【MySQL】误用关键字，保留字导致错误 ERROR 1064 (42000)

布满荆棘的人生 2022-04-08 15:23 383阅读 0赞

> 创建表时

mysql> CREATE TABLE department(d_id INT(10) PRIMARY KEY,
     -> d_name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
       -> function VARCHAR(20),
       -> address VARCHAR(30));

报错

ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; 
    check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax
    to use near 'function VARCHAR(20),
    addre ss VARCHAR(30))' at line 3

**原因**：误用了保留字function

需要用时，需要在保留字两边加上反引号\`\`(英文输入法tab键上方),不能用单引号

#### 保留字列表 ####

ACCESSIBLE ®

ACTION

ADD ®

AFTER

AGAINST

AGGREGATE

ALGORITHM

ALL ®

ALTER ®

ANALYZE ®

AND ®

ANY

AS ®

ASC ®

ASCII

ASENSITIVE ®

AUTHORS

AUTOEXTEND\_SIZE

AUTO\_INCREMENT

AVG

AVG\_ROW\_LENGTH

BACKUP

BEFORE ®

BEGIN

BETWEEN ®

BIGINT ®

BINARY ®

BINLOG

BIT

BLOB ®

BLOCK

BOOL

BOOLEAN

BOTH ®

BTREE

BY ®

BYTE

CACHE

CALL ®

CASCADE ®

CASCADED

CASE ®

CATALOG\_NAME

CHAIN

CHANGE ®

CHANGED

CHAR ®

CHARACTER ®

CHARSET

CHECK ®

CHECKSUM

CIPHER

CLASS\_ORIGIN

CLIENT

COALESCE

CODE

COLLATE ®

COLLATION

COLUMN ®

COLUMNS

COLUMN\_NAME

COMMENT

COMMIT

COMMITTED

COMPACT

COMPLETION

COMPRESSED

CONCURRENT

CONDITION ®

CONNECTION

CONSISTENT

CONSTRAINT ®

CONSTRAINT\_CATALOG

CONSTRAINT\_NAME

CONSTRAINT\_SCHEMA

CONTAINS

CONTEXT

CONTINUE ®

CONTRIBUTORS

CONVERT ®

CPU

CREATE ®

CROSS ®

CUBE

CURRENT\_DATE ®

CURRENT\_TIME ®

CURRENT\_TIMESTAMP ®

CURRENT\_USER ®

CURSOR ®

CURSOR\_NAME

DATA

DATABASE ®

DATABASES ®

DATAFILE

DATE

DATETIME

DAY

DAY\_HOUR ®

DAY\_MICROSECOND ®

DAY\_MINUTE ®

DAY\_SECOND ®

DEALLOCATE

DEC ®

DECIMAL ®

DECLARE ®

DEFAULT ®

DEFINER

DELAYED ®

DELAY\_KEY\_WRITE

DELETE ®

DESC ®

DESCRIBE ®

DES\_KEY\_FILE

DETERMINISTIC ®

DIRECTORY

DISABLE

DISCARD

DISK

DISTINCT ®

DISTINCTROW ®

DIV ®

DOUBLE ®

DROP ®

DUAL ®

DUMPFILE

DUPLICATE

DYNAMIC

EACH ®

ELSE ®

ELSEIF ®

ENABLE

ENCLOSED ®

END

ENDS

ENGINE

ENGINES

ENUM

ERROR; added in 5.5.3 (nonreserved)

