【Solr启动原理】

古城微笑少年丶 2022-04-17 01:12 204阅读 0赞

> Solr集群启动，都做了哪些事情？做了很多事，over。 启动流程大致如下：

## 1. 启动入口：web.xml。Solr归根结底是个Web服务，必须部署到jetty或者tomcat容器上。 ##

## 2. SolrRequestFilter过滤器的实现类是org.apache.solr.servlet.SolrDispatchFilter。 ##

<filter>
        <filter-name>SolrRequestFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.apache.solr.servlet.SolrDispatchFilter</filter-class>
        
        <init-param>
          <param-name>excludePatterns</param-name>
          <param-value>/css/.+,/js/.+,/img/.+,/tpl/.+</param-value>
        </init-param>
      </filter>
    
      <filter-mapping>
        
        <filter-name>SolrRequestFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
      </filter-mapping>

## 3. \[SolrDispatchFilter\] 既然是个Filter，就要实现init()，doFilter()和destroy()三个方法。 ##

package javax.servlet;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
    import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
    
    public interface Filter {
        void init(FilterConfig var1) throws ServletException;
    
        void doFilter(ServletRequest var1, ServletResponse var2, FilterChain var3) throws IOException, ServletException;
    
        void destroy();
    }

## 4. \[SolrDispatchFilter\] 在init()方法中，初始化cores，并开始加载这些cores。请注意，load()方法是最重要的加载Solr Core的方法。 ##

/**
       * Override this to change CoreContainer initialization
       * @return a CoreContainer to hold this server's cores
       */
      protected CoreContainer createCoreContainer(Path solrHome, Properties extraProperties) {
        NodeConfig nodeConfig = loadNodeConfig(solrHome, extraProperties); // 从ZK读取solr.xml配置文件到nodeConfig中
        cores = new CoreContainer(nodeConfig, extraProperties, true);
        cores.load();
        return cores;
      }

## 5. \[SolrDispatchFilter\] 实际项目可以在createCoreContainer方法尝试加载Cores之后，另外启动一个线程去recovery failed cores，来再一次尝试加载load失败的Solr cores。 ##

## 6. \[CoreContainer\] load()方法首先会通过initZooKeeper函数初始化ZK得到一个ZkController实例。 ##

## 7. \[CoreContainer\] coresLocator.discover(this)是去遍历Solr Home目录下有哪些cores需要去加载的。 ##

// 这里真正开始加载Solr Cores
        // setup executor to load cores in parallel
        ExecutorService coreLoadExecutor = ExecutorUtil.newMDCAwareFixedThreadPool(
            cfg.getCoreLoadThreadCount(isZooKeeperAware()),
            new DefaultSolrThreadFactory("coreLoadExecutor") );
        final List<Future<SolrCore>> futures = new ArrayList<>();
        try {
          // 遍历Solr Home，发现需要加载的cores
          List<CoreDescriptor> cds = coresLocator.discover(this);
          if (isZooKeeperAware()) {
            //sort the cores if it is in SolrCloud. In standalone node the order does not matter
            CoreSorter coreComparator = new CoreSorter().init(this);
            cds = new ArrayList<>(cds);//make a copy
            Collections.sort(cds, coreComparator::compare); // 对集合中的Core排序
          }
          checkForDuplicateCoreNames(cds);

> hdfs是个single shard single replica的索引，发现在日志中会打印：  
> 2018-12-10 09:52:16,581 | INFO | localhost-startStop-1 | Looking for core definitions underneath /srv/BigData/solr/solrserveradmin | org.apache.solr.core.CorePropertiesLocator.discover(CorePropertiesLocator.java:125)  
> 2018-12-10 09:52:16,610 | INFO | localhost-startStop-1 | Found 1 core definitions | org.apache.solr.core.CorePropertiesLocator.discover(CorePropertiesLocator.java:158)

> Solr实例中的状态如下：  
> host1:~ \# ll /srv/BigData/solr/solrserveradmin/hdfs\_shard1\_replica1/  
> total 4  
> \-rw------- 1 omm wheel 190 Dec 10 09:49 core.properties  
> host1:~ \# cat /srv/BigData/solr/solrserveradmin/hdfs\_shard1\_replica1/core.properties  
> \#Written by CorePropertiesLocator  
> \#Mon Dec 10 09:49:09 CST 2018  
> numShards=1  
> collection.configName=confWithHDFS  
> name=hdfs\_shard1\_replica1  
> shard=shard1  
> collection=hdfs  
> coreNodeName=core\_node1

