C#中使用 SendMessage 向非顶端窗体发送组合键

以你之姓@ 2022-03-29 05:24 254阅读 0赞

开门见山,不废话了, 直接举例说明一下:

比如发送ALT + F

以下是 用spy++截取的消息内容

<00001> 000310DC P WM\_SYSKEYDOWN nVirtKey:VK\_MENU cRepeat:1 ScanCode:38 fExtended:0 fAltDown:1 fRepeat:0 fUp:0  
<00002> 000310DC P WM\_SYSKEYDOWN nVirtKey:'F' cRepeat:1 ScanCode:21 fExtended:0 fAltDown:1 fRepeat:0 fUp:0  
<00003> 000310DC P WM\_SYSCHAR chCharCode:'102' (102) cRepeat:1 ScanCode:21 fExtended:0 fAltDown:1 fRepeat:0 fUp:0  
<00004> 000310DC P WM\_SYSKEYUP nVirtKey:'F' cRepeat:1 ScanCode:21 fExtended:0 fAltDown:1 fRepeat:1 fUp:1  
<00005> 000310DC P WM\_KEYUP nVirtKey:VK\_MENU cRepeat:1 ScanCode:38 fExtended:0 fAltDown:0 fRepeat:1 fUp:1

转换为 SendMessage

\[DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "SendMessage")\]  
public static extern int SendMessage(IntPtr hwnd, int wMsg, uint wParam, uint lParam);

SendMessage(hwnd, 0x0104, 0x00000012, 0x20380001);//(0x00000012 == VK\_MENU(ALT键))  
SendMessage(hwnd, 0x0104, 0x00000046, 0x20210001);//这一行可以省略(0x00000046 == 'F')

SendMessage(hwnd, 0x0106, 0x00000066, 0x20210001);//发送一个char 'f'  
SendMessage(hwnd, 0x0105, 0x00000046, 0xE0210001);//这一行可以省略(0x00000046 == 'F')  
SendMessage(hwnd, 0x0105, 0x00000012, 0xC0380001);//(0x00000012 == VK\_MENU(ALT键))

过程是这样的:

首先 发送了一个 ALT按下 //(WM\_SYSKEYDOWN == 0x0104)

然后 发送了一个 'F'键      //这里省略可以实现同样功能 系统兼容性问题 建议发送这个键

然后 发送了一个 字符'f'    //(WM\_SYSCHAR == 0x0106)

然后 抬起按键     'F'键     //这里省略可以实现同样功能 系统兼容性问题 建议发送这个键

最后 抬起按键     ALT键    //(WM\_SYSKEYUP == 0x0105)

要实现类似功能 比如 ALT + a 可以这么写

SendMessage(hwnd, 0x0104, 0x00000012, 0x20380001);//0x00000012可以写成0x12  
SendMessage(hwnd, 0x0104, 0x00000041, 0x201E0001);//0x00000041可以写成0x41

SendMessage(hwnd, 0x0106, (int)'a', 0x20210001);// (把char转换为 int 或者API声明时传递参数wParam为char)   
SendMessage(hwnd, 0x0105, 0x00000041, 0xE01E0001);//0x00000041 == 'A'  
SendMessage(hwnd, 0x0105, 0x00000012, 0xC0380001);//

下面列举一下键盘按键对应值:

