Spring MVC+Hibernate+Spring集成小例子

约定不等于承诺〃 2022-04-21 14:28 215阅读 0赞

\[b\]\[color=green\]\[size=large\]上次，散仙给了一个关于Sping MVC注解简单的小例子，那么本次呢，给出一个稍微复杂的基于增加改查的小项目，下面先介绍下此项目对应的一些信息。\[/size\]\[/color\]\[/b\]  
  
\[b\]\[color=green\]\[size=large\]\[table\]  
|名称|描述  
|Web容器|Tomcat6.0  
|IDE工具|Myeclipse10.1  
|平台|Windows  
|语言|JAVA  
|JDK|1.6  
|数据库|MySQL5.1  
|Sping|3.2（非Myeclipse自带，需要下载）  
|Hibernate|3.3（IDE自带）  
|Jquery|1.7.1  
|人力道具|屌丝软件工程师一名  
\[/table\]\[/size\]\[/color\]\[/b\]  
\[b\]\[color=olive\]\[size=large\]项目背景概况，此项目为了模拟开发中的实际场景，使用了2张表，具有主外键关系，一个是主表Person，另一个从表Country，比上一次的单表的增删改查骚加复杂，实为新手练手的一个好例子。  
下面是功能描述:  
\[table\]  
|功能|描述  
|查询功能|默认情况下显示所有Person信息，需含有外键表的Country的name信息  
|增加功能|在首页上点击添加信息，跳转页面，Country信息需用下拉框显示，后台添加成功后，需要用以ajax的形式，返回响应，提示添加成功  
|修改功能|可以对对应的Person信息进行修改，注意下拉框与修改的Person的对应  
|删除功能|可以在首页上对对应的Person信息进行删除  
\[/table\]  
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\[b\]\[color=green\]\[size=large\]spring的配置文件:\[/size\]\[/color\]\[/b\]

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans default-autowire="byName" xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
          xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
        xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"  
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
    
            ">
    
       
        <context:component-scan base-package="controller" />  
    
          
        <mvc:annotation-driven />  
    
    
       
    	 
    
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    
    
            <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
            <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
        </bean>
    
          
        
          
          <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping"></bean>
          
          <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
         
    
    
          </bean>
    
    
    
          
        <mvc:resources location="/jquery/" mapping="/jquery/**" />  
       
    </beans>

\[b\]\[color=olive\]\[size=large\]web.xml的配置文件:\[/size\]\[/color\]\[/b\]

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app version="3.0" 
    	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
    	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
    	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
      <display-name></display-name>	
      
       <context-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:ac*.xml</param-value>
     </context-param>
      
       <listener>
      <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
     </listener>
      <servlet>  
    
      
        <servlet-name>qin</servlet-name>  
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>  
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>  
    </servlet>  
    <servlet-mapping>  
        <servlet-name>qin</servlet-name>  
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>  
    </servlet-mapping> 
    
    <servlet>  
        <servlet-name>forwarding</servlet-name>  
        <servlet-class>com.qin.sanxian.ForwardServlet</servlet-class>  
    </servlet>  
    
    <filter>  
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>  
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>  
        <init-param>  
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>  
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>  
        </init-param>  
    </filter>  
        
      <filter>
      <filter-name>osiv</filter-name>
      <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
     </filter>
     <filter-mapping>
     <filter-name>osiv</filter-name>
     <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
     </filter-mapping>
    <filter-mapping>  
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>  
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
    </filter-mapping> 
      <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
      </welcome-file-list>
    </web-app>

\[b\]\[color=green\]\[size=large\]ac.xml的配置:\[/size\]\[/color\]\[/b\]

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans default-autowire="byName" xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd  http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop  http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd">
    
    
    
    	<bean id="dataSource"
    		class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource" >
    		<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver">
    		</property>
    		<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test"></property>
    		<property name="username" value="root"></property>
    		<property name="password" value="ninemax"></property>
    	</bean>
    	<bean id="sessionFactory"
    		class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
    		<property name="dataSource">
    			<ref bean="dataSource" />
    		</property>
    		<property name="hibernateProperties">
    			<props>
    				<prop key="hibernate.dialect">
    					org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
    				</prop>
    			</props>
    		</property>
    		<property name="mappingResources">
    			<list>
    				<value>entity/Country.hbm.xml</value>
    				<value>entity/Person.hbm.xml</value></list>
    		</property></bean>
    
    
    		
    	<bean id="tx"
    		class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
    
    	</bean>
    
    		
    