## 8. \[CoreContainer\] 然后启动一个线程池去并行加载Cores（SolrCloud模式下是8个并发线程） ##

// 开始加载Cores咯！按顺序遍历所有找到的Cores
          for (final CoreDescriptor cd : cds) {
            if (cd.isTransient() || !cd.isLoadOnStartup()) {
              solrCores.putDynamicDescriptor(cd.getName(), cd);
            } else if (asyncSolrCoreLoad) {
              solrCores.markCoreAsLoading(cd);
            }
            if (cd.isLoadOnStartup()) {
              futures.add(coreLoadExecutor.submit(() -> {
                SolrCore core;
                try {
                  if (zkSys.getZkController() != null) {
                    zkSys.getZkController().throwErrorIfReplicaReplaced(cd);
                  }
                  
                  // 根据coreDe去创建core，false表示暂时不往ZK注册。下面会有更详细的解析。
                  core = create(cd, false);
                } finally {
                  if (asyncSolrCoreLoad) {
                    solrCores.markCoreAsNotLoading(cd);
                  }
                }
                try {
                  // 这边往ZK注册！！！真正往Cluster中加载shard，主要做如下三件事：
                  // 1. Shard leader选举
                  // 2. 复读TLog重放数据，恢复现场，保证数据一致性
                  // 3. 完成数据的恢复（leader数据会迁移到副本），这个恢复动作是后台运行的
                  zkSys.registerInZk(core, true);
                } catch (RuntimeException e) {
                  SolrException.log(log, "Error registering SolrCore", e);
                }
                return core;
              }));
            }
          }
          // 结束加载Core咯！
    
          // Start the background thread
          backgroundCloser = new CloserThread(this, solrCores, cfg);
          backgroundCloser.start();
    
        } finally {
          if (asyncSolrCoreLoad && futures != null) {
    
            coreContainerWorkExecutor.submit((Runnable) () -> {
              try {
                for (Future<SolrCore> future : futures) {
                  try {
                    future.get();
                  } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
                  } catch (ExecutionException e) {
                    log.error("Error waiting for SolrCore to be created", e);
                  }
                }
              } finally {
                ExecutorUtil.shutdownAndAwaitTermination(coreLoadExecutor);
              }
            });
          } else {
            ExecutorUtil.shutdownAndAwaitTermination(coreLoadExecutor);
          }
        }
    
        if (isZooKeeperAware()) {
          zkSys.getZkController().checkOverseerDesignate();
        }

## 9. \[CoreContainer\] 下面详细对create方法和registerInZk方法做一个介绍。 ##

先来看看create方法。  
方法注解写着Creates a new core based on a CoreDescriptor，简洁明了。

1.  create里面的preRegister方法首先会将该core的状态设置为DOWN状态
2.  因为传入的publishState是false，则该core暂时不会去往ZK注册（往ZK注册会涉及到Shard Leader选举）

/**
       * Creates a new core based on a CoreDescriptor.
       *
       * @param dcore        a core descriptor
       * @param publishState publish core state to the cluster if true
       *
       * @return the newly created core
       */
      private SolrCore create(CoreDescriptor dcore, boolean publishState) {
    
        if (isShutDown) {
          throw new SolrException(ErrorCode.SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE, "Solr has been shutdown.");
        }
    
        SolrCore core = null;
        try {
          MDCLoggingContext.setCore(core);
          SolrIdentifierValidator.validateCoreName(dcore.getName());
          if (zkSys.getZkController() != null) {
            // 1. 向ZK的overseerJobQueue队列/overseer/queue发布该core的信息包括DOWN状态；
            // 2. 通知zkStateReader要watch该core所在collection的state.json的监控
            zkSys.getZkController().preRegister(dcore);
          }
    
