SpringMVC实现本服务器文件上传和跨服务器文件上传

﹏ヽ暗。殇╰゛Y 2022-03-25 00:48 289阅读 0赞

**项目结构:**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzQ2NDk2NA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

##### 1. 创建maven工程,导入依赖 #####

**pom.xml**  
**注意**：我们在使用maven创建web项目时，千万不要忘记将打包方式改成war

<packaging>war</packaging>
       
         <properties>
            <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
            <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
            <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
            <spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
        </properties>
    
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
                <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
                <version>2.5</version>
                <scope>provided</scope>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
                <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
                <version>2.0</version>
                <scope>provided</scope>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
                <version>1.3.1</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
                <version>2.4</version>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.sun.jersey</groupId>
                <artifactId>jersey-core</artifactId>
                <version>1.18.1</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.sun.jersey</groupId>
                <artifactId>jersey-client</artifactId>
                <version>1.18.1</version>
            </dependency>
    
        </dependencies>
    
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.3.2</version>
                    <configuration>
                        <source>1.8</source>
                        <target>1.8</target>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>

##### 2.编写前端测试页面 #####

**index.jsp:**  
**注意:** 1. form 表单的 enctype 取值必须是： multipart/form-data (默认值是:application/x-www-form-urlencoded),enctype:是表单请求正文的类型  
3. method 属性取值必须是 Post,否则不支持

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
    <html>
    <head>
        <title>测试文件上传</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    
    
    <h3>传统文件上传</h3>
    
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/fileupload1" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        选择文件：<input type="file" name="upload" /><br/>
        <input type="submit" value="上传" />
    </form>
    
    <h3>Springmvc文件上传</h3>
    
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/fileupload2" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        选择文件：<input type="file" name="upload" /><br/>
        <input type="submit" value="上传" />
    </form>
    
    <h3>跨服务器文件上传</h3>
    
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/fileupload3" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        选择文件：<input type="file" name="upload" /><br/>
        <input type="submit" value="上传" />
    </form>
    </body>
    </html>

**successs.jsp:**

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
    <html>
    <head>
        <title>Title</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <h3>上传文件成功</h3>
    </body>
    </html>

**3.编写springmvc.xml配置文件**  
**注意:** 配置文件解析器对象，要求id名称必须是multipartResolver

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
           xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xsi:schemaLocation="
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    
        
        <context:component-scan base-package="cn.xiaozhang.controller"/>
        
    
        
        <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
            
            <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/>
            
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
        </bean>
        
        
        
        
        
        <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
            
            <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760"/>
        </bean>
        
    
    
        
        <mvc:resources location="/css/" mapping="/css/**"/>
        <mvc:resources location="/images/" mapping="/images/**"/>
        <mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**"/>
    
        
        <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    </beans>

##### 4.编写Controller页面 #####

[http://localhost:8080][http_localhost_8080] 应用服务器  
[http://localhost:9090][http_localhost_9090] 图片服务器，存储图片  
\*\*注意:\*\*MultipartFile就是对文件的封装,服务器的端口号不能一样

package cn.xiaozhang.controller;
    
    import com.sun.jersey.api.client.Client;
    import com.sun.jersey.api.client.WebResource;
    import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
    import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
    import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
    
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import java.io.File;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.UUID;
    
    /**
     * 感谢詹姆斯.高斯林!
     * 有志者,事竟成!
     * 少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲!
     */
    @Controller
    @RequestMapping("/user")
    public class UserController {
    
        /**
         * 跨服务器文件上传
         * http://localhost:8080   应用服务器
         * http://localhost:9090  图片服务器，存储图片
         */
        @RequestMapping("/fileupload3")
        public String fileuoload3(MultipartFile upload) throws Exception {
            System.out.println("跨服务器文件上传...");
    
            // 定义上传文件服务器路径
            String path = "http://localhost:9090/uploads/";
    
            // 说明上传文件项
            // 获取上传文件的名称
            String filename = upload.getOriginalFilename();
            // 把文件的名称设置唯一值，uuid
            String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");
            filename = uuid+"_"+filename;
    