ERRORS

ESCAPE

ESCAPED ®

EVENT

EVENTS

EVERY

EXECUTE

EXISTS ®

EXIT ®

EXPANSION

EXPLAIN ®

EXTENDED

EXTENT\_SIZE

FALSE ®

FAST

FAULTS

FETCH ®

FIELDS

FILE

FIRST

FIXED

FLOAT ®

FLOAT4 ®

FLOAT8 ®

FLUSH

FOR ®

FORCE ®

FOREIGN ®

FOUND

FRAC\_SECOND; removed in 5.5.3

FROM ®

FULL

FULLTEXT ®

FUNCTION

GENERAL; added in 5.5.3 (reserved); became nonreserved in 5.5.8

GEOMETRY

GEOMETRYCOLLECTION

GET\_FORMAT

GLOBAL

GRANT ®

GRANTS

GROUP ®

HANDLER

HASH

HAVING ®

HELP

HIGH\_PRIORITY ®

HOST

HOSTS

HOUR

HOUR\_MICROSECOND ®

HOUR\_MINUTE ®

HOUR\_SECOND ®

IDENTIFIED

IF ®

IGNORE ®

IGNORE\_SERVER\_IDS; became nonreserved in 5.5.8

IMPORT

IN ®

INDEX ®

INDEXES

INFILE ®

INITIAL\_SIZE

INNER ®

INNOBASE; removed in 5.5.3

INNODB; removed in 5.5.3

INOUT ®

INSENSITIVE ®

INSERT ®

INSERT\_METHOD

INSTALL

INT ®

INT1 ®

INT2 ®

INT3 ®

INT4 ®

INT8 ®

INTEGER ®

INTERVAL ®

INTO ®

INVOKER

IO\_THREAD

IPC

IS ®

ISOLATION

ISSUER

ITERATE ®

JOIN ®

KEY ®

KEYS ®

KEY\_BLOCK\_SIZE

KILL ®

LANGUAGE

LAST

LEADING ®

LEAVE ®

LEAVES

LEFT ®

LESS

LEVEL

LIKE ®

LIMIT ®

LINEAR ®

LINES ®

LINESTRING

LIST

LOAD ®

LOCAL

LOCALTIME ®

LOCALTIMESTAMP ®

LOCK ®

LOCKS

LOGFILE

LOGS

LONG ®

LONGBLOB ®

LONGTEXT ®

LOOP ®

LOW\_PRIORITY ®

MASTER

MASTER\_CONNECT\_RETRY

MASTER\_HEARTBEAT\_PERIOD; became nonreserved in 5.5.8

MASTER\_HOST

MASTER\_LOG\_FILE

MASTER\_LOG\_POS

MASTER\_PASSWORD

MASTER\_PORT

MASTER\_SERVER\_ID

MASTER\_SSL

MASTER\_SSL\_CA

MASTER\_SSL\_CAPATH

MASTER\_SSL\_CERT

MASTER\_SSL\_CIPHER

MASTER\_SSL\_KEY

MASTER\_SSL\_VERIFY\_SERVER\_CERT ®

MASTER\_USER

MATCH ®

MAXVALUE ®

MAX\_CONNECTIONS\_PER\_HOUR

MAX\_QUERIES\_PER\_HOUR

MAX\_ROWS

MAX\_SIZE

MAX\_UPDATES\_PER\_HOUR

MAX\_USER\_CONNECTIONS

MEDIUM

MEDIUMBLOB ®

MEDIUMINT ®

MEDIUMTEXT ®

MEMORY

MERGE

MESSAGE\_TEXT

MICROSECOND

MIDDLEINT ®

MIGRATE

MINUTE

MINUTE\_MICROSECOND ®

MINUTE\_SECOND ®

MIN\_ROWS

MOD ®

MODE

MODIFIES ®

MODIFY

MONTH

MULTILINESTRING

MULTIPOINT

MULTIPOLYGON

MUTEX

MYSQL\_ERRNO

NAME

NAMES

NATIONAL

NATURAL ®

NCHAR

NDB

NDBCLUSTER

NEW

NODEGROUP

NONE

NOT ®

NO\_WAIT

NO\_WRITE\_TO\_BINLOG ®

NULL ®

NUMERIC ®

NVARCHAR

OFFSET

OLD\_PASSWORD

ON ®

ONE

ONE\_SHOT

OPEN

OPTIMIZE ®

OPTION ®

OPTIONALLY ®

OPTIONS

OR ®

ORDER ®

OUT ®

OUTER ®

OUTFILE ®

OWNER

PACK\_KEYS

PAGE

PARSER

PARTIAL

PARTITION

PARTITIONING

PARTITIONS

PASSWORD

PHASE

PLUGIN

PLUGINS

POINT

POLYGON

PORT

PRECISION ®

PREPARE

PRESERVE

PRIMARY ®

PRIVILEGES

PROCEDURE ®

PROCESSLIST

PROFILE

PROFILES

PROXY; added in 5.5.7 (nonreserved)

PURGE ®

QUARTER

QUERY

QUICK

RANGE ®

READ ®

READS ®

READ\_ONLY

READ\_WRITE ®

REAL ®

REBUILD

RECOVER

REDOFILE

REDO\_BUFFER\_SIZE

REDUNDANT

REFERENCES ®

REGEXP ®

RELAY; added in 5.5.3 (nonreserved)

