unity中群组行为

ゝ一纸荒年。 2022-04-08 14:30 110阅读 0赞

由三个简单的 转向行为组成，描述了个人如何基于其附近的群体的位置和速度进行动作：  
分离separation：避免拥挤当地的群体  
分离图 ![在这里插入图片描述][20181218163840815.png]  
群组alignment：转向周围群体的平均航向  
群组图 ![在这里插入图片描述][20181218163846235.png]  
聚集cohesion：引导移动到周围同类的平均位置  
聚集图 ![在这里插入图片描述][20181218163852940.png]

代码示例:

using System.Collections;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using UnityEngine;
    
    ///<summary>
    ///群组行为
    ///<summary>
    public class boids : MonoBehaviour
    {
        //public Transform target;
        public float speed = 3;
        public Vector3 velocity = Vector3.forward*2;  //速度
        public Vector3 startVelocity;
        public float m = 1f;   //质量
        public Vector3 sumForce = Vector3.zero;   //合力
    
        public float separationDistance = 3f;//分离范围距离
        public float separationWeirht = 1F;   //分离权重
        public List<GameObject> separationNeighors = new List<GameObject>();
        public Vector3 separatoinForce = Vector3.zero;//分离的力
    
        public float alignmentDistance = 6f;  //队列距离
        public float alignmentWeight = 1f;  //队列权重
    
        public List<GameObject> alignmentNeighbors = new List<GameObject>();
        public Vector3 alignmentForce = Vector3.zero;//队列的力
    
        public List<GameObject> cohesionNeighbors = new List<GameObject>();
        public float cohesionWeight = 1f;
        public Vector3 cohesionForce = Vector3.zero;//聚合的力
    
    
        public float checkInterval = 0.2f;   //调用间隔
    
        private void Start()
        {
            startVelocity = velocity;
            InvokeRepeating("CalcForce", 0, checkInterval);
        }
    
        void CalcForce()
        {
            //使力归零
            sumForce = Vector3.zero;
            separatoinForce = Vector3.zero;//分离的力
            alignmentForce = Vector3.zero;//队列的力
            cohesionForce = Vector3.zero;//聚合的力
    
            separationNeighors.Clear();  //清空集合
            Collider[] colliders =  Physics.OverlapSphere(transform.position, separationDistance);
            foreach(Collider c in colliders)
            {
                if(c!=null && c.gameObject!=this.gameObject) //c不为空且不为自身
                {
                    separationNeighors.Add(c.gameObject);
                }
            }
            //计算分离的力
            foreach (GameObject neignbor in separationNeighors)
            {
                Vector3 dir = transform.position - neignbor.transform.position;
                separatoinForce += dir.normalized / dir.magnitude;
            }
            if (separationNeighors.Count > 0)
            {
                separatoinForce *= separationWeirht;
                sumForce += separatoinForce;
            }
    
            //计算队列的力
            alignmentNeighbors.Clear();
            colliders = Physics.OverlapSphere(transform.position, alignmentDistance);
            foreach (Collider c in colliders)
            {
                if (c != null && c.gameObject != this.gameObject) //c不为空且不为自身
                {
                    alignmentNeighbors.Add(c.gameObject);
                }
            }
            Vector3 avgDir = Vector3.zero;
            foreach (GameObject n in alignmentNeighbors)
            {
                avgDir += n.transform.forward;
            }
            if (alignmentNeighbors.Count > 0)
            {
                avgDir = avgDir / alignmentNeighbors.Count;
                alignmentForce = avgDir - transform.forward;
                alignmentForce *= alignmentWeight;
                sumForce += alignmentForce;
            }
    
            //计算聚合的力
            //若有分离力或者队伍为空则不施加聚合力
            if ( alignmentNeighbors.Count>0)
            {
                Vector3 centor = Vector3.zero;
                foreach (GameObject n in alignmentNeighbors)
                {
                    centor += n.transform.position;
                }
                centor /= alignmentNeighbors.Count;
                Vector3 dirToCenter = centor - transform.position;  //自身到中心点向量
                cohesionForce += dirToCenter;
                cohesionForce *= cohesionWeight;
                sumForce += cohesionForce;
                //sumForce += alignmentForce;
            }
    
            //保持恒定飞行速度的力
            Vector3 engineForce = startVelocity - velocity;
            sumForce += engineForce;
    
            //设定飞行目标的sumForce
            //Vector3 targetDir = target.position - transform.position;
            //sumForce = (targetDir.normalized - transform.forward) * speed;
    
        }
    
        private void Update()
        {
            Vector3 a = sumForce / m;
            velocity += a * Time.deltaTime;
            transform.rotation = Quaternion.Slerp(transform.rotation, Quaternion.LookRotation(velocity),Time.deltaTime);  //绕运动方向旋转
            transform.Translate(velocity * Time.deltaTime, Space.World);
           // transform.Translate(transform.forward*Time.deltaTime, Space.World);
        }
    }

[20181218163840815.png]: /images/20220404/962388e1494742dd840e324c200c3dc8.png
[20181218163846235.png]: /images/20220404/ed83913d7b8c4a45895a895ee5a6b0ec.png
[20181218163852940.png]: /images/20220404/d5ca55eda2984c1b92191efbda0608e2.png