//Windows 使用的256个虚拟键码  
public const int VK\_LBUTTON = 0x1  
public const int VK\_RBUTTON = 0x2  
public const int VK\_CANCEL = 0x3  
public const int VK\_MBUTTON = 0x4  
public const int VK\_BACK = 0x8  
public const int VK\_TAB = 0x9  
public const int VK\_CLEAR = 0xC  
public const int VK\_RETURN = 0xD  
public const int VK\_SHIFT = 0x10  
public const int VK\_CONTROL = 0x11  
public const int VK\_MENU = 0x12  
public const int VK\_PAUSE = 0x13  
public const int VK\_CAPITAL = 0x14  
public const int VK\_ESCAPE = 0x1B  
public const int VK\_SPACE = 0x20  
public const int VK\_PRIOR = 0x21  
public const int VK\_NEXT = 0x22  
public const int VK\_END = 0x23  
public const int VK\_HOME = 0x24  
public const int VK\_LEFT = 0x25  
public const int VK\_UP = 0x26  
public const int VK\_RIGHT = 0x27  
public const int VK\_DOWN = 0x28  
public const int VK\_Select = 0x29  
public const int VK\_PRINT = 0x2A  
public const int VK\_EXECUTE = 0x2B  
public const int VK\_SNAPSHOT = 0x2C  
public const int VK\_Insert = 0x2D  
public const int VK\_Delete = 0x2E  
public const int VK\_HELP = 0x2F  
public const int VK\_0 = 0x30  
public const int VK\_1 = 0x31  
public const int VK\_2 = 0x32  
public const int VK\_3 = 0x33  
public const int VK\_4 = 0x34  
public const int VK\_5 = 0x35  
public const int VK\_6 = 0x36  
public const int VK\_7 = 0x37  
public const int VK\_8 = 0x38  
public const int VK\_9 = 0x39  
public const int VK\_A = 0x41  
public const int VK\_B = 0x42  
public const int VK\_C = 0x43  
public const int VK\_D = 0x44  
public const int VK\_E = 0x45  
public const int VK\_F = 0x46  
public const int VK\_G = 0x47  
public const int VK\_H = 0x48  
public const int VK\_I = 0x49  
public const int VK\_J = 0x4A  
public const int VK\_K = 0x4B  
public const int VK\_L = 0x4C  
public const int VK\_M = 0x4D  
public const int VK\_N = 0x4E  
public const int VK\_O = 0x4F  
public const int VK\_P = 0x50  
public const int VK\_Q = 0x51  
public const int VK\_R = 0x52  
public const int VK\_S = 0x53  
public const int VK\_T = 0x54  
public const int VK\_U = 0x55  
public const int VK\_V = 0x56  
public const int VK\_W = 0x57  
public const int VK\_X = 0x58  
public const int VK\_Y = 0x59  
public const int VK\_Z = 0x5A  
public const int VK\_STARTKEY = 0x5B  
public const int VK\_CONTEXTKEY = 0x5D  
public const int VK\_NUMPAD0 = 0x60  
public const int VK\_NUMPAD1 = 0x61  
public const int VK\_NUMPAD2 = 0x62  
public const int VK\_NUMPAD3 = 0x63  
public const int VK\_NUMPAD4 = 0x64  
public const int VK\_NUMPAD5 = 0x65  
public const int VK\_NUMPAD6 = 0x66  
public const int VK\_NUMPAD7 = 0x67  
public const int VK\_NUMPAD8 = 0x68  