    	<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="tx">
    		<tx:attributes>
    			<tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
    			<tx:method name="get*" propagation="SUPPORTS" />
    			<tx:method name="find*" read-only="true" />
    		</tx:attributes>
    	</tx:advice>
    
    
    		
    	<aop:config>
    		<aop:pointcut expression="execution(* commons.*.*(..))"
    			id="pc" />
    		<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pc" />
    	</aop:config>
    
    	
    	<bean  name="basedao"  class="commons.BaseDao" abstract="true"> </bean>
    
    
    
    
    
    		</beans>

\[b\]\[color=green\]\[size=large\]ac.Dao的配置文件:\[/size\]\[/color\]\[/b\]

\[b\]\[color=olive\]\[size=large\]控制器的核心代码：\[/size\]\[/color\]\[/b\]

package controller;
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.List;
    
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    
    
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
    
    
    import com.google.gson.Gson;
    
    
    
    import dao.CountryDao;
    import dao.PersonDao;
    import entity.Country;
    import entity.Person;
    
    /**
     * @author 秦东亮
     * 技术群:324714439
     * 
     * 
     * */
    @Controller
    public class PersonController {
       
    
    	@Resource(name="personDao")
    	  private PersonDao personDao;
    
    	 public PersonDao getPersonDao() {
       
    		return personDao;
    	}
    
    	public void setPersonDao(PersonDao personDao) {
       
    		this.personDao = personDao;
    	}
    	@Resource(name="countryDao")
    	private CountryDao countryDao;
    
    
    	public CountryDao getCountryDao() {
       
    		return countryDao;
    	}
    
    	public void setCountryDao(CountryDao countryDao) {
       
    		this.countryDao = countryDao;
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * 输出所有的用户信息
    	 * 
    	 * **/
    	@RequestMapping( value="/showAll")
    	public String showAll(HttpServletRequest request)throws Exception{
       
    
    
    		request.setAttribute("plist", personDao.find(" from Person "));
    
    		 return "showAll";
    	 }
    
    	/**
    	 * 输出所有的国家信息
    	 * 
    	 * **/
    	@RequestMapping( value="/add")
    	public String add(HttpServletRequest request)throws Exception{
       
    
    
    		request.setAttribute("clist", countryDao.find(" from Country "));
    
    		 return "adda";
    	 }
    
    	 /**
    	  * 删除的方法
    	  * */
    	@RequestMapping( value="/delete")
    	public String delete(HttpServletRequest request)throws Exception{
       
    
    		 int id=Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("id"));
    		 personDao.delete(personDao.get(id));
    
    		 return "redirect:/showAll";
    	 }
    
    	 /**
    	  * 删除的方法
    	  * request域的写法
    	  * */
    	@RequestMapping( value="/update")
    	public String update(HttpServletRequest request)throws Exception{
       
    
    		 int id=Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("id"));
    
    		 request.setAttribute("p", personDao.get(id));
    		 request.setAttribute("clist", countryDao.find(" from Country "));
    
    		 return "update";
    	 }
    
    
    	 /**
    	  * 更新的操作
    	  * 封装成实体类的写法
    	  * */
    	@RequestMapping( value="/sup",method=RequestMethod.POST)
    	public String sup(Person person,HttpServletRequest request){
       
    
    		try{
       
    
    			personDao.update(person);
    //		 System.out.println("111");
    	//	System.out.println(person.getName());
    			//System.out.println(person.getCountry().getId());
    			//System.out.println(request.getParameter("name"));
    
    		}catch (Exception e) {
       
    			 e.printStackTrace();
    		}
    		 return "redirect:/showAll";
    	 }
    
    	/**
    	 * 保存一条数据
    	 * 没有使用实体类自动封装的功能
    	 * 
    	 * **/
    
    	@RequestMapping( value="/save",method=RequestMethod.POST)
    
    	public void  save(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response)throws Exception{
       
    
    
    	//   personDao.save(person);//保存成功
    
     	 Person person=new Person();
     	 person.setAge(Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("age")));
     	 person.setName(request.getParameter("name"));
     	 Country c=new Country();
     	 c.setId(Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("cid")));
     	 person.setCountry(c);
     	 personDao.save(person);
    
     	//System.out.println("cid :  "+request.getParameter("cid"));
        Gson g=new Gson();
    //    List<String> list=new ArrayList<String>();
    //    list.add("A");
    //    list.add("B");
    //    list.add("C");
    //    list.add("D");
        response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        response.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
        //response.getWriter().write(g.toJson(list)); 
        response.getWriter().write(g.toJson("添加成功!")); 
    	//	response.getWriter().write("1");
    