          ConfigSet coreConfig = coreConfigService.getConfig(dcore);
          log.info("Creating SolrCore '{}' using configuration from {}", dcore.getName(), coreConfig.getName());
          core = new SolrCore(dcore, coreConfig);
          MDCLoggingContext.setCore(core);
          
          // always kick off recovery if we are in non-Cloud mode
          if (!isZooKeeperAware() && core.getUpdateHandler().getUpdateLog() != null) {
            core.getUpdateHandler().getUpdateLog().recoverFromLog();
          }
    
          // 注意create方法传入的参数是false，因此不会在下面的方法中去调用zkSys.registerInZk()往ZK注册。
          registerCore(dcore.getName(), core, publishState);
    
          return core;
        } catch (Exception e) {
          coreInitFailures.put(dcore.getName(), new CoreLoadFailure(dcore, e));
          log.error("Error creating core [{}]: {}", dcore.getName(), e.getMessage(), e);
          final SolrException solrException = new SolrException(ErrorCode.SERVER_ERROR, "Unable to create core [" + dcore.getName() + "]", e);
          if(core != null && !core.isClosed())
            IOUtils.closeQuietly(core);
          throw solrException;
        } catch (Throwable t) {
          SolrException e = new SolrException(ErrorCode.SERVER_ERROR, "JVM Error creating core [" + dcore.getName() + "]: " + t.getMessage(), t);
          log.error("Error creating core [{}]: {}", dcore.getName(), t.getMessage(), t);
          coreInitFailures.put(dcore.getName(), new CoreLoadFailure(dcore, e));
          if(core != null && !core.isClosed())
            IOUtils.closeQuietly(core);
          throw t;
        } finally {
          MDCLoggingContext.clear();
        }
    
      }

## 10. \[CoreContainer->ZkContainer->ZkController\] registerInZk方法，会调用zkController.register(core.getName(), core.getCoreDescriptor())会在后台新启一个线程去执行，不影响Solr启动。 ##

> 具体主要做了如下三件事。具体主要做了如下三件事。
> 
> 1.  进行Shard Leader选举！！！最近刚看过选举机制，很简单，mzxid最小的就是leader。
> 2.  接下来，会从ULog重放数据，恢复现场
> 3.  判断是否需要恢复数据

/**
     4. Register shard with ZooKeeper.
     5.  6. @return the shardId for the SolrCore
       */
      public String register(String coreName, final CoreDescriptor desc) throws Exception {
        return register(coreName, desc, false, false);
      }
    
    
      /**
     6. Register shard with ZooKeeper.
     7.  9. @return the shardId for the SolrCore
       */
      public String register(String coreName, final CoreDescriptor desc, boolean recoverReloadedCores, boolean afterExpiration) throws Exception {
        try (SolrCore core = cc.getCore(desc.getName())) {
          MDCLoggingContext.setCore(core);
        }
        try {
          // pre register has published our down state
          final String baseUrl = getBaseUrl();
          
          final CloudDescriptor cloudDesc = desc.getCloudDescriptor();
          final String collection = cloudDesc.getCollectionName();
          
          final String coreZkNodeName = desc.getCloudDescriptor().getCoreNodeName();
          assert coreZkNodeName != null : "we should have a coreNodeName by now";
          
          String shardId = cloudDesc.getShardId();
          Map<String,Object> props = new HashMap<>();
          // we only put a subset of props into the leader node
          props.put(ZkStateReader.BASE_URL_PROP, baseUrl);
          props.put(ZkStateReader.CORE_NAME_PROP, coreName);
          props.put(ZkStateReader.NODE_NAME_PROP, getNodeName());
          
          if (log.isInfoEnabled()) {
            log.info("Register replica - core:" + coreName + " address:" + baseUrl + " collection:"
                + cloudDesc.getCollectionName() + " shard:" + shardId);
          }
          
          ZkNodeProps leaderProps = new ZkNodeProps(props);
          
