SpringBoot：环境搭建（三种方式）

电玩女神 2022-04-03 18:38 397阅读 0赞

〇，SpringBoot

SpringBoot作为一个快速开发框架，是对SpringMVC的进一步封装和补充。在项目开发过程中，以注解驱动的方式代替了在SSM环境中对配置文件的过分依赖，通过内部对各种开发技术的支持，使开发者更致力于业务功能的完善，提升开发效率。并对SpringCloud有极好的支持，方便后续微服务扩展

一，IDEA（IDE）直接集成方式

1，通过IDEA直接创建项目，选择Spring Initializr项

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE5NzYzODg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

2，填充项目信息

\* Type：选中Maven Project会直接初始化完成，Maven Pom部分需要自行处理

\* Packaging：打包方式为jar包（集成JSP的项目必须为war包）

\* Java Version：JDK版本必须为1.8（8.0）以上

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE5NzYzODg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

3，选择依赖，默认选择Web包，保证基本环境正常

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE5NzYzODg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

4，填写项目信息，项目搭建完成

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE5NzYzODg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

5，项目搭建完成后，整体项目结构如下图

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE5NzYzODg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

\* pom文件

二，官网下载环境包直接引入

1，下载地址

[https://start.spring.io/][https_start.spring.io]

2，项目信息选择

\* 顶部标题选择项目构建方式，项目语言及项目版本

\* 左侧Project两行填写项目坐标信息

\* 右侧Dependencies列，填写项目引用依赖，此处依旧只引用Web依赖

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE5NzYzODg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

3，通过Generate Project构建项目后，会下载一个项目名称的zip包

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE5NzYzODg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

4，解压项目并引入工作空间后，项目结构如下图

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE5NzYzODg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

\* pom文件

三，手动搭建

1，选择maven项目

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE5NzYzODg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

2，填写项目坐标信息

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE5NzYzODg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]

3，选择maven安装位置及配置位置，之后直接finish

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE5NzYzODg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10][]

4，项目自动构建后，项目结构入下图

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE5NzYzODg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11][]

5，修改pom文件，

\* 引入parent标签

<parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.1.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> 
      </parent>

\* 引入web依赖

<dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

\* 引入springboot启动插件，注意，该标签不要放置于<pluginManagement>标签内

<plugins>
          <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
          </plugin>
        </plugins>

\* 整体pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
      <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
      <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.1.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> 
      </parent>
    
      <groupId>com.springboot.test4</groupId>
      <artifactId>springboot_test</artifactId>
      <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    
      <name>springboot_test</name>
      
      <url>http://www.example.com</url>
    
      <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
      </properties>
    
      <dependencies>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>junit</groupId>
          <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
          <version>4.11</version>
          <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
      </dependencies>
    
      <build>
        <pluginManagement>
          <plugins>
            
            <plugin>
              <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
              <version>3.1.0</version>
            </plugin>
            
            <plugin>
              <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
              <version>3.0.2</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
              <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
              <version>3.8.0</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
              <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
              <version>2.22.1</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
              <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
              <version>3.0.2</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
              <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
              <version>2.5.2</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
              <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
              <version>2.8.2</version>
            </plugin>
            
            <plugin>
              <artifactId>maven-site-plugin</artifactId>
              <version>3.7.1</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
              <artifactId>maven-project-info-reports-plugin</artifactId>
              <version>3.0.0</version>
            </plugin>
          </plugins>
        </pluginManagement>
        <plugins>
          <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
          </plugin>
        </plugins>
      </build>
    </project>

6，创建启动main方法，方法所在包应为顶层包，方便启动整体项目

\* SpringBootApplication注解：内部配置了自动容器加载和自动包注解扫描（扫描同级别包及子包）

\* main方法内为SpringBoot启动入口

package com.springboot.test4;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    
    /**
     * @author pj_zhang
     * @create 2018-12-23 22:11
     **/
    @SpringBootApplication
    public class AppApplication {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(AppApplication.class, args);
        }
    }

7，项目启动，直接通过main函数启动方法，出现如下图信息，则说明环境搭建完成，项目启动成功

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTE5NzYzODg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12][]

四，HelloWorld项目

package com.springboot.test4;
    
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    /**
     * @author pj_zhang
     * @create 2018-12-23 22:15
     **/
    // RestController = Controller + ResponseBody
    @RestController
    public class SpringBootTest {
        
        @RequestMapping("/hello")
        public String hello() {
            return "hello";
        }
    }

![20181223221732121.png][]

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[https_start.spring.io]: https://start.spring.io/
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[20181223221732121.png]: /images/20220403/0a698c47ef1d4c3e96273ed005eb3785.png