Spring Boot 整合Spring Data JPA 数据接口开发测试(一)

矫情吗；* 2022-04-17 06:57 287阅读 0赞

## 项目对象模型文件pom.xml ##

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
    	<groupId>com.weichai</groupId>
    	<artifactId>CrudRepository</artifactId>
    	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    	<packaging>jar</packaging>
    
    	<name>CrudRepository</name>
    	<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    
    	
    	<parent>
    		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    		<version>2.0.0.RELEASE</version>
    		<relativePath />
    	</parent>
    
    	<properties>
    		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
    		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
    	</properties>
    
    	<dependencies>
    
    		
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    
    		
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    
    		
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
    			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    
    		
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>junit</groupId>
    			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    			<version>3.8.1</version>
    			<scope>test</scope>
    		</dependency>
    	</dependencies>
    </project>

## 配置文件 ##

########################################################
    ### \u6570\u636E\u6E90\u4FE1\u606F\u914D\u7F6E
    ########################################################
    # \u6570\u636E\u5E93\u5730\u5740
    spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springboot?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
    # \u7528\u6237\u540D
    spring.datasource.username=root
    # \u5BC6\u7801
    spring.datasource.password=123456
    # \u6570\u636E\u5E93\u9A71\u52A8
    spring.datasource.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    # \u6307\u5B9A\u8FDE\u63A5\u6C60\u4E2D\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6D3B\u8DC3\u8FDE\u63A5\u6570.
    spring.datasource.max-active=20
    # \u6307\u5B9A\u8FDE\u63A5\u6C60\u6700\u5927\u7684\u7A7A\u95F2\u8FDE\u63A5\u6570\u91CF.
    spring.datasource.max-idle=8
    # \u6307\u5B9A\u5FC5\u987B\u4FDD\u6301\u8FDE\u63A5\u7684\u6700\u5C0F\u503C
    spring.datasource.min-idle=8
    # \u6307\u5B9A\u542F\u52A8\u8FDE\u63A5\u6C60\u65F6\uFF0C\u521D\u59CB\u5EFA\u7ACB\u7684\u8FDE\u63A5\u6570\u91CF
    spring.datasource.initial-size=10
    
    
    ########################################################
    ### JPA\u6301\u4E45\u5316\u914D\u7F6E
    ########################################################
    # \u6307\u5B9A\u6570\u636E\u5E93\u7684\u7C7B\u578B
    spring.jpa.database=MySQL
    # \u6307\u5B9A\u662F\u5426\u9700\u8981\u5728\u65E5\u5FD7\u4E2D\u663E\u793Asql\u8BED\u53E5
    spring.jpa.show-sql=true
    # \u6307\u5B9A\u81EA\u52A8\u521B\u5EFA|\u66F4\u65B0|\u9A8C\u8BC1\u6570\u636E\u5E93\u8868\u7ED3\u6784\u7B49\u914D\u7F6E\uFF0C\u914D\u7F6E\u6210update
    # \u8868\u793A\u5982\u679C\u6570\u636E\u5E93\u4E2D\u5B58\u5728\u6301\u4E45\u5316\u7C7B\u5BF9\u5E94\u7684\u8868\u5C31\u4E0D\u521B\u5EFA\uFF0C\u4E0D\u5B58\u5728\u5C31\u521B\u5EFA\u5BF9\u5E94\u7684\u8868
    spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update
    # Naming strategy
    # \u6307\u5B9A\u547D\u540D\u7B56\u7565
    spring.jpa.hibernate.naming-strategy=org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy
    # \u6307\u5B9A\u6570\u636E\u5E93\u65B9\u8A00
    spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect

## 核心接口代码: ##

package com.weichai.CrudRepository.entity;
    
    import java.io.Serializable;
    
    import javax.persistence.Entity;
    import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
    import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
    import javax.persistence.Id;
    import javax.persistence.Table;
    
    /**
     * 定义数据表对应的实体类,如果实体没有对应的表则自动创建,有则不变
     * @author lhy
     * @date 2018.11.10
     */
    @Entity
    @Table(name="user")
    public class User implements Serializable {
    
    	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; 
    	
    	/**
    	 * 使用@Id指定主键. 使用代码@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
    	 * 指定主键的生成策略,mysql默认的是自增长。
    	 */
    	@Id
    	@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    	private int id; // 主键
    	private String username; // 姓名 username
    	private String loginName; //登录名称
    	private char sex;  // 性别
    	private int age;  // 年龄
    	public int getId() {
    		return id;
    	}
    	public void setId(int id) {
    		this.id = id;
    	}
    	public String getUsername() {
    		return username;
    	}
    	public void setUsername(String username) {
    		this.username = username;
    	}
    	public String getLoginName() {
    		return loginName;
    	}
    	public void setLoginName(String loginName) {
    		this.loginName = loginName;
    	}
    	public char getSex() {
    		return sex;
    	}
    	public void setSex(char sex) {
    		this.sex = sex;
    	}
    	public int getAge() {
    		return age;
    	}
    	public void setAge(int age) {
    		this.age = age;
    	}
    	