          // 1. 进行Shard Leader选举！！！最近刚看过选举机制，很简单，mzxid最小的就是leader。
          try {
            // If we're a preferred leader, insert ourselves at the head of the queue
            boolean joinAtHead = false;
            Replica replica = zkStateReader.getClusterState().getReplica(desc.getCloudDescriptor().getCollectionName(),
                coreZkNodeName);
            if (replica != null) {
              joinAtHead = replica.getBool(SliceMutator.PREFERRED_LEADER_PROP, false);
            }
            joinElection(desc, afterExpiration, joinAtHead);
          } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            // Restore the interrupted status
            Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
            throw new ZooKeeperException(SolrException.ErrorCode.SERVER_ERROR, "", e);
          } catch (KeeperException | IOException e) {
            throw new ZooKeeperException(SolrException.ErrorCode.SERVER_ERROR, "", e);
          }
          
          // in this case, we want to wait for the leader as long as the leader might
          // wait for a vote, at least - but also long enough that a large cluster has
          // time to get its act together
          
          String leaderUrl = getLeader(cloudDesc, leaderVoteWait + 600000);
          
          String ourUrl = ZkCoreNodeProps.getCoreUrl(baseUrl, coreName);
          log.info("We are " + ourUrl + " and leader is " + leaderUrl);
          boolean isLeader = leaderUrl.equals(ourUrl);
          
          
          try (SolrCore core = cc.getCore(desc.getName())) {
            CoreDescriptor cd = core.getCoreDescriptor();
            if (SharedFsReplicationUtil.isZkAwareAndSharedFsReplication(cd) && !isLeader) {
              // with shared fs replication we don't init the update log until now because we need to make it read only
              // if we don't become the leader
              DelayedInitSolrCore.initIndexReaderFactory(core);
              core.getUpdateHandler().setupUlog(core, null);
              core.getSearcher(false, false, null, true);
    
              // the leader does this in ShardLeaderElectionContext#runLeaderProcess
            }
    
            // 2. 接下来，会从TLog重放数据，恢复现场
            // recover from local transaction log and wait for it to complete before
            // going active
            // TODO: should this be moved to another thread? To recoveryStrat?
            // TODO: should this actually be done earlier, before (or as part of)
            // leader election perhaps?
            
            UpdateLog ulog = core.getUpdateHandler().getUpdateLog();
            
            // we will call register again after zk expiration and on reload 
            if (!afterExpiration && !core.isReloaded() && ulog != null && !SharedFsReplicationUtil.isZkAwareAndSharedFsReplication(cd)) {
              // disable recovery in case shard is in construction state (for shard splits)
              Slice slice = getClusterState().getSlice(collection, shardId);
              if (slice.getState() != Slice.State.CONSTRUCTION || !isLeader) {
                Future<UpdateLog.RecoveryInfo> recoveryFuture = core.getUpdateHandler().getUpdateLog().recoverFromLog();
                if (recoveryFuture != null) {
                  log.info("Replaying tlog for " + ourUrl + " during startup... NOTE: This can take a while.");
                  recoveryFuture.get(); // NOTE: this could potentially block for
                  // minutes or more!
                  // TODO: public as recovering in the mean time?
                  // TODO: in the future we could do peersync in parallel with recoverFromLog
                } else {
                  log.info("No LogReplay needed for core=" + core.getName() + " baseURL=" + baseUrl);
                }
              }
            }
            // 3. 是否需要恢复数据
            // a. 如果是leader，则不需要recovery，直接将Replica状态发布为Replica.State.ACTIVE；
            // b. 如果不是leader，则判断是否需要recovery。若需要recover，新启一个线程去从leader恢复数据到同一个数据版本，此时Replica状态变成了Replica.State.RECOVERING状态。
            // c. 在recover完成之后，再将Replica状态发布为Replica.State.ACTIVE状态。
            boolean didRecovery = checkRecovery(coreName, desc, recoverReloadedCores, isLeader, cloudDesc, collection,
                coreZkNodeName, shardId, leaderProps, core, cc, afterExpiration);
            if (!didRecovery) {
              // 将replica的状态变成ACTIVE
              publish(desc, Replica.State.ACTIVE);
            }
            
            core.getCoreDescriptor().getCloudDescriptor().setHasRegistered(true);
          }
          
          // make sure we have an update cluster state right away
          zkStateReader.forceUpdateCollection(collection);
          return shardId;
        } finally {
          MDCLoggingContext.clear();
        }
      }

