CentOS6.5上安装Python2.7和PIP

旧城等待， 2022-04-18 06:32 157阅读 0赞

目前大部分用户使用的CentOS6.5上默认的Python还是2.6版本。升级到Python2.7碰到很多问题。本文将介绍如何安装Python2.7。

##### 安装python 依赖包： #####

yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel

下载安装Python2.7  
python2.7 下载地址

https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.11/Python-2.7.11.tgz

##### 安装python2.7 #####

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.11/Python-2.7.11.tgz
    tar vxf Python-2.7.11.tgz
    cd Python-2.7.11
    ./configure --prefix=/usr/local
    make && make install

安装完成后，通过运行python，可以看到版本

#python --version
       Python 2.7.12

##### 安装pip #####

pip是python的安装工具，很多python的常用工具，都可以通过pip进行安装。  
安装pip，首先要安装setuptools。下面的链接可以得到相关信息，最新版本是21.0.0: [https://pypi.python.org/pypi/setuptools][https_pypi.python.org_pypi_setuptools]  
下载链接

https://pypi.python.org/packages/ff/d4/209f4939c49e31f5524fa0027bf1c8ec3107abaf7c61fdaad704a648c281/setuptools-21.0.0.tar.gz#md5=81964fdb89534118707742e6d1a1ddb4

###### 安装setuptools ######

tar vxf setuptools-21.0.0.tar.gz 
    cd setuptools-21.0.0
    python setup.py  install

###### 下载pip ######

wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/41/27/9a8d24e1b55bd8c85e4d022da2922cb206f183e2d18fee4e320c9547e751/pip-8.1.1.tar.gz#md5=6b86f11841e89c8241d689956ba99ed7
    tar vxf pip-8.1.1.tar.gz 
    cd pip-8.1.1
    python setup.py install

安装完成后，运行pip

[root@crmnginx pip-8.1.1]# pip
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "/usr/bin/pip2", line 5, in <module>
        from pkg_resources import load_entry_point
      File "build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2927, in <module>
      File "build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2913, in _call_aside
      File "build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2940, in _initialize_master_working_set
      File "build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 637, in _build_master
      File "build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 650, in _build_from_requirements
      File "build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 829, in resolve
    pkg_resources.DistributionNotFound: The 'pip==7.1.0' distribution was not found and is required by the application

报错原因：  
现在的pip版本还是系统默认带的版本，需要新版本替代就版本

rm -rf /usr/bin/pip*
    cp -r /usr/local/python2.7/bin/pip* /usr/bin/
    [xxx@crmnginx pip-8.1.1]# pip
    
    Usage:   
      pip <command> [options]
    
    Commands:
      install                     Install packages.
      download                    Download packages.
      uninstall                   Uninstall packages.
      freeze                      Output installed packages in requirements format.
      list                        List installed packages.
      show                        Show information about installed packages.
      search                      Search PyPI for packages.
      wheel                       Build wheels from your requirements.
      hash                        Compute hashes of package archives.
      completion                  A helper command used for command completion
      help                        Show help for commands.
    
    General Options:
      -h, --help                  Show help.
      --isolated                  Run pip in an isolated mode, ignoring environment variables and user configuration.
      -v, --verbose               Give more output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times.
      -V, --version               Show version and exit.
      -q, --quiet                 Give less output.
      --log <path>                Path to a verbose appending log.
      --proxy <proxy>             Specify a proxy in the form [user:passwd@]proxy.server:port.
      --retries <retries>         Maximum number of retries each connection should attempt (default 5 times).
      --timeout <sec>             Set the socket timeout (default 15 seconds).
      --exists-action <action>    Default action when a path already exists: (s)witch, (i)gnore, (w)ipe, (b)ackup.
      --trusted-host <hostname>   Mark this host as trusted, even though it does not have valid or any HTTPS.
      --cert <path>               Path to alternate CA bundle.
      --client-cert <path>        Path to SSL client certificate, a single file containing the private key and the certificate in PEM format.
      --cache-dir <dir>           Store the cache data in <dir>.
      --no-cache-dir              Disable the cache.
      --disable-pip-version-check
                                  Don't periodically check PyPI to determine whether a new version of pip is available for download. Implied with --no-index.
    You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root

[https_pypi.python.org_pypi_setuptools]: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/setuptools