SpringBoot：环境搭建（三种方式）

电玩女神 2022-04-03 18:38 504阅读 0赞

〇，SpringBoot

  1. SpringBoot作为一个快速开发框架，是对SpringMVC的进一步封装和补充。在项目开发过程中，以注解驱动的方式代替了在SSM环境中对配置文件的过分依赖，通过内部对各种开发技术的支持，使开发者更致力于业务功能的完善，提升开发效率。并对SpringCloud有极好的支持，方便后续微服务扩展

一，IDEA（IDE）直接集成方式

  1. 1，通过IDEA直接创建项目，选择Spring Initializr项

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  1. 2，填充项目信息
  3.     \* Type：选中Maven Project会直接初始化完成，Maven Pom部分需要自行处理
  5.     \* Packaging：打包方式为jar包（集成JSP的项目必须为war包）
  7.     \* Java Version：JDK版本必须为1.8（8.0）以上

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  1. 3，选择依赖，默认选择Web包，保证基本环境正常

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  1. 4，填写项目信息，项目搭建完成

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  1.  5，项目搭建完成后，整体项目结构如下图

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  1.     \* pom文件
  3. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  4. <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  5.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  6.     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  7.     <parent>
  8.         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  9.         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
  10.         <version>2.1.1.RELEASE</version>
  11.         <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
  12.     </parent>
  13.     <groupId>com.springboot.auto</groupId>
  14.     <artifactId>springboot_test3</artifactId>
  15.     <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  16.     <name>springboot_test3</name>
  17.     <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
  19.     <properties>
  20.         <java.version>1.8</java.version>
  21.     </properties>
  23.     <dependencies>
  24.         <dependency>
  25.             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  26.             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
  27.         </dependency>
  29.         <dependency>
  30.             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  31.             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
  32.             <scope>test</scope>
  33.         </dependency>
  34.     </dependencies>
  36.     <build>
  37.         <plugins>
  38.             <plugin>
  39.                 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  40.                 <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
  41.             </plugin>
  42.         </plugins>
  43.     </build>
  45. </project>

二，官网下载环境包直接引入

  1. 1，下载地址
  3.      [https://start.spring.io/][https_start.spring.io]
  5. 2，项目信息选择
  7.       \* 顶部标题选择项目构建方式，项目语言及项目版本
  9.       \* 左侧Project两行填写项目坐标信息
  11.       \* 右侧Dependencies列，填写项目引用依赖，此处依旧只引用Web依赖

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  1. 3，通过Generate Project构建项目后，会下载一个项目名称的zip包

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  1. 4，解压项目并引入工作空间后，项目结构如下图

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  1.     \* pom文件
  3. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  4. <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  5.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  6.     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  7.     <parent>
  8.         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  9.         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
  10.         <version>2.1.1.RELEASE</version>
  11.         <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
  12.     </parent>
  13.     <groupId>com.springboot.test3</groupId>
  14.     <artifactId>springboot_test3</artifactId>
  15.     <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  16.     <name>springboot_test3</name>
  17.     <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
  19.     <properties>
  20.         <java.version>1.8</java.version>
  21.     </properties>
  23.     <dependencies>
  24.         <dependency>
  25.             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  26.             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
  27.         </dependency>
  29.         <dependency>
  30.             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  31.             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
  32.             <scope>test</scope>
  33.         </dependency>
  34.     </dependencies>
  36.     <build>
  37.         <plugins>
  38.             <plugin>
  39.                 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  40.                 <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
  41.             </plugin>
  42.         </plugins>
  43.     </build>
  45. </project>

三，手动搭建

  1. 1，选择maven项目

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  1. 2，填写项目坐标信息

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  1. 3，选择maven安装位置及配置位置，之后直接finish

