linux基础-Cmake

青旅半醒 2022-04-22 03:24 137阅读 0赞

### 文章目录 ###

*   *  CMakeLists.txt
     *   *  库的制作
         *  基本的CMakeLists.txt
         *  find\_package
         *  多目录CMakeLists.txt的编写
         *   *  方法一：每个类的头文件和源文件在同一个文件夹
             *  方法二：所有类的头文件在一起(include),源文件在一起(src)
         *  常用
     *  cmake-gui
     *  mac 上 cmake rpath问题

参考链接：  
https://www.cnblogs.com/ningskyer/articles/7158948.html  
https://cmake.org/cmake-tutorial/

## CMakeLists.txt ##

### 库的制作 ###

# 查找当前目录下的所有源文件，保存到 DIR_LIB_SRCS 变量
    aux_source_directory(. DIR_LIB_SRCS)
    # 生成链接库
    add_library (mylib STATIC ${DIR_LIB_SRCS})  #静态库 libmylib.a：STATIC  共享库libmylib.so：SHARED ，默认静态库

### 基本的CMakeLists.txt ###

说明：

1.  目录结构：src（源文件）、include（头文件）、lib（库文件）、CMakeLists.txt
2.  使用的时候将下面CMakeLists.txt中库名替换
3.  mkdir build-> cd build-> cmake … -> make
4.  bulid目录下会生成MakeFile 和 目标程序

#申明要求的cmake的最低版本
    cmake_minimum_required (VERSION 2.6) 
    
    #申明一个cmake工程
    project (Tutorial)
    
    
    
    include_directories(include)           #包含头文件
    add_subdirectory(lib)                #添加一个子目录, 指明本cmake项目包含一个子目录
    
    
    #将src目录下的所有源文件名保存到DIR_SRCS变量中
    aux_source_directory(src DIR_SRCS)
    
    #生成gdb调试程序
    #set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE "Debug")
    #set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG "$ENV{CXXFLAGS} -O0 -Wall -g -ggdb")
    #set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE "$ENV{CXXFLAGS} -O3 -Wall")
    
    add_executable(Tutorial ${DIR_SRCS})     #添加一个可执行文件   语法：add_executable(程序名 原码文件)
    target_link_libraries(Tutorial 库名)

### find\_package ###

find\_package命令**最终**通过 pkg-config 命令来查找是否有对应的package 模块，那么pkg-config 又是如何来知道我们的系统是否安装了某个模块呢？ pkg-config是通过 \*.pc 的文件来判断。 例如 如果pkg-config找到了 libswscale2.11.pc 则就说明我们有 libswscale 2.11 库,  
而 libswscale2.11.pc 里则定义了 header和lib的目录位置，通常在以下目录能找到pkgconfig目录：`/usr/local/lib /usr/local/share/ /usr/lib`。如果想加入其它目录：`export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=$PKG_CONFIG_PATH:/usr/local/Cellar/opencv/3.4.0/lib/pkgconfig`

find\_package(OpenCV REQUIRED)会在Ubuntu系统中找到OpenCVConfig.cmake，该文件定义了OpenCV\_INCLUDE\_DIRS和OpenCV\_LIBS 等变量，因而可以使用 include\_directories和target\_link\_libraries来访问这两个变量。

可以通过打开terminal输入locate OpenCVConfig.cmake来找到这个.cmake文件，用以确认系统确实安装了OpenCV.

可以指定库的查找路径，相当于指定特定的库版本

`set(OpenCV_DIR /opt/share/OpenCV)`

### 多目录CMakeLists.txt的编写 ###

#### 方法一：每个类的头文件和源文件在同一个文件夹 ####

文件结构如下：而且Student继承Person

![在这里插入图片描述][20190306183508811.png]

*  Person

Person.h

#ifndef __PERSON_H
    #define __PERSON_H
    #include <iostream>
    using namespace std;
    
    class Person
    { 
    
    public:
        Person(string name, int id);
        ~Person();
    
        void Print();
    
    protected:
        string m_name;
        int m_ID;     
    };
    
    
    #endif

Person.cpp

#include "Person.h"
    
    
    Person::Person(string name, int id)
    { 
        m_name = name;
        m_ID = id;
    }
    
    
    Person::~Person()
    { 
    
    }
    
    
    void Person::Print()
    { 
        cout << m_name << " : " << m_ID << endl;
    }

CMakeLists.txt

aux_source_directory(. DIR_PERSON_SRC)
    add_library(Person ${ DIR_PERSON_SRC})

