springboot集成elasticsearch详细使用过程

快来打我* 2022-04-23 04:50 202阅读 0赞

ElasticSearch是一个基于Lucene的搜索服务器。它提供了一个分布式多用户能力的全文搜索引擎，基于RESTful web接口。Elasticsearch是用Java开发的，并作为Apache许可条款下的开放源码发布，是当前流行的企业级搜索引擎。设计用于云计算中，能够达到实时搜索，稳定，可靠，快速，安装使用方便。

java代码操作elasticSearch使用过程：

###    第一步：导入依赖jar包 ###

<parent>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.5.RELEASE</version>
            <relativePath/>
        </parent>
    
    
       <dependencies>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>

###    第二步：写配置文件 application.yml ###

spring:
      data:
        elasticsearch:
          cluster-name: elasticsearch
          cluster-nodes: 127.0.0.1:9300 #9200是图形界面端,9300代码端

###   第三步：写一个springboot的入口类 ###

@SpringBootApplication
    public class ElasticSearchApplication {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(ElasticSearchApplication.class);
        }
    }

###   第四步：写一个需要存储数据的实体类 ###

package cn.mesmile.index;
    
    import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;
    import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.Document;
    import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.Field;
    import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.FieldType;
    
    /**
     * @Created with IDEA
     * @author: Super Zheng
     * @Description: java类作用描述
     * @Date:2019/1/21
     * @Time:22:23
     *  indexName为仓库名
     *  type为类型
     */
    @Document(indexName = "test",type = "user")
    public class User {
        /**
         * id标识为主键
         */
        @Id
        private Long id;
        /**
         * 标识username为关键字，不用分词器拆分
         */
        @Field(type = FieldType.Keyword)
        private String username;
        /**
         * 用户简介，用分词器拆分
         *  analyzer   为创建索引时的分词器
         *  searchAnalyzer  为搜索时的分词器
         */
        @Field(type = FieldType.Text,analyzer = "ik_max_word",searchAnalyzer = "ik_max_word")
        private String intro;
        /**
         * 定义年龄为integer类型
         */
        @Field(type = FieldType.Integer)
        private Integer age;
    
    
        public Long getId() {
            return id;
        }
    
        public void setId(Long id) {
            this.id = id;
        }
    
        public String getUsername() {
            return username;
        }
    
        public void setUsername(String username) {
            this.username = username;
        }
    
        public String getIntro() {
            return intro;
        }
    
        public void setIntro(String intro) {
            this.intro = intro;
        }
    
        public Integer getAge() {
            return age;
        }
    
        public void setAge(Integer age) {
            this.age = age;
        }
    
        public User(Long id, String username, String intro, Integer age) {
            this.id = id;
            this.username = username;
            this.intro = intro;
            this.age = age;
        }
    
        public User() {
        }
    
        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "User{" +
                    "id=" + id +
                    ", username='" + username + '\'' +
                    ", intro='" + intro + '\'' +
                    ", age=" + age +
                    '}';
        }
    }

###  第五步：自定义接口去继承 ElasticsearchRepository ###

package cn.mesmile.repository;
    
    import cn.mesmile.index.User;
    import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.repository.ElasticsearchRepository;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
    
    /**
     * @Created with IDEA
     * @author: Super Zheng
     * @Description: java类作用描述
     * @Date:2019/1/21
     * @Time:22:28
     *  ElasticsearchRepository<User,Long>
     *      User为实体类的类型，Long为主键的类型
     */
    @Repository
    public interface UserRepository extends ElasticsearchRepository<User,Long> {
    }

###  第六步：测试 ###

package cn.mesmile;
    
    import cn.mesmile.index.User;
    import cn.mesmile.repository.UserRepository;
    import org.elasticsearch.index.query.BoolQueryBuilder;
    import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilder;
    import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilders;
    import org.elasticsearch.search.sort.SortBuilders;
    import org.elasticsearch.search.sort.SortOrder;
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
    import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
    import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest;
    import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.ElasticsearchTemplate;
    import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.query.FetchSourceFilter;
    import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.query.NativeSearchQuery;
    import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.query.NativeSearchQueryBuilder;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Optional;
    