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  1. 4，项目自动构建后，项目结构入下图

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  1. 5，修改pom文件，
  3.     \* 引入parent标签
  5. <parent>
  6.     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  7.     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
  8.     <version>2.1.1.RELEASE</version>
  9.     <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
  10.   </parent>
  12.     \* 引入web依赖
  14. <dependency>
  15.       <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  16.       <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
  17.     </dependency>
  19.     \* 引入springboot启动插件，注意，该标签不要放置于<pluginManagement>标签内
  21. <plugins>
  22.       <plugin>
  23.         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  24.         <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
  25.       </plugin>
  26.     </plugins>
  28.      \* 整体pom文件
  30. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  32. <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  33.   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  34.   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  35.   <parent>
  36.     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  37.     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
  38.     <version>2.1.1.RELEASE</version>
  39.     <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
  40.   </parent>
  42.   <groupId>com.springboot.test4</groupId>
  43.   <artifactId>springboot_test</artifactId>
  44.   <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  46.   <name>springboot_test</name>
  47.   <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
  48.   <url>http://www.example.com</url>
  50.   <properties>
  51.     <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  52.     <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
  53.     <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
  54.   </properties>
  56.   <dependencies>
  57.     <dependency>
  58.       <groupId>junit</groupId>
  59.       <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
  60.       <version>4.11</version>
  61.       <scope>test</scope>
  62.     </dependency>
  63.     <dependency>
  64.       <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  65.       <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
  66.     </dependency>
  67.   </dependencies>
  69.   <build>
  70.     <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
  71.       <plugins>
  72.         <!-- clean lifecycle, see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/lifecycles.html#clean_Lifecycle -->
  73.         <plugin>
  74.           <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
  75.           <version>3.1.0</version>
  76.         </plugin>
  77.         <!-- default lifecycle, jar packaging: see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_jar_packaging -->
  78.         <plugin>
  79.           <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
  80.           <version>3.0.2</version>
  81.         </plugin>
  82.         <plugin>
  83.           <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
  84.           <version>3.8.0</version>
  85.         </plugin>
  86.         <plugin>
  87.           <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
  88.           <version>2.22.1</version>
  89.         </plugin>
  90.         <plugin>
  91.           <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
  92.           <version>3.0.2</version>
  93.         </plugin>
  94.         <plugin>
  95.           <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
  96.           <version>2.5.2</version>
  97.         </plugin>
  98.         <plugin>
  99.           <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
  100.           <version>2.8.2</version>
  101.         </plugin>
  102.         <!-- site lifecycle, see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/lifecycles.html#site_Lifecycle -->
  103.         <plugin>
  104.           <artifactId>maven-site-plugin</artifactId>
  105.           <version>3.7.1</version>
  106.         </plugin>
  107.         <plugin>
  108.           <artifactId>maven-project-info-reports-plugin</artifactId>
  109.           <version>3.0.0</version>
  110.         </plugin>
  111.       </plugins>
  112.     </pluginManagement>
  113.     <plugins>
  114.       <plugin>
  115.         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  116.         <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
  117.       </plugin>
  118.     </plugins>
  119.   </build>
  120. </project>
  122. 6，创建启动main方法，方法所在包应为顶层包，方便启动整体项目
  124.      \* SpringBootApplication注解：内部配置了自动容器加载和自动包注解扫描（扫描同级别包及子包）
  126.      \* main方法内为SpringBoot启动入口
  128. package com.springboot.test4;
  130. import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
  131. import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
  133. /**
  134.  * @author pj_zhang
  135.  * @create 2018-12-23 22:11
  136.  **/
  137. @SpringBootApplication
  138. public class AppApplication {
  139.     public static void main(String[] args) {
  140.         SpringApplication.run(AppApplication.class, args);
  141.     }
  142. }
  144. 7，项目启动，直接通过main函数启动方法，出现如下图信息，则说明环境搭建完成，项目启动成功

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四，HelloWorld项目

  1. package com.springboot.test4;
  3. import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
  4. import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
  6. /**
  7.  * @author pj_zhang
  8.  * @create 2018-12-23 22:15
  9.  **/
  10. // RestController = Controller + ResponseBody
  11. @RestController
  12. public class SpringBootTest {
  14.     @RequestMapping("/hello")
  15.     public String hello() {
  16.         return "hello";
  17.     }
  18. }

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