    
    
    	 }
    
    
    	/**
    	 * 保存一条数据
    	 * 基于ajax的json自动封装的
    	 * 实体类
    	 * 注意有嵌套类时的
    	 * 写法"county.id"
    	 * 
    	 * **/
    
    	@RequestMapping( value="/savetwo",method=RequestMethod.POST)
    
    	public void  savetwo(Person person,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response)throws Exception{
       
    
    
    	   personDao.save(person);//保存成功
    
    
    	//	System.out.println(person);
     	//System.out.println("cid :  "+request.getParameter("cid"));
        Gson g=new Gson();
    //    List<String> list=new ArrayList<String>();
    //    list.add("A");
    //    list.add("B");
    //    list.add("C");
    //    list.add("D");
        response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        response.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
        //response.getWriter().write(g.toJson(list)); 
        response.getWriter().write(g.toJson("添加成功!")); 
    	//	response.getWriter().write("1");
    
    
    
    	 }
    
    
    }

\[b\]\[color=olive\]\[size=large\]添加的JSP页面的代码 ：\[/size\]\[/color\]\[/b\]

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
      <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jstl/core_rt" prefix="c" %>
    
    <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
    <html>
      <head>
    
    
        <title>My JSP 'add.jsp' starting page</title>
    
    	<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    	<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    	<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    	<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    	<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    	
    
     <script type="text/javascript" src="jquery/jquery-1.7.1.min.js"></script></head>
    
      <script type="text/javascript">
    
      /*
        $(function(){
       
    
    
       $("#btn").bind('click',function(){
       
       alert('123');
         var name=$("#name").val();
      var age=$("#age").val();
      var cid=$("#cid").val();
    
        $.ajax({
       
    				type:"post",
    				url:"save",
    				data:{name:name,age:age,country.id=cid},
    				 dataType:"json",
    				 success: function(msg) {
       
    
                           alert(msg)
    
    				}
    			});
    
    
       });
    
      });  
    */
    
     function qin(){
       
    
       var name=$("#name").val();
      var age=$("#age").val();
      var cid=$("#cid").val();
    
        $.ajax({
       
    				type:"post",
    			  	url:"savetwo",
    				 data:{name:name,age:age,"country.id":cid},
    				// data:{name:name,age:age,cid:cid},
    				 dataType:"json",
    				 success: function(msg) {
       
    
                           alert(msg)
    
            location.href = "showAll";
    				}
    			});
    
     }
    
      </script>
      <body>
    
    
       名字: <input  id="name"  name="name"><br>
       年龄:<input  id="age"  name="age"><br>
       请选择国家:
       <select id="cid" name="cname" >
       <c:forEach   items="${clist }" var="c">
       <option    value="${c.id}" >${c.cname} </option>
       </c:forEach>
       </select>
    
       <button id="btn"   onclick="qin()"  >提交</button>
    
    
      </body>
    </html>

\[b\]\[color=green\]\[size=large\]最后，散仙先总结下自己写这个小项目的最大的2个收获之处：  
  
1，关于Sping MVC的json问题，因为在项目中使用到了Ajax传参以及返回参数，所以就避免不了与json打交道，所以就需要配置Sping MVC支持json的转换，这个问题比较蛋疼，可能也是散仙还不够熟练吧，Sping MVC内置支持的json需要下载什么jakson的包，但是经过一番折腾，老是启动报错，可能是版本不一致问题，最后弃用Sping MVC的内置json功能，使用流的形式的返回json，然后进行处理，包括在Struts2里面散仙也弃用了其自身携带的json功能，而是结合json工具，比如gson,fastgson，来完成ajax的一些问题，这样以来，就很简单，而且不容易出错的出色的完成某些功能。  
  
2，第二个收获之处，关于Sping MVC提交的数据，怎么跟后台的实体类相绑定的问题，或者实体类里面又嵌套了一个实体类这样应该如何绑定参数？  
其实这些问题在struts2里面还是比较好解决的，都以后台的（Action）里面实体类的属性名绑定就OK了，简单类型person.name就在表单的name里写一致就OK了，ajax无表单情况下也是如此，如果含有嵌套类需要类似使用person.country.name这样写即可，ajax无表单提交情况一样。在Spring MVC里如果是表单提交则写name就可以，如果是ajax无表单的异步提交则需要加上双引号"country.name"，类似这样，另外一点关于多选框提交时，<option>标签里一定要有值，否则获取select标签时，会出现类似400错误，而Sping后台却无任何异常，所以这一点需要重点注意一下。  
  
  
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