public const int VK\_NUMPAD9 = 0x69  
public const int VK\_MULTIPLY = 0x6A  
public const int VK\_ADD = 0x6B  
public const int VK\_SEPARATOR = 0x6C  
public const int VK\_SUBTRACT = 0x6D  
public const int VK\_DECIMAL = 0x6E  
public const int VK\_DIVIDE = 0x6F  
public const int VK\_F1 = 0x70  
public const int VK\_F2 = 0x71  
public const int VK\_F3 = 0x72  
public const int VK\_F4 = 0x73  
public const int VK\_F5 = 0x74  
public const int VK\_F6 = 0x75  
public const int VK\_F7 = 0x76  
public const int VK\_F8 = 0x77  
public const int VK\_F9 = 0x78  
public const int VK\_F10 = 0x79  
public const int VK\_F11 = 0x7A  
public const int VK\_F12 = 0x7B  
public const int VK\_F13 = 0x7C  
public const int VK\_F14 = 0x7D  
public const int VK\_F15 = 0x7E  
public const int VK\_F16 = 0x7F  
public const int VK\_F17 = 0x80  
public const int VK\_F18 = 0x81  
public const int VK\_F19 = 0x82  
public const int VK\_F20 = 0x83  
public const int VK\_F21 = 0x84  
public const int VK\_F22 = 0x85  
public const int VK\_F23 = 0x86  
public const int VK\_F24 = 0x87  
public const int VK\_NUMLOCK = 0x90  
public const int VK\_OEM\_SCROLL = 0x91  
public const int VK\_OEM\_1 = 0xBA  
public const int VK\_OEM\_PLUS = 0xBB  
public const int VK\_OEM\_COMMA = 0xBC  
public const int VK\_OEM\_MINUS = 0xBD  
public const int VK\_OEM\_PERIOD = 0xBE  
public const int VK\_OEM\_2 = 0xBF  
public const int VK\_OEM\_3 = 0xC0  
public const int VK\_OEM\_4 = 0xDB  
public const int VK\_OEM\_5 = 0xDC  
public const int VK\_OEM\_6 = 0xDD  
public const int VK\_OEM\_7 = 0xDE  
public const int VK\_OEM\_8 = 0xDF  
public const int VK\_ICO\_F17 = 0xE0  
public const int VK\_ICO\_F18 = 0xE1  
public const int VK\_OEM102 = 0xE2  
public const int VK\_ICO\_HELP = 0xE3  
public const int VK\_ICO\_00 = 0xE4  
public const int VK\_ICO\_CLEAR = 0xE6  
public const int VK\_OEM\_RESET = 0xE9  
public const int VK\_OEM\_JUMP = 0xEA  
public const int VK\_OEM\_PA1 = 0xEB  
public const int VK\_OEM\_PA2 = 0xEC  
public const int VK\_OEM\_PA3 = 0xED  
public const int VK\_OEM\_WSCTRL = 0xEE  
public const int VK\_OEM\_CUSEL = 0xEF  
public const int VK\_OEM\_ATTN = 0xF0  
public const int VK\_OEM\_FINNISH = 0xF1  
public const int VK\_OEM\_COPY = 0xF2  
public const int VK\_OEM\_AUTO = 0xF3  
public const int VK\_OEM\_ENLW = 0xF4  
public const int VK\_OEM\_BACKTAB = 0xF5  
public const int VK\_ATTN = 0xF6  
public const int VK\_CRSEL = 0xF7  
public const int VK\_EXSEL = 0xF8  
public const int VK\_EREOF = 0xF9  
public const int VK\_PLAY = 0xFA  
public const int VK\_ZOOM = 0xFB  
public const int VK\_NONAME = 0xFC  
public const int VK\_PA1 = 0xFD  
public const int VK\_OEM\_CLEAR = 0xFE