RELAYLOG

RELAY\_LOG\_FILE

RELAY\_LOG\_POS

RELAY\_THREAD

RELEASE ®

RELOAD

REMOVE

RENAME ®

REORGANIZE

REPAIR

REPEAT ®

REPEATABLE

REPLACE ®

REPLICATION

REQUIRE ®

RESET

RESIGNAL ®

RESTORE

RESTRICT ®

RESUME

RETURN ®

RETURNS

REVOKE ®

RIGHT ®

RLIKE ®

ROLLBACK

ROLLUP

ROUTINE

ROW

ROWS

ROW\_FORMAT

RTREE

SAVEPOINT

SCHEDULE

SCHEMA ®

SCHEMAS ®

SCHEMA\_NAME

SECOND

SECOND\_MICROSECOND ®

SECURITY

SELECT ®

SENSITIVE ®

SEPARATOR ®

SERIAL

SERIALIZABLE

SERVER

SESSION

SET ®

SHOW ®

SHUTDOWN

SIGNAL ®

SIGNED

SIMPLE

SLAVE

SLOW; added in 5.5.3 (reserved); became nonreserved in 5.5.8

SMALLINT ®

SNAPSHOT

SOCKET

SOME

SONAME

SOUNDS

SOURCE

SPATIAL ®

SPECIFIC ®

SQL ®

SQLEXCEPTION ®

SQLSTATE ®

SQLWARNING ®

SQL\_BIG\_RESULT ®

SQL\_BUFFER\_RESULT

SQL\_CACHE

SQL\_CALC\_FOUND\_ROWS ®

SQL\_NO\_CACHE

SQL\_SMALL\_RESULT ®

SQL\_THREAD

SQL\_TSI\_DAY

SQL\_TSI\_FRAC\_SECOND; removed in 5.5.3

SQL\_TSI\_HOUR

SQL\_TSI\_MINUTE

SQL\_TSI\_MONTH

SQL\_TSI\_QUARTER

SQL\_TSI\_SECOND

SQL\_TSI\_WEEK

SQL\_TSI\_YEAR

SSL ®

START

STARTING ®

STARTS

STATUS

STOP

STORAGE

STRAIGHT\_JOIN ®

STRING

SUBCLASS\_ORIGIN

SUBJECT

SUBPARTITION

SUBPARTITIONS

SUPER

SUSPEND

SWAPS

SWITCHES

TABLE ®

TABLES

TABLESPACE

TABLE\_CHECKSUM

TABLE\_NAME

TEMPORARY

TEMPTABLE

TERMINATED ®

TEXT

THAN

THEN ®

TIME

TIMESTAMP

TIMESTAMPADD

TIMESTAMPDIFF

TINYBLOB ®

TINYINT ®

TINYTEXT ®

TO ®

TRAILING ®

TRANSACTION

TRIGGER ®

TRIGGERS

TRUE ®

TRUNCATE

TYPE

TYPES

UNCOMMITTED

UNDEFINED

UNDO ®

UNDOFILE

UNDO\_BUFFER\_SIZE

UNICODE

UNINSTALL

UNION ®

UNIQUE ®

UNKNOWN

UNLOCK ®

UNSIGNED ®

UNTIL

UPDATE ®

UPGRADE

USAGE ®

USE ®

USER

USER\_RESOURCES

USE\_FRM

USING ®

UTC\_DATE ®

UTC\_TIME ®

UTC\_TIMESTAMP ®

VALUE

VALUES ®

VARBINARY ®

VARCHAR ®

VARCHARACTER ®

VARIABLES

VARYING ®

VIEW

WAIT

WARNINGS

WEEK

WHEN ®

WHERE ®

WHILE ®

WITH ®

WORK

WRAPPER

WRITE ®

X509

XML

XOR ®

YEAR

YEAR\_MONTH ®

ZEROFILL ®

MySQL 5.5 New Keywords and Reserved Words  
The following list shows the keywords and reserved words that are added in MySQL 5.5, compared to MySQL 5.1. Reserved keywords are marked with ®.  
C

CATALOG\_NAME

CLASS\_ORIGIN

COLUMN\_NAME

CONSTRAINT\_CATALOG

CONSTRAINT\_NAME

CONSTRAINT\_SCHEMA

CURSOR\_NAME

ERROR

GENERAL

IGNORE\_SERVER\_IDS

MASTER\_HEARTBEAT\_PERIOD

MESSAGE\_TEXT

MYSQL\_ERRNO

PROXY

RELAY

RELAYLOG

RESIGNAL ®

SCHEMA\_NAME

SIGNAL ®

SLOW

SUBCLASS\_ORIGIN

TABLE\_NAME

XML

**参考网址**：[https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/keywords.html\#keywords-5-5-detailed-S][https_dev.mysql.com_doc_refman_5.5_en_keywords.html_keywords-5-5-detailed-S]

[https_dev.mysql.com_doc_refman_5.5_en_keywords.html_keywords-5-5-detailed-S]: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/keywords.html#keywords-5-5-detailed-S