    }

package com.weichai.CrudRepository.dao;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
    import com.weichai.CrudRepository.entity.User;
    
    /**
     * 该接口继承CrudRepository接口,以持久化对象User作为CrudRepository的第一个类型参数,表示当前所操作的持久化对象类型
     * Integer作为CrudRepository的第二个类型参数,用于指定ID类型
     * @author lhy
     * @date 2018.11.10
     */ 
    public interface UserDao extends JpaRepository<User, Integer> {
    
    	/**
         * 通过名字和地址查询学生信息
    	 * 此方法相当于JPQL语句代码:select s from Student s where s.name = ?1 and s.address=?2
    	 * @param name
    	 * @return 包含Student对象的List集合
    	 */
    	User findByUsername(String username);
    	
    	/**
    	 * 通过名字和地址查询学生信息
    	 * 此方法相当于JPQL语句代码:select s from Student s where s.name = ?1 and s.address=?2
    	 * @param name
    	 * @param sex
    	 * @return 包含Student对象的List集合
    	 */
    	List<User> findByUsernameAndSex(String username , String sex);
    	
    	/**
    	 * 通过学生姓名模糊查询学生信息 
    	 * 此方法相当于JPQL语句代码:select s from Student s where s.name like ?1
    	 * @param name
    	 * @return 包含Student对象的List集合
    	 */
    	List<User> findByUsernameLike(String username);    //注意定义的方法名称要和实体类的字段一致
    }

package com.weichai.CrudRepository.service;
    
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Optional;
    
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    import javax.transaction.Transactional;
    
    import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
    import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
    import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    
    import com.weichai.CrudRepository.dao.UserDao;
    import com.weichai.CrudRepository.entity.User;
    
    @Service
    public class UserService {
    
    	//注入UserDao
    	@Resource
    	private UserDao userDao;
    	
    	//1.CrudRepository接口测试
    	/**
    	 * save,update ,delete 方法需要绑定事务. 使用@Transactional进行事务的绑定.
    	 * 保存对象
    	 * @param user
    	 * @return 包含自动生成的id的User对象   
    	 */
    	@Transactional
    	public User save(User user){
    		return userDao.save(user);
    	}
    	
    	/**
    	 * 根据id删除对象
    	 * @param id
    	 */
    	@Transactional
    	public void delete(Integer id){
    		userDao.deleteById(id);
    	}
    	
    	/**
    	 * 查询所有数据
    	 * @return 返回所有User对象
    	 */
    	public Iterable<User> findAll() {
    		return userDao.findAll();
    	}
    	
    	/**
    	 * 根据id查询数据
    	 * @param id
    	 * @return 返回id对应的User对象
    	 */
    	public User findById(Integer id) {
    		// 根据id查询出对应的持久化对象
    		Optional<User> op = userDao.findById(id);
    		return op.get();
    	}
    	
    	@Transactional
    	public void update(User user) {
    		// 直接调用持久化对象的set方法修改对象的数据
    		//...直接在控制层修改即可
    	}
    	
    	//2.PagingAndSortingRepository接口测试
    	public Iterable<User> findAllSort(Sort sort){
    		return userDao.findAll(sort);
    	}
    	
    	public Page<User> findAll(Pageable page){
    		return userDao.findAll(page);
    	}
    	
    	//3.JpaRepository接口测试
    	@Transactional
    	public void SaveAll(List<User> users){
    		userDao.saveAll(users);
    	}
    	
    	public User getUserByName(String username){
    		return userDao.findByUsername(username);
    	}
    	
    	public List<User> getUserByNameAndSex(String username, String sex){
    		return userDao.findByUsernameAndSex(username, sex);
    	}
    	
    	public List<User> getUserByUsernameLike(String username){
    		return userDao.findByUsernameLike("%" + username + "%");
    	}
    }

package com.weichai.CrudRepository.controller;
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.List;
    
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    
    import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
    import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest;
    import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
    import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    import com.weichai.CrudRepository.entity.User;
    import com.weichai.CrudRepository.service.UserService;
    
    @RestController
    @RequestMapping("/user")
    public class UserController {
    
    	// 注入UserService
    	@Resource
    	private UserService userService;
    
    	@RequestMapping("/save")
    	public String save() {
    		User user = new User();
    		user.setLoginName("haige");
    		user.setUsername("海哥");
    		user.setSex('男');
    		user.setAge(20);
    		user = userService.save(user);
    		System.out.println("保存数据成功，返回的结果：" + user);
    		return "保存数据成功！";
    	}
    	
