git rebase 与提交纪录重写

妖狐艹你老母 2022-04-13 03:40 755阅读 0赞

### 前言 ###

> 千万不要在主分支和远端分支有提交纪录的时候使用git rebase命令。

前段时间有这样一个需求，在不改变大体上git提交树的基础上，修改某个git提交节点的提交内容。查询到发现`git rebase`命令。

主要用处:

*  更改历史节点；
 *  更改历史提交纪录，合并本地未提交的提交纪录；

--------------------

### 操作命令 ###

*  确保当前节点头在本地某个节点，并且没有任何提交纪录。
 *  通过`git rebase -i <节点id>`

localhost:bigdata Sean$ git rebase -i 634615a
    
    pick 7fa0c23 Update the struct of the project zk-demo.
    pick 5d224e6 ZK Demos 2: subscribe.
    pick f594ca8 The lock demo of zk.
    pick 876f182 Distribute service of zk.
    pick 449057a Half of the code of the zk demo balance .
    pick 5b98df9 The demo of the zk demos - balance.
    pick adfe4c3 The queue demo of zk.
    pick 1a97825 Kafka consumer & provider demo.
    pick 8e37f6a Spark Streaming & Mongodb Init.
    pick 29b9241 Update last commit.
    pick f370aa9 Update the kafka security button on.
    
    # Rebase 634615a..f370aa9 onto 634615a (11 commands)
    #
    # Commands:
    # p, pick = use commit
    # r, reword = use commit, but edit the commit message
    # e, edit = use commit, but stop for amending
    # s, squash = use commit, but meld into previous commit
    # f, fixup = like "squash", but discard this commit's log message
    # x, exec = run command (the rest of the line) using shell
    # d, drop = remove commit
    #
    "~/Documents/Gitrep/bigdata/.git/rebase-merge/git-rebase-todo" 30L, 1116C

> pick：保留该commit（缩写:p）  
> reword：保留该commit，但我需要修改该commit的注释（缩写:r）  
> edit：保留该commit, 但我要停下来修改该提交(不仅仅修改注释)（缩写:e）  
> squash：将该commit和前一个commit合并（缩写:s）  
> fixup：将该commit和前一个commit合并，但我不要保留该提交的注释信息（缩写:f）  
> exec：执行shell命令（缩写:x）  
> drop：我要丢弃该commit（缩写:d）

*  根据本地修改`git add filename(修改/新建)`/`git rm filename(删除)`，随后进行保存。其中`edit`会将修改定位到某个需要修改的节点位置。
 *  成功保存。`Successfully rebased and updated refs/heads/master.`

--------------------

### 操作记录 ###

localhost:bigdata Sean$ git rebase -i d70e471
    Successfully rebased and updated refs/heads/master.
    localhost:bigdata Sean$ git rebase -i bdb4997
    Successfully rebased and updated refs/heads/master.
    localhost:bigdata Sean$ git rebase -i e113b0a
    Could not execute editor
    localhost:bigdata Sean$ git rebase -i e113b0a
    Stopped at bdb4997... The action to simulate the vote for leader.
    You can amend the commit now, with
    
    	git commit --amend
    
    Once you are satisfied with your changes, run
    
    	git rebase --continue
    
    localhost:bigdata Sean$ git rebase --continue
    Successfully rebased and updated refs/heads/master.
    localhost:bigdata Sean$ git rebase -i e113b0a
    Stopped at deffb2a... Update for stress test for flume-kafka-consmer. Function: Get the data from kafka & data logic handle.
    You can amend the commit now, with
    
