.NET Web API 搭建Swagger

雨点打透心脏的1/2处 2022-04-15 02:56 438阅读 0赞

### 一、创建Net Web API项目 ###

1.新建web应用程序

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NpbmF0XzE2OTk4OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

2.选择空模板，并且勾选web api

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NpbmF0XzE2OTk4OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

3.生成web api项目后，添加controller文件

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NpbmF0XzE2OTk4OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NpbmF0XzE2OTk4OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

4.自动回生成content、views等文件夹及文件

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NpbmF0XzE2OTk4OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

5.可直接运行，程序异常

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NpbmF0XzE2OTk4OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

6.Global.asax 添加配置

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NpbmF0XzE2OTk4OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

代码如下：

protected void Application_Start()
    {
        //注册ASP.NET MVC应用程序中的所有区域。
        AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();
    
        //配置WebApi
        GlobalConfiguration.Configure(WebApiConfig.Register);
    
        //注册过滤器
        FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);
    
        //注册路由配置
        RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
    }

7.修改路由配置，制定默认controller、action

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NpbmF0XzE2OTk4OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

代码如下：

public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes)
    {
        routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}");
    
        routes.MapRoute(
            name: "Default",
            url: "{controller}/{action}/{id}",
            defaults: new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }
            //defaults: new { action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }
        );
    }

8.生成默认view

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NpbmF0XzE2OTk4OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

9.重新编译，运行程序。成功显示home的index页面

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NpbmF0XzE2OTk4OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]

### **二、引入Swagger** ###

1.打开NuGet程序包

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NpbmF0XzE2OTk4OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10][]

2.“浏览”页签下，搜索swagger, 找到swashbuckle,右侧选择webapi项目，进行安装。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NpbmF0XzE2OTk4OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11][]

3.找到swagger.net.ui,右侧选择webapi项目，进行安装。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NpbmF0XzE2OTk4OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12][]

4.安装完成后，生成相关配置文件，可直接关闭掉nuget,

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NpbmF0XzE2OTk4OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13][]

### **三、配置Swagger** ###

1.修改默认页（前面步骤中生成的HomeController的index页面仅仅是测试用，到此步骤也可以删除掉）

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NpbmF0XzE2OTk4OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14][]

代码如下：

public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        // GET: Home
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            //return View();
            return Redirect("~/swagger/ui/index"); 
        }
    }

2.运行程序，出现报错，因为还缺少配置

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NpbmF0XzE2OTk4OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15][]

3.打开应用程序属性

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NpbmF0XzE2OTk4OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 16][]

选择“生成”，勾选xml文档，这个xml里面会自动配置swagger

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NpbmF0XzE2OTk4OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 17][]

4.打开SwaggerNet.cs,屏蔽如下两行代码。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NpbmF0XzE2OTk4OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 18][]

5.重新运行，看到下面页面则代表swagger配置成功。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NpbmF0XzE2OTk4OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 19][]

### **四、编写接口及调试** ###

1.新建测试model

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NpbmF0XzE2OTk4OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 20][]

代码如下：

namespace WebApi.Models
    {
        public class UserInfo
        {
            public int UserId { get; set; }
            public string UserName { get; set; }
        }
    
        ///
        public class UserInfoRestule : UserInfo
        {
            public int Age { get; set; }
            public string Email { get; set; }
        }
    }

2.新建一个测试controller

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NpbmF0XzE2OTk4OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 21][]

代码如下：

namespace WebApi.Controllers
    {
        public class TestAPIController : ApiController
        {
            [HttpPost]
            public IHttpActionResult SetUserInfo(UserInfo dto)
            {
                UserInfoRestule info = new UserInfoRestule();
                info.UserId = dto.UserId;
                info.UserName = dto.UserName;
                info.Age = 18;
                info.Email = "xxxxx@xx.com";
                return Json<UserInfoRestule>(info);
            }
        }
    }

3.重新运行，看到新建的接口。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NpbmF0XzE2OTk4OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 22][]

4.点击“TestAPI”,再点击“api/TestAPI”可打开接口详细内容。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NpbmF0XzE2OTk4OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 23][]

5.接口测试。得到后台返回响应，则接口陈宫

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NpbmF0XzE2OTk4OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 24][]

### 五、注意说明 ###

接口地址为[http://localhost:64530][http_localhost_64530]/api/TestAPI

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NpbmF0XzE2OTk4OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 25][]

可利用Postman做测试

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3NpbmF0XzE2OTk4OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 26][]

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[http_localhost_64530]: http://localhost:64530
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