opencv模板匹配

Love The Way You Lie 2022-04-16 06:59 161阅读 0赞

模板匹配：
    模板匹配实际上就是模板图在源图中的平移，所以只能匹配到一模一样（形态和方向都一致）的局部图像

demo1：

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
    #include <opencv2/highgui.hpp>
    #include <opencv2/imgproc.hpp>
    using namespace cv;
    int main()
    {
        //加载源图像和模板图像
        cv::Mat image_source = cv::imread("1.bmp", cv::IMREAD_GRAYSCALE);
        cv::Mat image_template = cv::imread("7.png", cv::IMREAD_GRAYSCALE);
        //cv::Mat image_source = cv::imread("lena.jpg", cv::IMREAD_GRAYSCALE);
        //cv::Mat image_template = cv::imread("template.jpg", cv::IMREAD_GRAYSCALE);
    
        cv::Mat image_matched;
    
        //模板匹配方法
        cv::matchTemplate(image_source, image_template, image_matched, cv::TM_CCOEFF_NORMED);//归一化的平方差
        //cv::matchTemplate(image_source, image_template, image_matched, cv::TM_SQDIFF);//平方差
        //cv::matchTemplate(image_source, image_template, image_matched, cv::TM_CCORR);  //相关性匹配
        //cv::matchTemplate(image_source, image_template, image_matched, cv::TM_CCORR_NORMED);//归一化的相关性匹配
        //cv::matchTemplate(image_source, image_template, image_matched, cv::TM_CCOEFF);//相关性系数匹配
        //cv::matchTemplate(image_source, image_template, image_matched, cv::TM_CCOEFF_NORMED);//归一化的相关性系数匹配
    
        double minVal, maxVal;
        cv::Point minLoc, maxLoc;
        //寻找最佳匹配位置 //参数：单通道阵列、最小值的指针、最大值的指针、最小位置的指针、最大位置的指针
        cv::minMaxLoc(image_matched, &minVal, &maxVal, &minLoc, &maxLoc);
    
        cv::Mat image_color;
        cv::cvtColor(image_source, image_color, CV_GRAY2BGR);
        //circle()参数：图像（单通道或多通道）
        cv::circle(image_color,  //将匹配到的用圆圈绘制出
                   cv::Point(maxLoc.x + image_template.cols/2, maxLoc.y + image_template.rows/2),  //圆心坐标
                   100,  //圆半径
                   cv::Scalar(0, 0, 255), //圆的颜色
                   2,  //线条粗细
                   8,
                   0);
        namedWindow("source image",CV_WINDOW_NORMAL);   //可调节窗口大小
        namedWindow("match result",CV_WINDOW_NORMAL);   //可调节窗口大小
        namedWindow("target",CV_WINDOW_NORMAL);   //可调节窗口大小
        cv::imshow("source image", image_source);
        cv::imshow("match result", image_matched);
        cv::imshow("target", image_color);
        cv::waitKey(0);
    
        return 0;
    }

demo2：

#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
    #include<iostream>
    #include<string>
    
    
    using namespace cv;
    using namespace std;
    
    int max_track = 5;
    int match_method = CV_TM_SQDIFF;
    String Source_path = "1.bmp";
    String Temp_path = "3.png";
    String src_window = "Source Window";
    String temp_window = "Temp Window";
    String Output_window = "Output Window";
    
    Mat src, temp;
    void Match_Demo(int, void*);
    
    int main()
    {
        src = imread(Source_path, IMREAD_COLOR);
        temp = imread(Temp_path, IMREAD_COLOR);
        if (!src.data || !temp.data)
        {
            printf("Could not load the src image or temp image...");
            return false;
        }
        //namedWindow(src_window, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
        //imshow(src_window, src);
        namedWindow(temp_window, CV_WINDOW_NORMAL);
        imshow(temp_window, temp);
    
        const char* trackbar_title = "Match Algo Type";
        namedWindow(Output_window, CV_WINDOW_NORMAL);
        createTrackbar(trackbar_title, Output_window, &match_method, max_track, Match_Demo);//创建滑动条并进行初始化
        Match_Demo(0, 0);  //参数为0，表示进行一次初始化
    
        waitKey(0);
        return 0;
    }
    
    void Match_Demo(int, void*)  //响应滑动条的回调函数
    {
        int height = src.rows - temp.rows + 1;
        int width = src.cols - temp.cols + 1;
        Mat result(width, height, CV_32FC1);
    
        matchTemplate(src, temp, result, match_method, Mat());//匹配
        normalize(result, result, 0, 1, NORM_MINMAX, -1, Mat());//标准化
    
        Point minLoc;
        Point maxLoc;
        double min, max;
    
        Mat dst;
        src.copyTo(dst);
        Point tempLoc;
        minMaxLoc(result, &min, &max, &minLoc, &maxLoc,Mat()); //通过函数minMaxLoc定位最匹配的位置
        if (match_method== CV_TM_SQDIFF||match_method==CV_TM_SQDIFF_NORMED) //越小的数值有着更高的匹配结果
        {
            tempLoc = minLoc;
        }
        else  //其余方法，数值越大匹配效果越好
        {
            tempLoc = maxLoc;
        }
    
        rectangle(dst, Rect(tempLoc.x, tempLoc.y, temp.cols, temp.rows),Scalar(0,0,255),2,8,0);//绘制出矩形，并显示最终结果
        rectangle(result, Rect(tempLoc.x, tempLoc.y, temp.cols, temp.rows), Scalar(0, 0, 255), 2, 8, 0);
    
        namedWindow("Output window2", CV_WINDOW_NORMAL);
        imshow("Output window2", dst);
        namedWindow(Output_window, CV_WINDOW_NORMAL);
        imshow(Output_window, result);
        return;
    }