00f16                                                                     
    Successfully tagged entrypoint-cmd:latest                                                                  
    
    
    [root@www dockerfile]# docker run -it entrypoint-cmd
    hello world...
    127.0.0.1       localhost
    ::1     localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
    fe00::0 ip6-localnet
    ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
    ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
    ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
    172.17.0.3      3d7b7b365271
    1.1.1.1 test.com

## e, 传递-e参数 ##

[root@www dockerfile]# cat e_param.dockerfile 
    FROM centos:6                                    
    COPY a.sh /                                      
    RUN chmod +x /a.sh                               
    CMD ["/a.sh", "$@"]                              
                                                     
    [root@www dockerfile]# cat a.sh 
    #!/bin/sh 
    echo $@                                          
    echo $name                                       
    echo $age       
    
    [root@www dockerfile]# docker build . -t e_param -f e_param.dockerfile 
    Sending build context to Docker daemon  6.144kB                                 
    Step 1/4 : FROM centos:6                                                        
     ---> d0957ffdf8a2                                                              
    Step 2/4 : COPY a.sh /                                                          
     ---> Using cache                                                               
     ---> 3ccd29cebca3                                                              
    Step 3/4 : RUN chmod +x /a.sh                                                   
     ---> Using cache                                                               
     ---> 9957f7fad3c6                                                              
    Step 4/4 : CMD ["/a.sh", "$@"]                                                  
     ---> Using cache                                                               
     ---> e1c5420485f2                                                              
    Successfully built e1c5420485f2                                                 
    Successfully tagged e_param:latest   
                                               
    [root@www dockerfile]# docker run -it -e name=lisi -e age=28 e_param 
    $@                                                                              
    lisi                                                                            
    28

# 2, 应用程序jar包：打包为镜像 #

## a, 打包应用程序为jar包 ##

打包下面的文件为可执行的jar包： job.jar

import java.util.Scanner;
    
    public class Hello { 
        public static void main(String[] args) { 
            if (args.length ==0) { 
                System.out.println("please input youar name ");
                System.exit(1);
            }else { 
                System.out.println("hello "+ args[0]);
            }
    
            Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
            while (true){ 
                //输入
                System.out.println("input num1: ");
                String num1 = scanner.next();
    
                System.out.println("input num2: ");
                String num2 = scanner.next();
    
                System.out.println("sum (num1,num2) = "+ (Integer.parseInt(num1)+ Integer.parseInt(num2)));
            }
        }
    }

## b, 编写Dockerfile, 编译镜像，运行容器 ##

准备的文件如下

wang@wang-pc:~/txt/docker-test/business-docker$ ls
    Dockerfile  jdk.tar.gz  job.jar
    
    wang@wang-pc:~/txt/docker-test/business-docker$ cat Dockerfile 
    FROM centos
    
    ADD jdk.tar.gz /root
    COPY job.jar /root
    
    WORKDIR /root
    CMD  jdk1.8/bin/java -jar  job.jar test

## c, 定制jdk镜像( 修改时区，字符集) ##

[root@docker3 docker-self]# ll
    total 175240
    -rw-r--r--. 1 root root       279 Jul 23 17:09 jdk8.dockerfile
    -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 179439263 Jul 21 12:26 jdk-8u211-linux-x64.rpm
    
    [root@docker3 docker-self]# cat jdk8.dockerfile 
    FROM centos:7
    WORKDIR /
    ADD jdk-8u211-linux-x64.rpm  .
    RUN rpm -Uvh jdk*.rpm && rm -f jdk*.rpm && ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime && echo 'Asia/Shanghai' >/etc/timezone
    ENV LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8
    ENV LANG=en_US.UTF-8
    ENV LANGUAGE=en_US.UTF-8
    CMD ["top","-b"]

*  编译镜像

wang@wang-pc:~/txt/docker-test/business-docker$ docker build .
    Sending build context to Docker daemon  190.9MB
    Step 1/5 : FROM centos
     ---> 1e1148e4cc2c
    Step 2/5 : ADD jdk.tar.gz /root
     ---> Using cache
     ---> efd1776422e1
    Step 3/5 : COPY job.jar /root
     ---> Using cache
     ---> ce65c63bb86c
    Step 4/5 : WORKDIR /root
     ---> Using cache
     ---> 1d7da03e91de
    Step 5/5 : CMD  jdk1.8/bin/java -jar  job.jar test
     ---> Using cache
     ---> c5ff2589c724
    Successfully built c5ff2589c724

*  运行容器

wang@wang-pc:~/txt/docker-test/business-docker$ docker run -it c5ff2589c724
    hello test
    input num1: 
    1
    input num2: 
    3
    sum (num1,num2) = 4
    input num1:

# 3, 应用程序war包：打包为镜像 #

## a, 打包web应用程序为war包 ##

根据上篇博客 [https://blog.csdn.net/eyeofeagle/article/details/86597649][https_blog.csdn.net_eyeofeagle_article_details_86597649]， 编写springboot 的helloworld案例，重写Controller类，如下

package a;
    
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    
    @Controller
    public class Controller1 { 
        @RequestMapping(value = "/a", method = { RequestMethod.GET})
        @ResponseBody
        public String successModel(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse reponse)
        { 
            return "hello "+ request.getParameter("name" )+" !";
        }
    }