*  Student

Student.h

#ifndef __STUDENT_H
    #define __STUDENT_H
    
    #include "Person.h"
    
    class Student : public Person
    { 
    
    public:
        Student( string name, int id, int scores);
        ~Student();
    
        void Print();
    
    
    private:	
        int m_scores;
    };
    
    #endif

Student.cpp

#include "Student.h"
    
    
    Student::Student(string name, int id, int scores):Person(name, id),m_scores(scores)
    { 
    
    }
    
    
    Student::~Student()
    { 
    
    }
    
    
    void Student::Print()
    { 
        cout << m_name << " : " << m_ID << endl;
        cout << m_scores << endl;
    }

CMakeLists.txt

include_directories(../Person)
    
    aux_source_directory(. DIR_STUDENT_SRC)
    add_library(Student ${ DIR_STUDENT_SRC})
    
    target_link_libraries(Student Person)

*  顶层

main.cpp

#include "Student.h"
    #include "Student.h"
    
    
    int main(void)
    { 
    
        Student s1( "juliana" , 1, 90);
        s1.Print();
    
    }

CMakeLists.txt

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.0)
    project(my_test)
    
    
    
    aux_source_directory(. DIRSRC)
    
    include_directories(Person Student)
    
    add_subdirectory(Person)
    add_subdirectory(Student)
    
    
    add_executable(my_test ${DIRSRC})
    target_link_libraries(my_test Person Student)

#### 方法二：所有类的头文件在一起(include),源文件在一起(src) ####

文件结构如下：  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190306173259595.png]

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5)
    project(my_test)
    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "-std=c++11")
    
    #OpenCV
    find_package(OpenCV REQUIRED) 
    
    #pcl
    find_package(PCL REQUIRED COMPONENT common io)
    add_definitions(${PCL_DEFINITIONS})
    
    
    #头文件目录
    include_directories("/usr/include/eigen3/")
    include_directories(include)
    
    
     #自己编写的源文件和头文件
    FILE(GLOB_RECURSE CURRENT_INCLUDE include/*.hpp)
    FILE(GLOB_RECURSE CURRENT_SOURCES src/*.cpp)
    
    
    ＃Debug
    set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE "Debug") 
    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG "$ENV{CXXFLAGS} -O0 -Wall -g -ggdb") 
    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE "$ENV{CXXFLAGS} -O3 -Wall")
    
    
    add_executable(my_test ${CURRENT_SOURCES} ${CURRENT_INCLUDE})
    target_link_libraries(my_test ${OpenCV_LIBS} ${PCL_LIBRARIES})

--------------------

### 常用 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][20190627094541120.png]

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8)
    project(VIO_Data_Simulation)
    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "-std=c++11")
    
    set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE Debug)  # Release or Debug
    set(EXECUTABLE_OUTPUT_PATH ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/bin)
    set(LIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/lib)
    list(APPEND CMAKE_MODULE_PATH ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake_modules)
    
    
    
    
    FILE(GLOB_RECURSE CURRENT_INCLUDE include/*.hpp)
    FILE(GLOB_RECURSE CURRENT_SOURCES src/*.cpp)
    
    find_package(Eigen3 REQUIRED)
    find_package(OpenCV REQUIRED)
    find_package(Sophus REQUIRED)
    
    
    include_directories(
        ${EIGEN3_INCLUDE_DIR}
        ${SOPHUS_INCLUDE_DIR}
        ${OPENCV_INCLUDE_DIR}
        "include"
        )
    
    LIST(APPEND LINK_LIBS
        ${OpenCV_LIBS}
        ${Sophus_LIBRARIES}
        )
    
    
    add_executable(data_generation main/main.cpp ${CURRENT_SOURCES} ${CURRENT_INCLUDE})
    target_link_libraries(data_generation ${LINK_LIBS})

## cmake-gui ##

*  安装：apt-get install cmake-qt-gui
 *  打开：cmake-gui

使用：见[opencv\_contrib博客][opencv_contrib]

## mac 上 cmake rpath问题 ##

[参考][Link 1]

[20190306183508811.png]: /images/20220422/03ad417bae814d2386d86866b07d6501.png
[20190306173259595.png]: /images/20220422/4ee2e4ac27a7442cb6abba2f8e95aa2c.png
[20190627094541120.png]: /images/20220422/d294f688a24c4fba8223c71014f0b551.png
[opencv_contrib]: https://blog.csdn.net/zzyczzyc/article/details/87954858
[Link 1]: https://blog.csdn.net/cupidove/article/details/54895618