    	git commit --amend
    
    Once you are satisfied with your changes, run
    
    	git rebase --continue
    
    pick bdb4997 The action to simulate the vote for leader.
    localhost:bigdata Sean$ git commit --amend
    [detached HEAD 5ab265a] Update for stress test for flume-kafka-consmer. Function: Get the data from kafka & data logic handle.
     Date: Mon Jun 25 18:29:37 2018 +0800
     8 files changed, 262 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
     create mode 100644 kafka/src/main/java/com/yanxml/kafka/stresstest/Main.java
     create mode 100644 kafka/src/main/java/com/yanxml/kafka/stresstest/config/DBConfig.java
     create mode 100644 kafka/src/main/java/com/yanxml/kafka/stresstest/config/StressEnvConfig.java
     create mode 100644 kafka/src/main/java/com/yanxml/kafka/stresstest/consumer/KafkaStressConsumer.java
     create mode 100644 kafka/src/main/java/com/yanxml/kafka/stresstest/dao/DataHandleDao.java
     create mode 100644 kafka/src/main/java/com/yanxml/kafka/stresstest/util/RegexUtil.java
    localhost:bigdata Sean$ ls
    README.md	apps		kafka		mongodb		pom.xml		redis		spark		spark-redis	spark-streaming	word2vec	zookeeper
    localhost:bigdata Sean$ git add kafka/src/main/java/com/yanxml/kafka/stresstest/consumer/KafkaStressConsumer.java
    localhost:bigdata Sean$ git commit --amend
    [detached HEAD 46ec8f6] Update for stress test for flume-kafka-consmer. Function: Get the data from kafka & data logic handle.
     Date: Mon Jun 25 18:29:37 2018 +0800
     8 files changed, 262 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
     create mode 100644 kafka/src/main/java/com/yanxml/kafka/stresstest/Main.java
     create mode 100644 kafka/src/main/java/com/yanxml/kafka/stresstest/config/DBConfig.java
     create mode 100644 kafka/src/main/java/com/yanxml/kafka/stresstest/config/StressEnvConfig.java
     create mode 100644 kafka/src/main/java/com/yanxml/kafka/stresstest/consumer/KafkaStressConsumer.java
     create mode 100644 kafka/src/main/java/com/yanxml/kafka/stresstest/dao/DataHandleDao.java
     create mode 100644 kafka/src/main/java/com/yanxml/kafka/stresstest/util/RegexUtil.java
    localhost:bigdata Sean$ git rebase --continue
    error: could not apply d70e471... Stress count demo of kafka.
    
    When you have resolved this problem, run "git rebase --continue".
    pick bdb4997 The action to simulate the vote for leader.
    If you prefer to skip this patch, run "git rebase --skip" instead.
    To check out the original branch and stop rebasing, run "git rebase --abort".
    Could not apply d70e4718dbe1b4d6a1b1592b26fda3f38b6cbf24... Stress count demo of kafka.
    localhost:bigdata Sean$ git rebase --continue
    kafka/src/main/java/com/yanxml/kafka/stresstest/consumer/KafkaStressConsumer.java: needs merge
    You must edit all merge conflicts and then
    mark them as resolved using git add
    localhost:bigdata Sean$ git rebase --continue
    kafka/src/main/java/com/yanxml/kafka/stresstest/consumer/KafkaStressConsumer.java: needs merge
    You must edit all merge conflicts and then
    mark them as resolved using git add
    localhost:bigdata Sean$ git rebase --continue
    [detached HEAD 7aacbb3] Stress count demo of kafka.
     6 files changed, 32 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
     create mode 100644 kafka/src/main/java/com/yanxml/kafka/stresstest/Test.java
    Successfully rebased and updated refs/heads/master.
    localhost:bigdata Sean$ git rebase -i e113b0a
    Stopped at 46ec8f6... Update for stress test for flume-kafka-consmer. Function: Get the data from kafka & data logic handle.
    You can amend the commit now, with
    
    	git commit --amend
    
    Once you are satisfied with your changes, run
    
    	git rebase --continue
    
    localhost:bigdata Sean$ git add kafka/src/main/java/com/yanxml/kafka/stresstest/consumer/dao/DataHandleDao.java
    fatal: pathspec 'kafka/src/main/java/com/yanxml/kafka/stresstest/consumer/dao/DataHandleDao.java' did not match any files
    localhost:bigdata Sean$ git add kafka/src/main/java/com/yanxml/kafka/stresstest/dao/DataHandleDao.java
    localhost:bigdata Sean$ git commit --amend
    [detached HEAD ed2ffda] Update for stress test for flume-kafka-consmer. Function: Get the data from kafka & data logic handle.
     Date: Mon Jun 25 18:29:37 2018 +0800
     8 files changed, 262 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
     create mode 100644 kafka/src/main/java/com/yanxml/kafka/stresstest/Main.java
     create mode 100644 kafka/src/main/java/com/yanxml/kafka/stresstest/config/DBConfig.java
     create mode 100644 kafka/src/main/java/com/yanxml/kafka/stresstest/config/StressEnvConfig.java
     create mode 100644 kafka/src/main/java/com/yanxml/kafka/stresstest/consumer/KafkaStressConsumer.java
    pick bdb4997 The action to simulate the vote for leader.
     create mode 100644 kafka/src/main/java/com/yanxml/kafka/stresstest/dao/DataHandleDao.java
     create mode 100644 kafka/src/main/java/com/yanxml/kafka/stresstest/util/RegexUtil.java
    pick bdb4997 The action to simulate the vote for leader.
    localhost:bigdata Sean$ git rebase --continue
    Successfully rebased and updated refs/heads/master.
    localhost:bigdata Sean$ git rebase -i e113b0a
    Could not execute editor
    localhost:bigdata Sean$ git rebase -i e113b0a
    Stopped at f3b3b0f... The deploy of redis.
    You can amend the commit now, with
    