            // 创建客户端的对象
            Client client = Client.create();
    
            // 和图片服务器进行连接
            WebResource webResource = client.resource(path + filename);
    
            // 上传文件
            webResource.put(upload.getBytes());
    
            return "success";
        }
    
    
        /**
         * SpringMVC实现文件上传
         *      MultipartFile就是对文件的封装。
         */
        @RequestMapping("/fileupload2")
        public String fileupload2(HttpServletRequest request, MultipartFile upload) throws IOException {
            System.out.println("springmvc文件上传...");
    
            // 使用fileupload组件完成文件上传
            // 1. 指定文件上传保存的位置
            String path = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/uploads/");
    
            // 判断该路径是否存在
            File file = new File(path);
            if (!file.exists() || !file.isDirectory()){
                file.mkdirs();
            }
            // 打印一下文件保存的路径
            System.out.println("path:"+path);
    
            // 说明上传文件项
            // 2. 获取上传文件的名称
            String filename = upload.getOriginalFilename();
            // 把文件的名称设置唯一值，uuid
            String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");
            filename = uuid+"_"+filename;
    
            // 3.上传文件
            upload.transferTo(new File(path,filename));
            return "success";
        }
    
    
        /**
         * 传统方式上传
         */
        @RequestMapping("/fileupload1")
        public String fileupload1(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
            System.out.println("文件上传.....");
    
            // 使用fileupload组件完成文件上传
            // 1. 指定上传的位置
            String path = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/uploads/");
            System.out.println(path);
    
            // 判断该位置是否存在
            File file = new File("path:"+path);
            if (! file.exists()){
                file.mkdirs();
            }
    
            // 2. 解析request对象，获取上传文件项
            DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
            ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
            // 解析request
            List<FileItem> items = upload.parseRequest(request);
            System.out.println(items);// length = 0
            // 遍历
            for (FileItem item : items) {
    
                // 进行判断，当前item对象是否是上传文件项
                if(item.isFormField()){
                    // 说明普通表单
                    System.out.println("普通表单...");
                }else {
    
                    // 3. 说明上传文件项
                    // 获取上传文件的名称
                    String filename = item.getName();
                    // 把文件的名称设置唯一值，uuid
                    String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");
                    filename = uuid+"_"+filename;
                    // 完成上传
                    item.write(new File(path,filename));
                    // 删除临时文件
                }
            }
    
            // 跳转到上传成功页面
            return "success";
        }
    }

##### 5.配置web.xml #####

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
             version="3.1">
    
        
        <servlet>
            <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
            <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
            <init-param>
                <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
                <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
            </init-param>
            
            <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
        </servlet>
        <servlet-mapping>
            <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
            <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
        </servlet-mapping>
        
    
        
        <filter>
            <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
            <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
            <init-param>
                <param-name>encoding</param-name>
                <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
            </init-param>
            <init-param>
                <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
                <param-value>true</param-value>
            </init-param>
        </filter>
        <filter-mapping>
            <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
            <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
        </filter-mapping>
        
    
        
        <welcome-file-list>
            <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
        </welcome-file-list>
    </web-app>

**启动服务器,进行测试,上传成功!**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzQ2NDk2NA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]  
**传统方式上传注意事项:**  
在测试传统方式上传时,要将SpringMVC配置文件中的

注释掉,否则会出现无法成功存储图片的情况,这是因为出现了冲突,无法正确上传的文件造成的。

**跨服务器文件上传的注意事项：**  
存储服务器要是web项目，且发布时要发布带exploded的。  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzQ2NDk2NA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzQ2NDk2NA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]  
*Good Night !*

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[http_localhost_8080]: http://localhost:8080
[http_localhost_9090]: http://localhost:9090
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzQ2NDk2NA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20220325/483eaa5df42c4018b3e8e6336b2a6d45.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzQ2NDk2NA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20220325/30cefa902b4b439f98937ed1327b32ad.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzQ2NDk2NA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: /images/20220325/4c0d4763681644bc8eafcca38cec98c0.png