打包为web.war

## b, 编写Dockerfile,编译镜像，运行容器 ##

wang@wang-pc:~/txt/docker-test/web-docker$ ls
    centos  tomcat
    
    # 以tomcat为基础镜像： 只要拷贝war包到webapps目录即可运行
    wang@wang-pc:~/txt/docker-test/web-docker$ ls tomcat/
    Dockerfile  web.war
    
    # 以centos为基础镜像： 需要安装jdk, tomcat
    wang@wang-pc:~/txt/docker-test/web-docker$ ls centos/
    apache-tomcat-7.0.92.tar.gz  Dockerfile  entrypoint.sh  jdk1.8.tar.gz  web.war

### 1, tomcat镜像版 ###

*  Dockerfile

wang@wang-pc:~/txt/docker-test/web-docker$ cat tomcat/Dockerfile 
    FROM tomcat
    COPY web.war /usr/local/tomcat/webapps

*  编译镜像

wang@wang-pc:~/txt/docker-test/web-docker$ docker build -f tomcat/Dockerfile  tomcat/
    Sending build context to Docker daemon  8.188MB
    Step 1/2 : FROM tomcat
     ---> 168588387c68
    Step 2/2 : COPY web.war /usr/local/tomcat/webapps
     ---> 2c93f355880e
    Successfully built 2c93f355880e

*  运行容器

wang@wang-pc:~/txt/docker-test/web-docker$ docker run -d -P 2c93f355880e
    c71c16f561a2bb1c96cb60e053e87891f2e97db5b91721876c8519ddbaad368e
    dwang@wang-pc:~/txt/docker-test/web-docker$ docker ps
    CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                     NAMES
    c71c16f561a2        2c93f355880e        "catalina.sh run"   3 seconds ago       Up 1 second         0.0.0.0:32768->8080/tcp   priceless_wright

### 2， centos镜像版 ###

*  Dockerfile

wang@wang-pc:~/txt/docker-test/web-docker$ ls centos/
    apache-tomcat-7.0.92.tar.gz  Dockerfile  entrypoint.sh  jdk1.8.tar.gz  web.war
    
    wang@wang-pc:~/txt/docker-test/web-docker$ cat centos/Dockerfile 
    FROM centos
    RUN mkdir /app
    COPY . /app
    
    WORKDIR /app
    RUN tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.92.tar.gz  && tar -zxvf jdk1.8.tar.gz 
    RUN echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/app/jdk1.8/bin' >>/etc/profile 
    RUN echo 'export JAVA_HOME=/app/jdk1.8' >>/etc/profile 
    
    RUN ln -sf apache-tomcat-7.0.92 tomcat
    RUN chmod +x entrypoint.sh
    COPY web.war tomcat/webapps
    
    EXPOSE 8080
    CMD  ["/app/entrypoint.sh"]
    
    wang@wang-pc:~/txt/docker-test/web-docker$ cat centos/entrypoint.sh 
    #!/bin/sh
    source /etc/profile
    /app/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh run

*  编译镜像

wang@wang-pc:~/txt/docker-test/web-docker$ docker build -f centos/Dockerfile centos/
    Sending build context to Docker daemon  208.2MB
    Step 1/12 : FROM centos
     ---> 1e1148e4cc2c
    Step 2/12 : RUN mkdir /app
     ---> Using cache
     ---> 046cbd73b61b
    Step 3/12 : COPY . /app
     ---> Using cache
     ---> 0decb22ed490
    Step 4/12 : WORKDIR /app
     ---> Using cache
     ---> ecf1ad73c5a6
    Step 5/12 : RUN tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.92.tar.gz  && tar -zxvf jdk1.8.tar.gz
     ---> Using cache
     ---> 49bd733b326f
    Step 6/12 : RUN echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/app/jdk1.8/bin' >>/etc/profile
     ---> Using cache
     ---> 9979258f6c4a
    Step 7/12 : RUN echo 'export JAVA_HOME=/app/jdk1.8' >>/etc/profile
     ---> Using cache
     ---> 3dea4e296cf2
    Step 8/12 : RUN ln -sf apache-tomcat-7.0.92 tomcat
     ---> Using cache
     ---> 76f4f56a7064
    Step 9/12 : RUN chmod +x entrypoint.sh
     ---> Using cache
     ---> 8e62226d5c0f
    Step 10/12 : COPY web.war tomcat/webapps
     ---> Using cache
     ---> c97dd34ddbb0
    Step 11/12 : EXPOSE 8080
     ---> Using cache
     ---> 33c02e8e5e53
    Step 12/12 : CMD  ["/app/entrypoint.sh"]
     ---> Using cache
     ---> d38dac2ca09c
    Successfully built d38dac2ca09c

*  运行容器

wang@wang-pc:~/txt/docker-test/web-docker$ docker run -d -P d38dac2ca09c
    ca88879c88ab6040efe3eb9d0f09463b88133905067a585f4651ec12ba092e94
    wang@wang-pc:~/txt/docker-test/web-docker$ docker ps
    CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                     NAMES
    ca88879c88ab        d38dac2ca09c        "/app/entrypoint.sh"   4 seconds ago       Up 1 second         0.0.0.0:32769->8080/tcp   priceless_engelbart

## c, 访问web页面，测试结果 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][20190226184745798.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190226184810519.png]

[https_blog.csdn.net_eyeofeagle_article_details_86597649]: https://blog.csdn.net/eyeofeagle/article/details/86597649
[20190226184745798.png]: /images/20220317/5a2718180c0c480b85406f9cfa9e1a1c.png
[20190226184810519.png]: /images/20220317/ec50a62027234efcba2f8123f9c60d08.png