    	git commit --amend
    
    Once you are satisfied with your changes, run
    
    	git rebase --continue
    
    localhost:bigdata Sean$ git commit --amend
    [detached HEAD b8b5ace] The deploy of redis.
     Date: Wed Jul 18 14:23:00 2018 +0800
     9 files changed, 2056 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
     create mode 100644 redis/deploy/cluster/7000/redis.conf
     create mode 100644 redis/deploy/cluster/ruby lib/Makefile
     create mode 100644 redis/deploy/cluster/ruby lib/zlib-devel-1.2.7-17.el7.x86_64.rpm
     create mode 100644 redis/deploy/cluster/script/start-all.sh
     create mode 100644 redis/deploy/official/redis-common.conf
     create mode 100644 redis/deploy/official/redis.conf
     create mode 100644 redis/deploy/sentinel/sentinel.conf
     create mode 100644 redis/deploy/single/redis.conf
    localhost:bigdata Sean$ git rebase --continue
    redis/deploy/official/redis-common.conf: needs update
    redis/deploy/official/redis.conf: needs update
    You must edit all merge conflicts and then
    mark them as resolved using git add
    localhost:bigdata Sean$ git rebase --continue
    redis/deploy/official/redis-common.conf: needs update
    redis/deploy/official/redis.conf: needs update
    You must edit all merge conflicts and then
    mark them as resolved using git add
    localhost:bigdata Sean$ git rebase --continue
    You have uncommitted changes in your working tree. Please commit them
    first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again.
    localhost:bigdata Sean$ git rebase --continue
    Successfully rebased and updated refs/heads/master.
    localhost:bigdata Sean$ git rebase -i e113b0a
    Successfully rebased and updated refs/heads/master.
    localhost:bigdata Sean$ git rebase -i e113b0a
    Stopped at b8b5ace... The deploy of redis.
    You can amend the commit now, with
    
    	git commit --amend
    
    Once you are satisfied with your changes, run
    
    	git rebase --continue
    
    localhost:bigdata Sean$ git delete redis⁩ ▸ ⁨deploy⁩ ▸ ⁨official⁩
    
    
    
    kafka/src/main/java/com/yanxml/kafka/stresstest/consumer/KafkaStressConsumer.java: needs merge
    You must edit all merge conflicts and then
    The deploy of redis.
    
    # Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting
    # with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit.
    #
    # Date:      Wed Jul 18 14:23:00 2018 +0800
    #
    # interactive rebase in progress; onto e113b0a
    # Last commands done (3 commands done):
    #    pick ed2ffda Update for stress test for flume-kafka-consmer. Function: Get the data from kafka & data logic handle.
    #    edit f3b3b0f The deploy of redis.
    # Next commands to do (17 remaining commands):
    #    pick 30ccf1e The demos of redis.
    #    pick 2cd136a Update the annotation of the redis pub/sub .
    # You are currently editing a commit while rebasing branch 'master' on 'e113b0a'.
    #
    # Changes to be committed:
    #       modified:   README.md
    #       new file:   redis/deploy/cluster/7000/redis.conf
    #       new file:   redis/deploy/cluster/ruby lib/Makefile
    #       new file:   redis/deploy/cluster/ruby lib/zlib-devel-1.2.7-17.el7.x86_64.rpm
    #       new file:   redis/deploy/cluster/script/start-all.sh
    #       new file:   redis/deploy/official/redis-common.conf
    #       new file:   redis/deploy/official/redis.conf
    #       new file:   redis/deploy/sentinel/sentinel.conf
    #       new file:   redis/deploy/single/redis.conf
    #
    # Changes not staged for commit:
    #       deleted:    redis/deploy/official/redis-common.conf
    #       deleted:    redis/deploy/official/redis.conf

--------------------

### Reference ###

\[1\]. [【Git系列】git rebase详解][Git_git rebase]  
\[2\]. [【Git】rebase 用法小结][Git_rebase]

--------------------

干点坏事–QAQ  
\[3\]. [git 怎样删除远程仓库的某次错误提交？][git]

[Git_git rebase]: https://www.cnblogs.com/pinefantasy/articles/6287147.html
[Git_rebase]: https://www.jianshu.com/p/4a8f4af4e803
[git]: https://segmentfault.com/q/1010000002898735