linux中bash配置文件的读取执行顺序

男娘i 2022-04-13 05:36 140阅读 0赞

> 全文摘自`man bash`中对执行流程的注释，并在其中加入自己的理解

## 登录shell与交互shell ##

A **login shell** is one whose first character of argument zero is a -, or one started with the --login option.  
通俗点说就是：是不是用来登录用的。

An **interactive shell** is one started without non-option arguments (unless -s is specified) and without the -c option **whose standard input and error are both connected to terminals** (as determined by isatty(3)), or one started with the -i option. PS1 is set and $- includes i if bash is interactive, allowing a shell script or a startup file to test this state.  
通俗点说就是：是不是用来交互的，即是不是你给个输入，它给个输出

## 读取配置流程 ##

### 黑窗口登录或图形界面登录 ###

When bash is invoked as **an interactive login shell**, or as **a non-interactive shell with the --login option**, it first reads and executes commands from the file `/etc/profile`, if that file exists. After reading that file, it looks for `~/.bash_profile`, `~/.bash_login`, and `~/.profile`, in that order, and reads and executes commands from the first one that exists and is readable. The `--noprofile` option may be used when the shell is started to inhibit this behavior.

### 用户登出 ###

When an interactive login shell exits, or a non-interactive login shell executes the `exit` builtin command, bash reads and executes commands from the file `~/.bash_logout`, if it exists.

### 登录后开启一个terminal ###

When **an interactive shell that is not a login shell** is started, bash reads and executes commands from `/etc/bash.bashrc` and `~/.bashrc`, if these files exist. This may be inhibited by using the `--norcoption`. The `--rcfile` file option will force bash to read and execute commands from file instead of `/etc/bash.bashrc` and `~/.bashrc`.

## 关于zsh ##

感觉与bash类似

## 来源 ##

暂时找不到linux下的截图了，可喜的是他们内容一样。  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2FzYWhpbm9rYXdh_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

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