    /**
     * @Created with IDEA
     * @author: Super Zheng
     * @Description: java代码操作ElasticSearch
     * @Date:2019/1/21
     * @Time:22:30
     */
    @RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
    @SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
    public class ElasticSearchTest {
    
        @Autowired
        private UserRepository repository;
    
        @Autowired
        private ElasticsearchTemplate template;
    
        // 第一步：创建索引，建立映射关系
        @Test
        public void testCreate () {
            // 创建索引
            template.createIndex(User.class);
            // 关联映射
            template.putMapping(User.class);
            // 为删除库
            //template.deleteIndex(indexName);
        }
        // 测试保存
        @Test
        public void testSave () {
            User user = new User(1L, "test", "这是一个测试", 18);
            repository.save(user);
        }
        // 测试保存多个数据
        @Test
        public void testSaveAll () {
            List<User> userList = new ArrayList<>();
            for (int i = 3; i <20 ; i++) {
                userList.add(new User(i+1L,"test"+i,"这是一个测试"+i,19+i));
            }
            repository.saveAll(userList);
        }
        // 查询一个数据
        @Test
        public void testFindById () {
            Optional<User> byId = repository.findById(1L);
            User user = byId.get();
            System.out.println(user);
        }
        // 查询所有数据
        @Test
        public void testFindAll () {
            Iterable<User> all = repository.findAll();
            for (User user : all) {
                System.out.println(user);
            }
        }
        // 测试修改
        @Test
        public void testUpdate () {
            // 先查询
            Optional<User> byId = repository.findById(1L);
            User user = byId.get();
            System.out.println(user);
            // 再修改
            user.setUsername("updateData");
            repository.save(user);
    
            Optional<User> byId1 = repository.findById(1L);
            User user1 = byId1.get();
            System.out.println(user1);
        }
        // 测试删除
        @Test
        public void testDelete () {
            repository.deleteById(1L);
        }
    
        // 测试多条件查询
        @Test
        public void testNativeSearchQueryBuilder () {
    
            NativeSearchQueryBuilder queryBuilder = new NativeSearchQueryBuilder();
    
            BoolQueryBuilder bool = QueryBuilders.boolQuery();
    
            // 注意这里不要使用没有设置分词的字段作为模糊查询的字段
            // 模糊查询                           需要查询的字段   匹配值
            bool.must(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("intro", "测试"));
            // 过滤查询
            List<QueryBuilder> filter = bool.filter();
            // 添加过滤条件                       筛选年龄大于等于6和小于等于30的
            filter.add(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").gte(6).lte(30));
    
            queryBuilder.withQuery(bool);
    
            // 按照年龄升序排列
            queryBuilder.withSort(SortBuilders.fieldSort("age").order(SortOrder.ASC));
            // 分页查询                             页数从0开始，每页查询8条
            queryBuilder.withPageable(PageRequest.of(0, 8));
            // 过滤字段。此处只保留 username和age两个字段
            queryBuilder.withSourceFilter(new FetchSourceFilter(new String[]{"username","age"},null));
            // 构造查询条件
            NativeSearchQuery build = queryBuilder.build();
            // 分页查询
            Page<User> page = repository.search(build);
            System.out.println("总页数："+page.getTotalPages());
            System.out.println("总数据条数："+page.getTotalElements());
            for (User user : page) {
                System.out.println(user);
            }
    
        }
    
    }

### ** 注意：在测试的过程中，一定要开启 elasticsearch 的服务端  参考------->[图形化界面操作elasticSearch的使用过程][elasticSearch]** ###

[elasticSearch]: https://blog.csdn.net/suprezheng/article/details/85867727