linux gedit 编辑器小记（gedit 修改hosts）（gedit修改grub引导参数）

Myth丶恋晨 2022-03-27 08:24 282阅读 0赞

今天用到了ubuntu的gedit来编辑文件，记录一下。  
gedit也是一款linux的编辑器，今天修改hosts，vim不能用，gedit可以。

**1.修改hosts**

sudo gedit /etc/hosts

**2.修改ubuntn引导参数**

ubuntu系统安装完是用的ubuntu的 grub 2.02 引导，可以修改其参数达到我们开机默认引导哪个系统，默认等待秒数。还有引导系统名字。(下面代码中注释的文字下面即是改变的地方)

**打开grub文件**

sudo gedit /boot/grub/grub.cfg

**打开后文本如下**

#
    # DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE
    #
    # It is automatically generated by grub-mkconfig using templates
    # from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub
    #
    
    ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
    if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then
      set have_grubenv=true
      load_env
    fi
    if [ "${next_entry}" ] ; then
       set default="${next_entry}"
       set next_entry=
       save_env next_entry
       set boot_once=true
    else
    	#引导默认第几项，0标开始
       set default="2"
    fi
    
    if [ x"${feature_menuentry_id}" = xy ]; then
      menuentry_id_option="--id"
    else
      menuentry_id_option=""
    fi
    
    export menuentry_id_option
    
    if [ "${prev_saved_entry}" ]; then
      set saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}"
      save_env saved_entry
      set prev_saved_entry=
      save_env prev_saved_entry
      set boot_once=true
    fi
    
    function savedefault {
      if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then
        saved_entry="${chosen}"
        save_env saved_entry
      fi
    }
    function recordfail {
      set recordfail=1
      if [ -n "${have_grubenv}" ]; then if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then save_env recordfail; fi; fi
    }
    function load_video {
      if [ x$feature_all_video_module = xy ]; then
        insmod all_video
      else
        insmod efi_gop
        insmod efi_uga
        insmod ieee1275_fb
        insmod vbe
        insmod vga
        insmod video_bochs
        insmod video_cirrus
      fi
    }
    
    if [ x$feature_default_font_path = xy ] ; then
       font=unicode
    else
    insmod part_gpt
    insmod ext2
    set root='hd1,gpt10'
    if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
      search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd1,gpt10 --hint-efi=hd1,gpt10 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,gpt10  6d05d08a-e805-458e-9468-5f5fa1ccd850
    else
      search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6d05d08a-e805-458e-9468-5f5fa1ccd850
    fi
        font="/usr/share/grub/unicode.pf2"
    fi
    
    if loadfont $font ; then
      set gfxmode=auto
      load_video
      insmod gfxterm
      set locale_dir=$prefix/locale
      set lang=zh_CN
      insmod gettext
    fi
    terminal_output gfxterm
    if [ "${recordfail}" = 1 ] ; then
      set timeout=30
    else
      if [ x$feature_timeout_style = xy ] ; then
        set timeout_style=hidden
        #设置默认等待选择时间
        set timeout=3
      # Fallback hidden-timeout code in case the timeout_style feature is
      # unavailable.
      elif sleep --interruptible 10 ; then
        set timeout=0
      fi
    fi
    ### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
    
    ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###
    set menu_color_normal=white/black
    set menu_color_highlight=black/light-gray
    if background_color 44,0,30,0; then
      clear
    fi
    ### END /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###
    
    ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
    function gfxmode {
    	set gfxpayload="${1}"
    	if [ "${1}" = "keep" ]; then
    		set vt_handoff=vt.handoff=1
    	else
    		set vt_handoff=
    	fi
    }
    if [ "${recordfail}" != 1 ]; then
      if [ -e ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt ]; then
        if hwmatch ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt 3; then
          if [ ${match} = 0 ]; then
            set linux_gfx_mode=keep
          else
            set linux_gfx_mode=text
          fi
        else
          set linux_gfx_mode=text
        fi
      else
        set linux_gfx_mode=keep
      fi
    else
      set linux_gfx_mode=text
    fi
    export linux_gfx_mode
    menuentry 'Ubuntu 18' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-simple-6d05d08a-e805-458e-9468-5f5fa1ccd850' {
    	recordfail
    	load_video
    	gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode
    	insmod gzio
    	if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi
    	insmod part_gpt
    	insmod ext2
    	set root='hd1,gpt12'
    	if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
    	  search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd1,gpt12 --hint-efi=hd1,gpt12 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,gpt12  4f0df018-873e-49cf-9ca7-1e0eaf0a6cd3
    	else
    	  search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 4f0df018-873e-49cf-9ca7-1e0eaf0a6cd3
    	fi
            linux	/vmlinuz-4.15.0-43-generic root=UUID=6d05d08a-e805-458e-9468-5f5fa1ccd850 ro  quiet splash $vt_handoff
    	initrd	/initrd.img-4.15.0-43-generic
    }
    submenu 'Ubuntu 高级选项' $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-advanced-6d05d08a-e805-458e-9468-5f5fa1ccd850' {
    	menuentry 'Ubuntu，Linux 4.15.0-43-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.15.0-43-generic-advanced-6d05d08a-e805-458e-9468-5f5fa1ccd850' {
    		recordfail
    		load_video
    		gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode
    		insmod gzio
    		if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi
    		insmod part_gpt
    		insmod ext2
    		set root='hd1,gpt12'
    		if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
    		  search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd1,gpt12 --hint-efi=hd1,gpt12 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,gpt12  4f0df018-873e-49cf-9ca7-1e0eaf0a6cd3
    		else
    		  search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 4f0df018-873e-49cf-9ca7-1e0eaf0a6cd3
    		fi
    		echo	'载入 Linux 4.15.0-43-generic ...'
    	        linux	/vmlinuz-4.15.0-43-generic root=UUID=6d05d08a-e805-458e-9468-5f5fa1ccd850 ro  quiet splash $vt_handoff
    		echo	'载入初始化内存盘...'
    		initrd	/initrd.img-4.15.0-43-generic
    	}
    	menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 4.15.0-43-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.15.0-43-generic-recovery-6d05d08a-e805-458e-9468-5f5fa1ccd850' {
    		recordfail
    		load_video
    		insmod gzio
    		if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi
    		insmod part_gpt
    		insmod ext2
    		set root='hd1,gpt12'
    		if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
    		  search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd1,gpt12 --hint-efi=hd1,gpt12 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,gpt12  4f0df018-873e-49cf-9ca7-1e0eaf0a6cd3
    		else
    		  search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 4f0df018-873e-49cf-9ca7-1e0eaf0a6cd3
    		fi
    		echo	'载入 Linux 4.15.0-43-generic ...'
    	        linux	/vmlinuz-4.15.0-43-generic root=UUID=6d05d08a-e805-458e-9468-5f5fa1ccd850 ro recovery nomodeset 
    		echo	'载入初始化内存盘...'
    		initrd	/initrd.img-4.15.0-43-generic
    	}
    	menuentry 'Ubuntu，Linux 4.15.0-29-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.15.0-29-generic-advanced-6d05d08a-e805-458e-9468-5f5fa1ccd850' {
    		recordfail
    		load_video
    		gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode
    		insmod gzio
    		if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi
    		insmod part_gpt
    		insmod ext2
    		set root='hd1,gpt12'
    		if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
    		  search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd1,gpt12 --hint-efi=hd1,gpt12 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,gpt12  4f0df018-873e-49cf-9ca7-1e0eaf0a6cd3
    		else
    		  search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 4f0df018-873e-49cf-9ca7-1e0eaf0a6cd3
    		fi
    		echo	'载入 Linux 4.15.0-29-generic ...'
    	        linux	/vmlinuz-4.15.0-29-generic root=UUID=6d05d08a-e805-458e-9468-5f5fa1ccd850 ro  quiet splash $vt_handoff
    		echo	'载入初始化内存盘...'
    		initrd	/initrd.img-4.15.0-29-generic
    	}
    	menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 4.15.0-29-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.15.0-29-generic-recovery-6d05d08a-e805-458e-9468-5f5fa1ccd850' {
    		recordfail
    		load_video
    		insmod gzio
    		if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi
    		insmod part_gpt
    		insmod ext2
    		set root='hd1,gpt12'
    		if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
    		  search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd1,gpt12 --hint-efi=hd1,gpt12 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,gpt12  4f0df018-873e-49cf-9ca7-1e0eaf0a6cd3
    		else
    		  search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 4f0df018-873e-49cf-9ca7-1e0eaf0a6cd3
    		fi
    		echo	'载入 Linux 4.15.0-29-generic ...'
    	        linux	/vmlinuz-4.15.0-29-generic root=UUID=6d05d08a-e805-458e-9468-5f5fa1ccd850 ro recovery nomodeset 
    		echo	'载入初始化内存盘...'
    		initrd	/initrd.img-4.15.0-29-generic
    	}
    }
    
    ### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
    
    ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ###
    
    ### END /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ###
    
    ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ###
    ### END /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ###
    
    ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
    # 修改启动项win10的名字
    menuentry 'Windows 10 专业版' --class windows --class os $menuentry_id_option 'osprober-efi-68B0-640E' {
    	insmod part_gpt
    	insmod fat
    	set root='hd0,gpt2'
    	if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
    	  search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt2 --hint-efi=hd0,gpt2 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt2  68B0-640E
    	else
    	  search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 68B0-640E
    	fi
    	chainloader /EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi
    }
    # 修改启动项win7的名字
    menuentry 'Windows 7 旗舰版' --class windows --class os $menuentry_id_option 'osprober-efi-8CEF-6F38' {
    	insmod part_gpt
    	insmod fat
    	set root='hd1,gpt2'
    	if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
    	  search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd1,gpt2 --hint-efi=hd1,gpt2 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,gpt2  8CEF-6F38
    	else
    	  search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 8CEF-6F38
    	fi
    	chainloader /efi/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi
    }
    set timeout_style=menu
    if [ "${timeout}" = 0 ]; then
      set timeout=3
    fi
    ### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
    
    ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ###
    menuentry 'System setup' $menuentry_id_option 'uefi-firmware' {
    	fwsetup
    }
    ### END /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ###
    
    ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###
    # This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries.  Simply type the
    # menu entries you want to add after this comment.  Be careful not to change
    # the 'exec tail' line above.
    ### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###
    
    ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/41_custom ###
    if [ -f  ${config_directory}/custom.cfg ]; then
      source ${config_directory}/custom.cfg
    elif [ -z "${config_directory}" -a -f  $prefix/custom.cfg ]; then
      source $prefix/custom.cfg;
    fi
    ### END /etc/grub.d/41_custom ###