如何将Python字典转换成XML

骑猪看日落 2022-03-30 10:46 310阅读 0赞

from xml.etree.ElementTree import Element, SubElement, tostring
    from xml.dom.minidom import parseString
    
    def main():
        BOOKs = {
            '001': {
                'title' : 'Name1',
                'edition' : 2,
                'year' : 2006,
            },
            '002': {
                'title' : 'Name2',
                'year'  : 2009,
            },
        }
        books = Element('books')
        for isbn, info in BOOKs.items():   #此处若用python2，则改为iteritems()
            book = SubElement(books, 'book')
            info.setdefault('authors', '无缘浪子党')
            info.setdefault('edition',1)
            for key, val in info.items():
                SubElement(book, key).text = ', '.join(str(val).split(':'))
        #此处是脚本正式开始工作的地方，首先创建顶层对象，即books，接着将所有其他内容添加到该节点下，#对于每一本书，都添加一个book子节点，如果上面的原字典没有提供作者和版本，则使用提供的默认值。接着#遍历所有键值对，将这些内容作为其他子节点添加到每个book中。
        xml = tostring(books)
        print('*** RAW XML ***')
        print(xml)
    
        print('\n*** PRETTY-PRINTED XML')
        dom = parseString(xml)
        print(dom.toprettyxml(' '))
    
        print('***FLAT STRUCTURE')
        for elmt in books.iter():     #此处若为Python2,则改为getiterator()
            print(elmt.tag, '-', elmt.text)
    
        print('\n*** TITLES ONLY ***')
        for book in books.findall('.//title'):
            print(book.text)
    
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        main()

此代码用python3.72可以运行，结果如下，

*** RAW XML ***
    b'<books><book><title>Name1</title><edition>2</edition><year>2006</year><authors>无缘浪子党</authors></book><book><title>Name2</title><year>2009</year><authors>无缘浪子党</authors><edition>1</edition></book></books>'
    
    *** PRETTY-PRINTED XML
    <?xml version="1.0" ?>
    <books>
     <book>
      <title>Name1</title>
      <edition>2</edition>
      <year>2006</year>
      <authors>无缘浪子党</authors>
     </book>
     <book>
      <title>Name2</title>
      <year>2009</year>
      <authors>无缘浪子党</authors>
      <edition>1</edition>
     </book>
    </books>
    
    ***FLAT STRUCTURE
    books - None
    book - None
    title - Name1
    edition - 2
    year - 2006
    authors - 无缘浪子党
    book - None
    title - Name2
    year - 2009
    authors - 无缘浪子党
    edition - 1
    
    *** TITLES ONLY ***
    Name1
    Name2