    	@RequestMapping("/update")
    	public String update() {
    		// 修改的对象必须是持久化对象，所以先从数据库查询出id为1的对象进行修改
    		User user = userService.findById(2);
    		user.setLoginName("yangxu");
    		user.setUsername("杨旭");
    		userService.update(user);
    		return "修改数据成功!";
    	}
    	
    	@RequestMapping("/delete")
    	public String delete() {
    		userService.delete(3);
    		return "删除数据成功！";
    	}
    	
    	@RequestMapping("/getAll")
    	public Iterable<User> getAll() {
    		return userService.findAll();
    	}
    	
    	/**
    	 * http://localhost:8080/user/findById/2  
    	 * @param id
    	 * @return
    	 */
    	@RequestMapping("/findById/{id}")
    	public User findById(@PathVariable String id) {
    		Integer ID = Integer.parseInt(id);
    		return userService.findById(ID);
    	}
    	
    	@RequestMapping("/sort")
    	public Iterable<User> sortArticle() {
    		// 指定排序参数对象：根据id，进行降序查询
    		Sort sort = new Sort(Sort.Direction.DESC, "id");
    		Iterable<User> userDatas = userService.findAllSort(sort);
    		return userDatas;
    	}
    	
    	/**
    	 * http://localhost:8080/user/pager?pageIndex=1  测试 链接样本
    	 * @param pageIndex
    	 * @return
    	 */
    	@RequestMapping("/pager")
    	public List<User> sortPagerArticle(Integer pageIndex) {
    		// 指定排序参数对象：根据id，进行降序查询
    		Sort sort = new Sort(Sort.Direction.DESC, "id");
    		/**
    		 * 封装分页实体 参数一：pageIndex表示当前查询的第几页(默认从0开始，0表示第一页)
    		 * 参数二：表示每页展示多少数据，现在设置每页展示2条数据 参数三：封装排序对象，根据该对象的参数指定根据id降序查询
    		 */
    		Pageable page = PageRequest.of(pageIndex - 1, 2, sort);
    		Page<User> userDatas = userService.findAll(page);
    		System.out.println("查询总页数:" + userDatas.getTotalPages());
    		System.out.println("查询总记录数:" + userDatas.getTotalElements());
    		System.out.println("查询当前第几页:" + userDatas.getNumber() + 1);
    		System.out.println("查询当前页面的记录数:" + userDatas.getNumberOfElements());
    		// 查询出的结果数据集合
    		List<User> userList = userDatas.getContent();
    		System.out.println("查询当前页面的集合:" + userList);
    		return userList;
    	}
    	
    	@RequestMapping("/JpaSave")
    	public String JpaSave() {
    		User Xm = new User();
    		Xm.setUsername("小明");
    		Xm.setLoginName("XiaoMing");
    		Xm.setSex('男');
    		Xm.setAge(22);
    		
    		User Xz = new User();
    		Xz.setUsername("小张");
    		Xz.setLoginName("XiaoZhang");
    		Xz.setSex('男');
    		Xz.setAge(20);
    		
    		User Xh = new User();
    		Xh.setUsername("小花");
    		Xh.setLoginName("Xiaohua");
    		Xh.setSex('女');
    		Xh.setAge(24);
    		
    		List<User> list = new ArrayList<User>();
    		list.add(Xm);
    		list.add(Xz);
    		list.add(Xh);
    		
    		userService.SaveAll(list);
    		return "保存用户对象成功";
    	}
    	
    	@RequestMapping("/getByName")
    	public User getByName(String username){
    		return userService.getUserByName(username);
    	}
    	
    	@RequestMapping("/nameAndSex")
    	public List<User> getByNameAndSex(String username,String sex){
    		return userService.getUserByNameAndSex(username, sex);
    	}
    	
    	@RequestMapping("/nameLike")
    	public List<User> getByNameLike(String username){
    		return userService.getUserByUsernameLike(username);
    	}
    }

## 项目接口启动类: ##

package com.weichai.CrudRepository;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    
    /**
     * @SpringBootApplication指定这是一个 spring boot的应用程序.
     */
    @SpringBootApplication
    public class App 
    {
        public static void main( String[] args )
        {
        	// SpringApplication 用于从main方法启动Spring应用的类。
            SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
        }
    }

## 打开浏览器,输入接口访问链接进行测试即可.如[http://localhost:8080/user/nameLike?username=%E5%B0%8F][http_localhost_8080_user_nameLike_username_E5_B0_8F] ##

[http_localhost_8080_user_nameLike_username_E5_B0_8F]: http://localhost:8080/user/nameLike?username=%E5%B0%8F