Spring Cloud Zuul 路由网关

水深无声 2022-03-25 09:38 175阅读 0赞

## 什么是网关 ##

Zuul的主要功能是路由转发和过滤器。路由功能是微服务的一部分，比如／api/user转发到到user服务，/api/shop转发到到shop服务。zuul默认和Ribbon结合实现了负载均衡的功能， 类似于nginx转发。Zuul还可以解决跨域的问题。

## 搭建SpringCloud网关 ##

### 创建工程service-zuul ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2Nja2V2aW5jeWg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

### Maven依赖 ###

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <groupId>com.cc.zuul</groupId>
        <artifactId>service-zuul</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <parent>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version>
            <relativePath /> 
        </parent>
    
        <properties>
            <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
            <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
            <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        </properties>
    
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
        <dependencyManagement>
            <dependencies>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                    <version>Dalston.RC1</version>
                    <type>pom</type>
                    <scope>import</scope>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
        </dependencyManagement>
    
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    
        <repositories>
            <repository>
                <id>spring-milestones</id>
                <name>Spring Milestones</name>
                <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
                <snapshots>
                    <enabled>false</enabled>
                </snapshots>
            </repository>
        </repositories>
    
    
    </project>

### application.yml配置 ###

eureka:
      client:
        serviceUrl:
          defaultZone: http://localhost:8888/eureka/
    server:
      port: 8769
    spring:
      application:
        name: service-zuul
    zuul:
      routes:
        api-a:
          path: /api-member/**
          service-id: service-member
        api-b:
          path: /api-order/**
          service-id: service-order

package com.cc.member;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.List;
    
    @RestController
    public class MemberController {
    
        @Value("${server.port}")
        private String port;
    
        @RequestMapping("/getUserList")
        public List<String> getUserList() {
            List<String> listUser = new ArrayList<String>();
            listUser.add("zhangsan");
            listUser.add("lisi");
            listUser.add("yushengjun");
            listUser.add(port);
            return listUser;
        }
    
        @RequestMapping("/getMemberInfo")
        public String getMemberInfo(){
            return "member server";
        }
    }

package com.cc.order;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    @RestController
    public class OrderController {
    
        @Autowired
        private MemberService memberService;
    
        @RequestMapping("/getOrderByUserList")
        public List<String> getOrderByUserList(){
            return memberService.getOrderByUserList();
        }
    
        @RequestMapping("/getOrderInfo")
        public String getOrderInfo(){
            return "order server";
        }
    }

发送请求http://127.0.0.1:8769/api-order/getOrderInfo

转发到http://127.0.0.1:8764/getOrderInfo

### 开启网关 @EnableZuulProxy ###

package com.cc.zuul;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
    import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableEurekaClient
    @EnableZuulProxy
    public class ZuulApp {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(ZuulApp.class, args);
        }
    }

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2Nja2V2aW5jeWg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

## 服务过滤  ##

### 使用Zuul网关拦截参数 ###

package com.cc.zuul;
    
    import com.netflix.zuul.ZuulFilter;
    import com.netflix.zuul.context.RequestContext;
    import org.slf4j.Logger;
    import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    
    @Component
    public class MyFilter extends ZuulFilter {
    
    	private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyFilter.class);
    
    	@Override
    	public String filterType() {
    		return "pre";
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	public int filterOrder() {
    		return 0;
    	}
    
    	public boolean shouldFilter() {
    		return true;
    	}
    
    	public Object run() {
    		RequestContext ctx = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();
    		HttpServletRequest request = ctx.getRequest();
    		log.info(String.format("%s >>> %s", request.getMethod(), request.getRequestURL().toString()));
    		Object accessToken = request.getParameter("token");
    		if (accessToken != null) {
    			return null;
    		}
    		log.warn("token is empty");
    		ctx.setSendZuulResponse(false);
    		ctx.setResponseStatusCode(401);
    		try {
    			ctx.getResponse().getWriter().write("token is empty");
    		} catch (Exception e) {
    		}
    		return null;
    
    	}
    }

###  测试 ###

如果请求参数中没有传入token参数 直接返回报错信息

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2Nja2V2aW5jeWg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

传入token参数可以正常访问请求

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