## 11. \[ZkController\] 检查是否需要recovery过程 ##

/**
       * Returns whether or not a recovery was started
       */
      private boolean checkRecovery(String coreName, final CoreDescriptor desc,
                                    boolean recoverReloadedCores, final boolean isLeader,
                                    final CloudDescriptor cloudDesc, final String collection,
                                    final String shardZkNodeName, String shardId, ZkNodeProps leaderProps,
                                    SolrCore core, CoreContainer cc, boolean afterExpiration) {
        if (SKIP_AUTO_RECOVERY) {
          log.warn("Skipping recovery according to sys prop solrcloud.skip.autorecovery");
          return false;
        }
        boolean doRecovery = true;
        
        // leaders don't recover, shared fs replication replicas don't recover 
        CoreDescriptor cd = core.getCoreDescriptor();
        if (!isLeader && !SharedFsReplicationUtil.isZkAwareAndSharedFsReplication(cd)) {
          log.info("I am not the leader");
          if (!afterExpiration && core.isReloaded() && !recoverReloadedCores) {
            doRecovery = false;
          }
    
          if (doRecovery) {
            log.info("Core needs to recover:" + core.getName());
            // 这里会新启一个异步线程去recover，不会阻塞主线程。
            core.getUpdateHandler().getSolrCoreState().doRecovery(cc, core.getCoreDescriptor());        
            return true;
          }
    
          // see if the leader told us to recover
          final Replica.State lirState = getLeaderInitiatedRecoveryState(collection, shardId,
              core.getCoreDescriptor().getCloudDescriptor().getCoreNodeName());
          if (lirState == Replica.State.DOWN) {
            log.info("Leader marked core " + core.getName() + " down; starting recovery process");
            core.getUpdateHandler().getSolrCoreState().doRecovery(cc, core.getCoreDescriptor());
            return true;
          }
        } else {
          log.info("I am the leader, no recovery necessary");
        }
    
        return false;
      }

## 12. \[RecoveryStrategy\] 启动recovery线程。在recovery完成之后，再将Replica状态发布为Replica.State.ACTIVE状态。 ##

@Override
      public void run() {
    
        // set request info for logging
        try (SolrCore core = cc.getCore(coreName)) {
    
          if (core == null) {
            SolrException.log(LOG, "SolrCore not found - cannot recover:" + coreName);
            return;
          }
          MDCLoggingContext.setCore(core);
    
          LOG.info("Starting recovery process. recoveringAfterStartup=" + recoveringAfterStartup);
    
          try {
            // ！！！这边开始去做Recovery！！！
            doRecovery(core);
          } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
            SolrException.log(LOG, "", e);
            throw new ZooKeeperException(SolrException.ErrorCode.SERVER_ERROR, "", e);
          } catch (Exception e) {
            LOG.error("", e);
            throw new ZooKeeperException(SolrException.ErrorCode.SERVER_ERROR, "", e);
          }
        } finally {
          MDCLoggingContext.clear();
        }
      }

## 13. \[RecoveryStrategy\] Recovery流程介绍。 ##

> Recovery分为PeerSync和Replication两种方式。Recovery流程先尝试做PeerSync Recovery，失败的话再尝试Replication Recovery。
> 
>  *  PeerSync：如果中断的时间较短，recovering node只是丢失少量update请求，那么它可以从leader的update log中获取。这个临界值是100个update请求，如果大于100，就会从leader进行完整的索引快照恢复。  
>     ![PeerSync Recovery][]
>  *  Replication：如果节点下线太久以至于不能从leader那进行同步，或者如果PeerSync失败（参考[这里][Link 1]），它就会使用Solr的基于http进行索引的快照恢复。  
>     ![Replication Recovery][]

## Reference ##

[https://blog.csdn.net/weixin\_42257250/article/details/89512282][Link 1]  
[https://www.cnblogs.com/rcfeng/p/4145349.html][https_www.cnblogs.com_rcfeng_p_4145349.html]

[PeerSync Recovery]: /images/20220417/7818cf6a6cf04b40be5f1f25baab1591.png
[Link 1]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42257250/article/details/89512282
[Replication Recovery]: /images/20220417/3b1c0093518b495389b4da8adcaaf481.png
[https_www.cnblogs.com_rcfeng_p_4145349.html]: https://www.cnblogs.com/rcfeng/p/4145349.html