按照以上对照表 写快捷键 CTRL + F :

SendMessage(hwnd, 0x0104, 0x11, 0x20380001);//0x11 == VK\_CONTROL == ALT键

SendMessage(hwnd, 0x0104, (int)'F', 0x20210001);//

SendMessage(hwnd, 0x0106, (int)'f', 0x20210001);//   
SendMessage(hwnd, 0x0105, (int)'F', 0xE0210001);//  
SendMessage(hwnd, 0x0105, 0x11, 0xC0380001);//

忘记说了 关于参数 lParam 是这么说的:

#### Parameters ####

*nVirtKey*

Value of  *wParam*. Specifies the virtual-key code of the key being pressed.

*lKeyData*

Value of  *lParam*. Specifies the repeat count, scan code, extended-key flag, context code, previous key-state flag, and transition-state flag, as shown in the following table.

<table> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <th align="left">Value</th> 
   <th align="left">Description</th> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>0–15</td> 
   <td>Specifies&nbsp;the&nbsp;repeat&nbsp;count&nbsp;for&nbsp;the&nbsp;current&nbsp;message.&nbsp;The&nbsp;value&nbsp;is&nbsp;the&nbsp;number&nbsp;of&nbsp;times&nbsp;the&nbsp;keystroke&nbsp;is&nbsp;auto-repeated&nbsp;as&nbsp;a&nbsp;result&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;user&nbsp;holding&nbsp;down&nbsp;the&nbsp;key.&nbsp;If&nbsp;the&nbsp;keystroke&nbsp;is&nbsp;held&nbsp;long&nbsp;enough,&nbsp;multiple&nbsp;messages&nbsp;are&nbsp;sent.&nbsp;However,&nbsp;the&nbsp;repeat&nbsp;count&nbsp;is&nbsp;not&nbsp;cumulative.</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>16–23</td> 
   <td>Specifies&nbsp;the&nbsp;scan&nbsp;code.&nbsp;The&nbsp;value&nbsp;depends&nbsp;on&nbsp;the&nbsp;original&nbsp;equipment&nbsp;manufacturer&nbsp;(OEM).</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>24</td> 
   <td>Specifies&nbsp;whether&nbsp;the&nbsp;key&nbsp;is&nbsp;an&nbsp;extended&nbsp;key,&nbsp;such&nbsp;as&nbsp;the&nbsp;right-hand&nbsp;alt&nbsp;and&nbsp;ctrl&nbsp;keys&nbsp;that&nbsp;appear&nbsp;on&nbsp;an&nbsp;enhanced&nbsp;101-&nbsp;or&nbsp;102-key&nbsp;keyboard.&nbsp;The&nbsp;value&nbsp;is&nbsp;1&nbsp;if&nbsp;it&nbsp;is&nbsp;an&nbsp;extended&nbsp;key;&nbsp;otherwise,&nbsp;it&nbsp;is&nbsp;0.</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>25–28</td> 
   <td>Reserved;&nbsp;do&nbsp;not&nbsp;use.</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>29</td> 
   <td>Specifies&nbsp;the&nbsp;context&nbsp;code.&nbsp;The&nbsp;value&nbsp;is&nbsp;1&nbsp;if&nbsp;the&nbsp;ALT&nbsp;key&nbsp;is&nbsp;down&nbsp;while&nbsp;the&nbsp;key&nbsp;is&nbsp;pressed;&nbsp;it&nbsp;is&nbsp;0&nbsp;if&nbsp;the&nbsp;WM_SYSKEYDOWN&nbsp;message&nbsp;is&nbsp;posted&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;active&nbsp;window&nbsp;because&nbsp;no&nbsp;window&nbsp;has&nbsp;the&nbsp;keyboard&nbsp;focus.</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>30</td> 
   <td>Specifies&nbsp;the&nbsp;previous&nbsp;key&nbsp;state.&nbsp;The&nbsp;value&nbsp;is&nbsp;1&nbsp;if&nbsp;the&nbsp;key&nbsp;is&nbsp;down&nbsp;before&nbsp;the&nbsp;message&nbsp;is&nbsp;sent,&nbsp;or&nbsp;it&nbsp;is&nbsp;0&nbsp;if&nbsp;the&nbsp;key&nbsp;is&nbsp;up.</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>31</td> 
   <td>Specifies&nbsp;the&nbsp;transition&nbsp;state.&nbsp;The&nbsp;value&nbsp;is&nbsp;always&nbsp;0&nbsp;for&nbsp;a&nbsp;WM_SYSKEYDOWN&nbsp;message.</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

0-15位：指定当前消息的重复次数。其值就是用户按下该键后自动重复的次数，但是重复次数不累积  
16-23位：指定其扫描码，其值依赖于OEM厂商  
24位：指定该按键是否为扩展按键，所谓扩展按键就是Ctrl,Alt之类的，如果是扩展按键，其值为1，否则为0   
25-28位：保留字段，暂时不可用   
29位：指定按键时的上下文，其值为1时表示在按键时Alt键被按下，其值为0表示WM\_SYSKEYDOWN消息因没有任何窗口有键盘焦点而被发送到当前活动窗口。   
30位：指定该按键之前的状态，其值为1时表示该消息发送前，该按键是被按下的，其值为0表示该消息发送前该按键是抬起的。   
31位：指定其转换状态，对WM\_SYSKEYDOWN消息而言，其值总为0。

具体可以参考 [http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/ms646286(en-us,VS.85).aspx][http_msdn.microsoft.com_zh-cn_library_ms646286_en-us_VS.85_.aspx]

如果你想知道这些参数的含义 你可以直接输入1 就可以了表示按键的次数

# lParam资讯 #

[![lParam.jpg][]][lParam.jpg 1]

在四个按键讯息（WM\_KEYDOWN、WM\_KEYUP、WM\_SYSKEYDOWN和WM\_SYSKEYUP）中，wParam讯息参数含有上面所讨论的虚拟键码，而lParam讯息参数则含有对了解按键非常有用的其他资讯。lParam的32位分为6个栏位，如图所示。  
　　在Win 3.x中，WPARAM是16位的，而LPARAM是32位的，两者有明显的区别。因为地址通常是32位的，所以LPARAM被用来传递地址，这个习惯在Win32 API中仍然能够看到。在Win32 API中，WPARAM和LPARAM都是32位，所以没有什么本质的区别。Windows的消息必须参考帮助文件才能知道具体的含义。如果是你定义的消息，愿意怎么使这两个参数都行。但是习惯上，我们愿意使用LPARAM传递地址，而WPARAM传递其他参数。

[http_msdn.microsoft.com_zh-cn_library_ms646286_en-us_VS.85_.aspx]: http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/ms646286%28en-us,VS.85%29.aspx
[lParam.jpg]: /images/20220329/90b4a7c8b3d842768ae53095e15177f0.png
[lParam.jpg 1]: http://imgsrc.baidu.com/baike/pic/item/9f1011b3a7e568b4d8335a71.jpg